While the transcription of the Chinese words used by Ricci was not very consistent, he systematically used Latin p and t for unaspirated Chinese sounds that Pinyin renders as b and d. Accordingly, Ricci called the adherents of Laozi, Tausu (, Pinyin: Daoshi ), which was rendered as Tausa in an early English translation published by Samuel Purchas ( 1625 ).

While transcription was classically thought to occur only from DNA to RNA, reverse transcriptase transcribes RNA into DNA.

While important genes participating in the DNA to RNA transcription, protein translation and DNA / RNA replication are retained.

While working on the transcription, Ravel was informed that the movements had already been orchestrated by Spanish conductor Enrique Arbós, and that copyright law prevented any other arrangement from being made.

While this scheme is mostly accepted by a majority of Russian authors and publishers, transcription variants are not uncommon.

While RORs activate transcription of Bmal1, REV-ERBs repress the same transcription process.

While this region is able to activate gene transcription without ligand, this activation is weak and more selective compared to the activation provided by the E domain.

" While You Were Art II " is a Synclavier performance based on a transcription of Zappa's improvised guitar solo on the track " While You Were Out " from the Shut Up ' n Play Yer Guitar album.

While the exact mechanism through which Pol I increases its rate of transcription is yet unknown, evidence has shown that rRNA synthesis can increase or decrease without changes in the number of actively transcribed rDNA.

While transcription factors control which cells express DAT, functional regulation of this protein is largely accomplished by kinases.

While the precise control mechanism has not yet been established, FOX proteins belong to the forkhead / winged-helix family of transcriptional regulators and are presumed to exert control via similar DNA binding interactions during transcription.

While several NRs act as ligand-inducible transcription factors, many do not yet have a defined ligand and are accordingly termed " orphan " receptors.

While much smaller than the large chromosome, the two plasmids account for most of the 91 insertion sequences and include genes for a DNA polymerase, seven transcription factors, genes in potassium and phosphate uptake, and cell division.

While prokaryotic cyanobacteria themselves reproduce asexually through cell division, they were instrumental in priming the environment for the evolutionary development of more complex eukaryotic organisms.

While Dollo's Law suggests that the loss of function in pseudogenes is likely permanent, silenced genes may actually retain function for several million years and can be " reactivated " into protein-coding sequences and a substantial number of pseudogenes are actively transcribed.

While a spontaneous or induced genetic mutation in bacteria may confer resistance to antimicrobial drugs, genes that confer resistance can be transferred between bacteria in a horizontal fashion by conjugation, transduction, or transformation.

While past conservation efforts were aimed at protecting particular species and habitats, the Convention recognizes that ecosystems, species and genes must be used for the benefit of humans.

While at the NIH, Venter learned of a technique for rapidly identifying all of the mRNAs present in a cell and began to use it to identify human brain genes.

While the Darwin Awards are named after Charles Darwin, due to his theory of natural selection, there is no evidence that the stories depicted actually represent the removal of " judgement impairment genes " from the gene pool.

While some genetically modified plants are developed by the introduction of a gene originating from distant, sexually incompatible species into the host genome, cisgenic plants contain genes that have been isolated either directly from the host species or from sexually compatible species.

While slight variations on the standard code had been predicted earlier, none were discovered until 1979, when researchers studying human mitochondrial genes discovered they used an alternative code.

While slight variations on the standard code had been predicted earlier, none was discovered until 1979, when researchers studying human mitochondrial genes determined that they used an alternative code.

While the applicability of the quasispecies model to real organisms is still a matter of debate in the scientific community, some researchers believe that it accurately represents the evolution of high-mutation-rate viruses such as HIV and sometimes single genes or molecules within the genomes of other organisms.

While sociobiology is predicated on the observation that genes do affect behavior, it is perfectly consistent to be a sociobiologist while arguing that measured IQ variations between individuals reflect mainly cultural or economic rather than genetic factors.

While traditional microbiology and microbial genome sequencing rely upon cultivated clonal cultures, early environmental gene sequencing cloned specific genes ( often the 16S rRNA gene ) to produce a profile of diversity in a natural sample.

While normally a vasectomy may be performed on an endangered animal under limited circumstances, particularly if an individual has already produced many offspring and its genes are overrepresented in the population, scientists realized the animal in question was one of the most genetically valuable Przewalski's horses in the North American breeding program.

While these building blocks can be attached only linearly for proteins and genes, they can be arranged in a branched array for saccharides, further increasing the degree of complexity.

While they do not use hemoglobin any more, remnants of hemoglobin genes can be found in their genome.

While the functional dihydrofolate reductase gene has been mapped to chromosome 5, multiple intronless processed pseudogenes or dihydrofolate reductase-like genes have been identified on separate chromosomes.

However, these genes confer only partial resistance to FHB, and many of the initial sources of resistance were not well adapted to most of the grain production regions of the U. S. While some success has been made in transferring FHB resistance from such exotic sources into adapted cultivars, identification and deployment of FHB resistance already present in local native germplasm and cultivars is providing another means to achieve this goal.

While twins have been of interest to scholars since early civilization, such as the early physician Hippocrates ( 5th c. BCE ), who attributed similar diseases in twins to shared material circumstances, and the stoic philosopher Posidonius ( 1st c. BCE ), who attributed such similarities to shared astrological circumstances, the modern history of the twin study derives from Sir Francis Galton's pioneering use of twins to study the role of genes and environment on human development and behavior.

While APC is mutated in most colon cancers, some cancers have increased β-catenin because of mutations in β-catenin ( CTNNB1 ) that block its degradation, or they have mutation ( s ) in other genes with function analogous to APC such as AXIN1, AXIN2, TCF7L2, or NKD1.

While enhancers are usually cis-acting, an enhancer does not need to be particularly close to the genes it acts on, and sometimes need not be located on the same chromosome.

While genome projects have identified an extensive inventory of genes in many different organisms, genetic screens can provide valuable insight as to how those genes function.

While several genes that are expressed differently in different colony morphologies have been identified, some recent efforts focus on what might control these changes.

While eating meat raw may be the only way to avoid HCAs fully, the National Cancer Institute states that cooking meat below creates " negligible amounts " of HCAs.

While most may think that the body of the drum produces the sound, it is in fact actually the membrane and its vibration that creates the sound when struck.

While there are constant rumours that she has affairs with male celebrities in order to build her profile, in some cases she simply creates the rumours herself ; in The Desert Angel ( series 1 ) she confesses to Pat Cash that she started a rumour about having an affair with him.

While arm power, accuracy, and pocket presence – the ability to successfully operate from within the " pocket " formed by his blockers – are still the most important quarterback virtues, the ability to elude or run past defenders creates an additional threat that allows greater flexibility in the team's passing and running game.

While Rousseau's social contract is based on popular sovereignty and not on individual sovereignty, there are other theories espoused by individualists, libertarians and anarchists, which do not involve agreeing to anything more than negative rights and creates only a limited state, if any.

While it can be used that way, it is a poor resource management technique because it intentionally creates overload and does not fully utilize the available hardware.

While updrafts are still present, the falling rain creates downdrafts as well.

While some areas are much more dangerous to players than others, there is nonetheless a mix of different creatures types that creates much more unpredictability than is present in other games.

While the Soviet constitution formally creates a federal system, the Chinese constitution formally creates a unitary multi-national state.

While inspecting the gadgets, Max usually creates minor mayhem.

Wiersema places emphasis on structure: “ Interestingly, the creator never creates a position of privilege for himself ; his story is as fictive, and as truthful-feeling, as the “ bigger, impossible story ” of the Connelly siblings, and becomes another strand in the complex and utterly winning tale Lent is spinning .” While Sandborn offers a thematic overview: “ The book works both as a straightforward story of family pain, addiction, love and redemption, and as a highly intelligent meditation on the process of writing itself .”

While this is applicable to objective criteria, ENTJs must learn to recognize the great importance of Feeling in relationships and personal contact, since it creates the close bonds vital to human beings.

While the family is setting up Christmas decorations, Edward creates an angel ice sculpture.

" While Edward creates more ice sculptures, a flashback of a young Kim is shown dancing under the snow falling from the angel ice sculpture above her.

While Blunderbore is off inviting a fellow giant to come help him eat Jack, Jack creates nooses from some rope.

In Modern Times, Chaplin creates a “ portrayal consistent with popular leftist stereotypes of wealthy capitalists and oppressed workers in the 1930s .” While the Tramp and his fellow workers sweat on the assembly line, the president of the Electro Steel Company works on a puzzle and reads the funnies in the newspaper.

While the oceanic crust in the Juan de Fuca plate melts under the subterranean pressure, this creates pools of molten lava that have uplifted the Cascade Range and created volcanic eruptions from time to time.

While this helps reduce noise in images with stationary objects, it creates motion blurring for moving objects.

While CI dancers usually stay touching or in physical contact for much of a dance, a CI dance can occur in which partners never touch yet there is a clear " listening " and energetic connection / intention that creates the " contact " of their shared dance.

While Ubu may be relentless in his political aspirations, and brutal in his personal relations, he apparently has no measurable effect upon those who inhabit the farcical world which he creates around himself.

While this may cause issues with some programs in handling VISCII text if they use those control codes, it creates fewer complications than either of the other two solutions.

While off inviting his friend Rebecks to come help him eat Jack, Jack creates nooses from some rope.

While the unfamiliar language is a projection of how historical linguistics might apply in the future, it also provides clues to the nature of life in Riddley's world ( e. g., being " et " by wild dogs is a common fate ), and creates suspense as the reader gradually becomes accustomed to the idiosyncratic narration, and comes to understand some of the references of which Riddley is unaware.