Serialism, more specifically named " integral " or " compound " serialism, was led by composers such as Pierre Boulez, Bruno Maderna, Luigi Nono, and Karlheinz Stockhausen in Europe, and by Milton Babbitt, Donald Martino, and Charles Wuorinen in the United States.

Wuorinen was born on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City.

His father, John H. Wuorinen, was chairman of the history department at Columbia University and a noted scholar of Scandinavian affairs who also worked for the Office of Strategic Services and was the author of five books on his native Finland.

From 1952 to 1956 Wuorinen was President of the Trinity School Glee Club.

Major Wuorinen compositions of the ' 60s include Orchestral and Electronic Exchanges, premiered by the New York Philharmonic conducted by Lukas Foss, the First Piano Concerto, with composer as soloist, the String Trio, written for the then newly formed new music ensemble Speculum Musicae, and Time's Encomium, Wuorinen ’ s only purely electronic piece, composed using the RCA Synthesizer at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center under a commission from Nonesuch Records, for which Wuorinen was awarded the 1970 Pulitzer Prize for Music at the age of 32.

From an interview with Richard Burbank Wuorinen is quoted as saying, " What I did at Bell Labs ( with Mark Liberman ) was to try various experiments in which strings of pseudo-random material, usually pitches but sometimes other things, were generated and then subjected to traditional types of compositional organization, including twelve-tone procedures.

Wuorinen was composer in residence with the San Francisco Symphony from 1984-1989.

In addition to the Dante texts Wuorinen was influenced by the watercolors illustrations of William Blake.

For New York City Ballet Wuorinen also made a two-piano arrangement of the Schoenberg Orchestra Variations choreographed by Richard Tanner, and Peter Martins created a ballet based on Wuorinen ’ s A Reliquary for Igor Stravinsky In 1985 Wuorinen was awarded a MacArthur Foundation Fellowship.

Wuorinen devoted increased attention to writing works for the voice, these included his setting of Dylan Thomas ’ s A Winter's Tale for soprano Phyllis Bryn-Julson and the Fenton Songs I & II on poems of the British poet James Fenton with whom Wuorinen was collaborating on an opera.

The only thing that all Downtown music might be said to have in common is that, at least at the time of its original appearance, it was too bizarre – by dint of excessive length, stasis, simplicity, extemporaneity, consonance, noisiness, pop influence, vernacular reference, or other purported infraction – to have been considered " serious " modern music by proponents of " uptown " music performed from the 1960s through the 1980s at the Juilliard School, Columbia University, and Lincoln Center, under the direction of the composers Charles Wuorinen and Harvey Sollberger in concerts by The Group for Contemporary Music, and concerts directed by the French conductor and pianist, Jacques-Louis Monod with the Guild of Composers.

Aaron Jay Kernis is Jewish, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and studied at the Manhattan School of Music, the San Francisco Conservatory, and Yale University ( under John Adams, Jacob Druckman, Morton Subotnick, and Charles Wuorinen ).,

He has made numerous recordings, on such labels as RCA Victor, featuring music from Bach ( including four recordings of the Goldberg Variations-the first made when he was 18, the fourth when he was 47 ), Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Chopin, Brahms, and Dvořák as well as numerous more recent composers such as Reger, Berg, Webern, Schoenberg, Messiaen, Takemitsu, Oliver Knussen, Peter Lieberson, Stefan Wolpe and Charles Wuorinen.

* An opera, Haroun and the Sea of Stories, by Charles Wuorinen with libretto by James Fenton, written in 2001, was premiered at the New York City Opera in Fall 2004.

Wuorinen began composing at age 5 and began piano lessons at 6.

Many early professional performances of Wuorinen ’ s compositions took place on the Music of Our Time series at the 92nd Street Y run by violinist Max Pollikoff.

The 1970s were a particularly fruitful period for Wuorinen, who taught from 1971 to 1979 at the Manhattan School of Music ; his students included Arthur Russell.

In the late 70 ’ s Wuorinen became interested in the work of the mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot and with a grant from the Rockefeller Foundation he conducted sonic experiments at Bell Labs in New Jersey.

Wuorinen has lectured at universities throughout the United States and abroad, and has served on the faculties of Columbia, Princeton, and Yale Universities, the University of Iowa, University of California ( San Diego ), Manhattan School of Music, New England Conservatory, State University of New York at Buffalo, and Rutgers University.

* Bloomberg TV segment at the Wuorinen website, 2008

While there, he studied serialism with Charles Wuorinen at the Manhattan School of Music for two years, and received a Master of Music in Composition degree in 1978.

* Wuorinen ; John H. Finland and World War II, 1939-1944 ( 1948 ) online edition

Wuorinen excelled academically, graduating from Trinity School ( New York City ) as valedictorian in 1956 ; he later received his B. A.

Other champions of Wuorinen ’ s music include Peter Serkin, for whom Wuorinen composed three concerti including Time Regained ( based on music of Machaut, Matteo da Perugia, Guillaume Dufay, and Orlando Gibbons ) and Flying to Kahani, commissioned by Carnegie Hall ; the solo Scherzo and Adagio ; and the Second Piano Quintet with the Brentano Quartet, another ensemble with which Wuorinen has had a very fruitful relationship and for which he wrote his Fourth String Quartet.

Charles Peter Wuorinen ( born June 9, 1938 ) is a prolific Pulitzer Prize-winning American composer born and living in New York City.

In 1976 Wuorinen completed his Percussion Symphony a five movement work for 24 players including two pianos for the New Jersey Percussion Ensemble and his longtime colleague Raymond DesRoches, as well as his opera subtitled " a baroque burlesque ", The W. of Babylon with an original libretto by Renaud Charles Bruce.

In the 1980s Wuorinen began an association with the New York City Ballet which resulted in a series of works designed for dance, Five ( Concerto for Amplified Cello and Orchestra ) for choreographer Jean-Pierre Bonnefoux and Wuorinen's longtime colleague and champion Fred Sherry, Delight of the Muses based on works of Mozart and commissioned in honor of the Mozart Bicentennial and three works inspired by scenes from Dante ’ s la Divina Commedia for Peter Martins ( The Mission of Virgil, The Great Procession and The River of Light ).

* Kresky, Jeffrey, The Recent Music of Charles Wuorinen Perspectives of New Music, Vol.

Important 20th century works have been written for string orchestra by Bartók ( Divertimento for String Orchestra ), Stravinsky ( Apollo ), Witold Lutosławski ( Musique funèbre ), Benjamin Britten ( Simple Symphony and Variations on a Theme of Frank Bridge ), Charles Wuorinen ( Grand Bamboula ), and Malcolm Williamson ( Symphony No. 7 ).

* Charles Wuorinen ( 1956 ), composer

* 1970: Charles Wuorinen, Time's Encomium

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Dr. Gordon N. Ray, Provost, Vice-President and Professor of English in the University of Illinois, was appointed Associate Secretary General.

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In October 1944, he was appointed state warden and chief of the Forest Fire Section.

Vincent G. Ierulli has been appointed temporary assistant district attorney, it was announced Monday by Charles E. Raymond, District Attorney.

Her husband recently was appointed vice president of the university, bringing them back here from the east.

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Among his staff was Isham G. Harris, the Governor of Tennessee, who had ceased to make any real effort to function as governor after learning that Abraham Lincoln had appointed Andrew Johnson as military governor of Tennessee.

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In 1950, van Vogt was briefly appointed as head of L. Ron Hubbard's Dianetics operation in California.

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In time, it became natural to group these into provinces and a metropolitan was appointed for each province.

He was also appointed organist for the Bach Concerts of the Orféo Català at Barcelona and often travelled there for that purpose.