Within the field of computer science, specifically in the area of formal languages, the Chomsky hierarchy ( occasionally referred to as Chomsky – Schützenberger hierarchy ) is a containment hierarchy of classes of formal grammars.

Within the computer industry, a joke got started that the acronym AXP meant " Almost eXactly PRISM ".

Within the computer programmer subculture of hackers, the term hacker is also used for a programmer who reaches a goal by employing a series of modifications to extend existing code or resources.

Within Internet message handling services ( MHS ), a message transfer agent or mail transfer agent ( MTA ) or mail relay is software that transfers electronic mail messages from one computer to another using a client – server application architecture.

Within engineering, Stanford placed in aerospace, computer, electrical, environmental, and mechanical engineering ; in civil engineering ; and in chemical, material, and bioengineering.

Within the U. S., Carnivore was a first incarnation of secretly installed e-mail monitoring software installed in Internet service providers ' networks to log computer communication, including transmitted e-mails.

The advertising campaign for the GeForce FX featured the Dawn technology demo, which was the work of several veterans from the computer animation Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within.

Within information science, attention has been given in recent years to human – computer interaction, groupware, the semantic web, value sensitive design, iterative design processes and to the ways people generate, use and find information.

Within this definition the computer often plays no part in the actual assessment of responses but merely facilitates the capture and transfer of responses between candidate and human assessor.

Aki Ross wears a Seiko wristband computer in Final Fantasy the Spirits Within.

Within the TCP protocol, a large number of small packets are created ( e. g. acknowledgements ) and as these are typically generated on the host CPU and transmitted across the PCI bus and out the network physical interface, this impacts the host computer IO throughput.

Within this area it deals with a broad range of issues, ranging from various programming topics, server hardware reviews and virtualization, computer security to articles about emerging technologies and current IT related legal or political issues.

Within a vast computer network, the individual computers on the periphery of the network, those that do not also connect other networks, and those that often connect transiently to one or more clouds are called end nodes.

Within Roland's family of LA synthesizers, the multitimbral MT-32 series constitutes the budget prosumer line for computer music at home, the multitimbral D-10 / D-20 / D-110 models the professional line for general studio use, and the high-end monotimbral D-50 / D-550 models for sophisticated multi-track studio work.

Within the context of corporate and organizational networks, a greynet ( or Grayware ) is an elusive networked computer application that is downloaded and installed on end user systems without express permission from network administrators and often without awareness or cognition that it is deeply embedded in the organization ’ s network fabric.

Within two decades these computer techniques were integral to the analysis of complex machine systems and the control of robot manipulators.

Within their respective departments, Cathedral offers classes in scripture, world religions, earth science, biology, chemistry, physics, journalism, computer literacy, art ( painting, drawing, and sculpture ), United States History, World History, sociology, Spanish, French, Latin, algebra, geometry, calculus, and statistics.

Within the field of computer science, CIMS concentrates in theory, programming languages, computer graphics and parallel computing.

Within St. Joseph ’ s Collegiate Institute, there are two academic computer labs, a newly updated Computer Graphics Lab in the art wing, and a Music Lab that employs Mac and Windows computers.

Within each lesson there are sets of exercises testing listening, reading, and speaking ( for which the computer must have a microphone ).

Within a year, by June 1982, the game had sold 23, 000 copies, making it one of the best-selling computer games at the time.

Within the Apple II platform, Softdisk spawned Softdisk G-S for the Apple IIgs computer in 1989 ; Softdisk G-S lasted until 1997.

A line in a Henry Kuttner science fiction short story, Piggy Bank, reads " Within seconds the scene resembled a Mack Sennett pie-throwing comedy.

Within the framework of his science fiction stories, Heinlein repeatedly addressed certain social themes: the importance of individual liberty and self-reliance, the obligation individuals owe to their societies, the influence of organized religion on culture and government, and the tendency of society to repress nonconformist thought.

Within the natural sciences, the term hard science is sometimes used to describe those sub-fields which some people view as relying on experimental, quantifiable data or the scientific method and focus on accuracy and objectivity.

Within philosophy of science, it is often framed as an answer to the question " how is the success of science to be explained?

Within science fiction, and, more recently, within the scientific community, there has been consideration given to using advanced prostheses to replace healthy body parts with artificial mechanisms and systems to improve function.

Within most fields of study, and in science in particular, the elevation of some principle of that field to the status of " law " usually takes place after a very long time during which the principle is used and tested and verified ; though in some fields of study such laws are simply postulated as a foundation and assumed.

Within political science, coalition theory is using game theory to analyze formation, workings and break-up of coalitions.

Within medical science, pattern recognition is the basis for computer-aided diagnosis ( CAD ) systems.

Within the cultures of anime and manga specifically, as well as science fiction and fantasy, there is a certain level of notoriety that is attached to cosplayers.

Within science, the greylag goose is most notable as being the bird with which the ethologist Konrad Lorenz first did his major studying into the behavioural phenomenon of imprinting.

Within each broad category, the prize rotates among subfields, e. g. the technology prize rotates across electronics, biotechnology, materials science and engineering, and information science.

Within the program is the Farber Fund, named for storied university professor emeritus Dr. William O. Farber, which provides subsidy to political science and criminal justice majors to attend conferences, participate in study tours, complete internships, and study abroad.

Within philosophy of science, it is often framed as an answer to the question " how is the success of science to be explained?

Within social science there is a consilience between gestalt field theory and systems or ecological psychotherapy ; between the concept of dialogical relationship and object relations, attachment theory, client-centered therapy and the transference-oriented approaches ; between the existential, phenomenological, and hermeneutical aspects of gestalt therapy and the constructivist aspects of cognitive therapy ; and between gestalt therapy's commitment to awareness and the natural processes of healing and mindfulness, acceptance and Buddhist techniques adopted by cognitive behavioral therapy.

Within Estonia and in Estonian, his highly critical publications on Sigmund Freud, on the history of psychology, and on the measuring of science productivity, the transition of science, and quality control are of great importance as well.

Within the brain science community, researchers began discovering mechanisms of brain function that Crick claims can account for the human soul.

Within an hour or less most students were using the system proficiently, mostly to learn math and science skills, although a lesson that taught keyboarding skills was one of the most popular.

Within Games Workshops fantasy and science fiction settings there is reference to the Old Ones ; these are implied to be the same creatures though they have been presented in slightly different ways.

Within two years, Józef Ulam and the rest of his family were victims of the Holocaust, Steinhaus was in hiding, Kuratowski was lecturing at the underground university in Warsaw, Stożek and his two sons had been killed in the massacre of Lwów professors, Banach was surviving Nazi occupation by feeding lice at Rudolf Weigl's typhus research institute, and the last problem had been recorded in the Scottish Book.

Within the transport economics community, congestion pricing is considered to be an appropriate mechanism to deal with this problem ( i. e. to internalise the externality ) by allocating scarce roadway capacity to users.

Within the Latin American world, the most iconic of magical realist novelist is Nobel Laureate Gabriel García Márquez, whose novel One Hundred Years of Solitude was an instant worldwide success. Plaque of Gabriel García Márquez, Paris García Márquez confessed: " my most important problem was destroying the line of demarcation that separates what seems real from what seems fantastic.

Within the class P, however, polynomial-time reductions are inappropriate, because any problem in P can be polynomial-time reduced ( both many-one and Turing ) to almost any other problem in P. Thus, for classes within P such as L, NL, NC, and P itself, log-space reductions are used instead.

Within the framework of Kohn – Sham DFT ( KS DFT ), the intractable many-body problem of interacting electrons in a static external potential is reduced to a tractable problem of non-interacting electrons moving in an effective potential.

Within a few generations the number of maggots grows exponentially and becomes a serious problem.

" Within this context, people who were habitually uninterested in sex, who in previous times may not have seen this as a problem, were more likely to feel that this was a situation that needed to be fixed.

Within five years Johannes Rydberg came up with an empirical formula that solved the problem, presented first in 1888 and in final form in 1890.

Within Lévy models the pricing problem for geometrically Asian options can still be solved.

Within a school setting, it is very important that a students ' specific needs as well as the situational context be kept in mind when selecting topics for integrated information literacy skills instruction The primary goal should be to provide frequent opportunities for students to learn and practice information problem solving.

Of note is the fact that AI pioneer Marvin Minsky was a consultant on the project of making HAL 9000 as realistic as possible according to the consensus predictions of the time ; Crevier quotes him as having said on the subject in 1967, " Within a generation ... the problem of creating ' artificial intelligence ' will substantially be solved ,", although Minsky states that he was misquoted.

Within 18 months of VE-Day, virtually all U. S. armed forces personnel had left Europe except for the Occupation Forces in Germany, Austria, and a small number of Army troops in Italy to control the Trieste problem.

Within each group, the first team member solves a problem and passes the solution to the next team member, who plugs that answer into their question, and so on.

Within the Federal forts, Milroy and his sub-commanders believed that the Confederates had been repulsed from Winchester, still seemingly unaware they were now totally surrounded and cut off, with the additional problem of an entire division ( Rodes ') occupying their primary escape route north.

Reverend Mosley James Evans and the Peace Within Choir attempt to persuade Pimp Lucius, a pimp with a severe stuttering problem, to stop pimping and to turn his life around.

Within days of Gillette's first defeat, Roosevelt nominated him as the chairman of the three-member Surplus Property Board, prompting the Washington Post and a Life Magazine editorial to quip that the president was confusing the problem of surplus property with the problem of surplus politicians.

Within these works, Rogers questioned the concept of race, the origins of racial differentiation, and the root of the " color problem.