While modes of operation are commonly associated with symmetric encryption, they may also be applied to public-key encryption primitives such as RSA in principle ( though in practice public-key encryption of longer messages is generally realized using hybrid encryption ).

While it is not known if the two problems are mathematically equivalent, factoring is currently the only method of directly breaking RSA.

While patent suits are still among the most complex and expensive forms of litigation, these rules have saved litigants uncounted sums of money.

While Royal Assent and the royal sign-manual are required to enact laws, letters patent, and Orders in Council, the authority for these acts stems from the New Zealand populace.

While the patent was initially rejected by the patent office as being a purely mathematical invention, following 12 years of appeals, Pardo and Landau won a landmark court case at the CCPA ( Predecessor Court of the Federal Circuit ) overturning the Patent Office in 1983 — establishing that " something does not cease to become patentable merely because the point of novelty is in an algorithm.

While Dewar was recognised as the inventor, because he did not patent his invention there was no way to stop Thermos from using the design.

While the patent was filed in 1991, the first litigation was initiated in 2005.

While obtaining a patent on a naturally occurring organism as previously known or used is not possible, patents may be taken out on specific chemicals isolated or developed from plants.

While the vast majority of the patent application dealt with male sperm, one line suggested that the procedure would work with XX cells, i. e., cells from an adult woman to make female sperm.

While he kept the Khan's patent to collect taxes for all of Russia, Dmitry is also famous for leading the first Russian military victory over the Mongols.

While in New York City to visit his daughter and to talk with his patent agency, Richard Gatling died at his daughter's home on February 26, 1903.

While Goodyear decided to manufacture tyres, Hutchinson bought the patent to manufacture footwear and moved to France to establish " A l ' Aigle " (" To the Eagle ") in 1853, to honour his home country.

While the numerous patent and trademark disputes have left an unfortunate legacy, the fact is that these disputes did not occur until well after Windsurfing International, its licensees, class associations, retailers, schools and owners had built the sport to a successful commercial basis.

" While working for this company, he obtained his first patent, which was for a rotary water pump.

While Linoleum, coined by its inventor and patent holder Frederick Walton, is the first product term ruled by a court as generic, it was never used as a trademark.

While the patent survives ( No. 70, 147 ), much of the actual process of grilling was not well documented, and there has been considerable research trying to recreate what happened and when.

While Baur was the true inventor of the Pringles crisp, according to the patent, Liepa was the inventor of Pringles.

While the Canada Act 1982 received royal assent on March 29, 1982 in London, it was not until the Queen came to Canada that the Constitution Act, 1982, its Canadian equivalent, was proclaimed by letters patent as a statutory instrument by the Queen during her presence in Canada.

While on HMS Barham, Blackett was co-inventor of a gunnery device on which the Admiralty took out a patent.

While his first appearance was unsuccessful, it is noted that this production was produced illegally under the Licensing Act of 1737 which forbid the production of plays by theatres not holding letters patent or the production of plays not approved by the Lord Chamberlain.

While a patent is usually invalid if the patented device or process does not work, this is typically only determined if the patent is challenged ( which is not normally done unless the patent holder sues an alleged patent infringer ).

While the European Patent Convention does not totally overcome the need for translations ( since a translation may be required after grant to validate a patent in a given EPC Contracting State ), it does centralise the prosecution in one language and defers the cost of translations until the time of grant.

While the terms of President James K. Polk and Vice President George Mifflin Dallas had expired, Atchison's tenure as President pro tempore had already expired when the Thirtieth Congress adjourned sine die on March 4.

While a majority of the commissions were delivered, it proved impossible for all of them to be delivered before Adams's term as president expired.

While all expired certificates are considered invalid, not all unexpired certificates are necessarily valid.

While the moratorium on genetic modification has now expired, the Greens remain heavily involved in attempts to prevent any GM releases under the new regulatory framework, and genetic engineering remains a major topic for the party.

While administering general anesthesia, the patient's expired gases, which contain carbon dioxide, are passed through an Anaesthetic machine breathing circuit filled with soda lime granules.

While I highly doubt a copyright ever existed for this image, if it did, it expired long ago.

While this gave the Celtics a free throw, which Jo Jo White successfully converted to increase the lead to two, it gave the Suns possession at halfcourt, and enabled Gar Heard to sink an 18-footer as time expired to force a third overtime.

" While cheerfully admitting the sufficiency of Immanuel ’ s death to have redeemed all mankind, had all the sins of the whole human species been equally imputed to him ; and had he, as the Universal Representative, sustained that curse of the law which was due to all mankind ; yet we cannot perceive any solid reason to conclude, that his propitiatory sufferings are sufficient for the expiation of sins which he did not bear, or for the redemption of sinners whom he did not represent, as a sponsor, when he expired on the cross.

While Simon & Schuster and Hasbro claim to own trademarks to the Raggedy Ann and / or Raggedy Ann and Andy names, the original 1915 doll design and 1918 and 1920 books are in the public domain, their copyright having expired.

It turns out that even in the face of other economic giants, Bangladesh ’ s labor is “ cheaper than anywhere else in the world .” While some smaller factories were documented making pay cuts and layoffs, most downsizing was essentially speculative – the orders for goods kept coming even after the MFA expired.

While other sellers abused the unregulated market by selling fake and expired medications, and sometimes at exorbitant prices ; Que developed a reputation of selling fresh and quality medicines, and fair prices.

While the U. S. Army was stationed at Jalapa, Patterson returned to the U. S. with other volunteer units whose enlistment time had expired.

It turns out that even in the face of other economic giants, Bangladesh ’ s labor is “ cheaper than anywhere else in the world .” While some smaller factories were documented making pay cuts and layoffs, most downsizing was essentially speculative – the orders for goods kept coming even after the MFA expired.

While the Sedition Act expired on schedule in 1801, and one of the Alien acts was repealed, those who were imprisoned under the Sedition Act were released.

While Jacobs, who was the last wrestler legally eliminated from the Royal Rumble match, was later repackaged as the Undertaker's brother " Kane " and went on to experience considerable success, Bognar's one year contract expired and he left the company.

While the 1990 constitution remains in force, it has been amended four times since its adoption — in 1997, 2000, 2001 and 2010.

While unemployment remained at 20 % in 2000, GDP growth recovered to 3. 1 %.

# Excuse Me While I Wag — July 26, 1999 to April 30, 2000

While much of the attempt at gender equity in mainstream Christianity ( Judaism never recognized any gender for God ) is aimed at reinterpreting scripture and degenderizing language used to name and describe the divine ( Ruether, 1984 ; Plaskow, 1991 ), there are a growing number of people who identify as Christians or Jews who are trying to integrate goddess imagery into their religions ( Kien, 2000 ; Kidd 1996 ," Goddess Christians Yahoogroup ").

While Windows 2000 upgrades were available for Windows 95 and Windows 98, it was not intended for home users.

While European immigrants accounted for nearly 60 % of the total foreign population in 1970, they accounted for only 15 % in 2000.

While not having the stunning performance as she had in the 2000 Olympiad, she helped Hungary attain the silver medal for the event.

While most capacitors are rated for 2000 hours of operation at, their expected design life roughly doubles for every below this.

While the Giants have dominated this rivalry for most of their history, the series has been even for the last 20 years or so, with the series lead to the Eagles 22-21 through the 90 ’ s and 2000 ’ s.

While the Liberal Party pulled out of the government in February 2000, the Gonzalez Macchi government has achieved a consensus among the parties on many controversial issues, including economic reform.

While works such as Susan Zuccotti's Under His Very Windows: The Vatican and the Holocaust in Italy ( 2000 ) and Michael Phayer's The Catholic Church and the Holocaust, 1930 – 1965 ( 2000 ) are critical of both Cornwell and Pius XII ; Ronald J. Rychlak's Hitler, the War and the Pope is critical as well but defends Pius XII in light of his access to most recent documents.

While 680, 000 people lived in the city proper in 1950, a combination of suburbanization and economic turbulence caused a sharp decrease in city population to just 330, 000 in the year 2000.

While he has two championship rings with the 1999 – 2000 Yankees, Clemens has also been on the losing end of four World Series ( 1986 Red Sox, 2001 and 2003 Yankees, and 2005 Astros ), which is tied with Tom Glavine and John Smoltz ( who were both on the Braves when they lost the ' 91, ' 92, ' 96 and ' 99 World Series ) for the most among active players.

While early RISC designs differed significantly from contemporary CISC designs, by 2000 the highest performing CPUs in the RISC line were almost indistinguishable from the highest performing CPUs in the CISC line.

She became a movie star in the late 1990s, carrying a string of successes, including While You Were Sleeping, and Miss Congeniality in 2000.

While the ancient history of Turkmenistan is largely shrouded in mystery, its past since the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC is often the starting point of the area's discernible history.

While there, he met with al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in January 2000.

While no official recording of Vangelis ' composition for the 2000 Sydney Games exists, the music can be heard accompanying the presentation of the emblem of the 2004 Athens Games.

While each edition of Windows 2000 was targeted at a different market, they shared a core set of features, including many system utilities such as the Microsoft Management Console and standard system administration applications.

While legal challenges also dogged COPA's successor, the Children's Internet Protection Act ( CIPA ) of 2000, the Supreme Court upheld it as constitutional in 2004.

" While frequently left undefined ( Pollitt, 2005 ), decentralization has also been assigned many different meanings ( Reichard & Borgonovi, 2007 ), varying across countries ( Steffensen & Trollegaard, 2000 ; Pollitt, 2005 ), languages ( Ouedraogo, 2003 ), general contexts ( Conyers, 1984 ), fields of research, and specific scholars and studies.

According to OECD, " While European-born immigrants accounted for nearly 60 % of the total foreign-born population in 1970, they accounted for only 15 % in 2000.

While this is less true of the calendars contained within the Book of Common Prayer and the Alternative Service Book ( 1980 ), it is particularly true since the Anglican Church adopted its new pattern of services and liturgies contained within Common Worship, in 2000.