* Xiang Yu ( 232 BC – 202 BC ), Chinese rebel general against the Qin Dynasty and arch nemesis of Liu Bang in the Chu-Han contention.

* Liu Bang, King of Han, defeats Xiang Yu of Western Chu in the Battle of Gaixia, ending the Chu-Han contention.

* Xiang Yu, rebel leader against the Qin Dynasty and nemesis of Liu Bang in the Chu-Han contention ( b. 232 BC )

** Xiang Yu, rebel leader against the Qin Dynasty and nemesis of Liu Bang in the Chu-Han contention ( b. 232 BC )

According to the Records of the Grand Historian, after the collapse of the Qin Dynasty the hegemon Xiang Yu appointed Liu Bang as prince of the small fief of Hanzhong.

Two former rebel leaders, Xiang Yu ( d. 202 BCE ) of Chu and Liu Bang ( d. 195 BCE ) of Han, engaged in a war to decide who would become hegemon of China, which had fissured into 18 kingdoms, each claiming allegiance to either Xiang Yu or Liu Bang.

Although Xiang Yu proved to be a capable commander, Liu Bang defeated him at the Battle of Gaixia, in modern-day Anhui.

Ziying was defeated near the Wei River in 207 BC and surrendered shortly after ; he was executed by the Chu leader Xiang Yu.

Liu Bang then betrayed and defeated Xiang Yu, declaring himself Emperor Gaozu of the new Han Dynasty.

* 232 BC – Xiang Yu, Chinese rebel general against the Qin Dynasty, as well as the later arch nemesis of Liu Bang in the civil war of the Chu-Han contention ( d. 202 BC )

It is not known what criteria were used to determine who would stay and who would go, but 16, 000 troops and some of the Communists ' most notable commanders at the time ( including Xiang Ying, Chen Yi, Tan Zhenlin, and Qu Qiubai ) were left to form a rear guard, to divert the main force of Nationalist troops from noticing, and preventing, the general withdrawal .< ref > Barnouin, Barbara and Yu Changgen.

Xiang Yu styled himself, Xīchǔ Bàwáng (“ 西楚霸王 ,” lit.

However, in order to secure his position throughout China, Liu Bang becomes engaged in a civil war with the warlord, general Xiang Yu, until 202 BC, known as the Chu-Han contention.

* Xiang Yu, Chinese rebel general against the Qin Dynasty, as well as the later arch nemesis of Liu Bang in the civil war of the Chu-Han contention ( d. 202 BC )

The emperor's own library still had copies of the forbidden books but most of these were destroyed later when Xiang Yu burned the palaces of Xianyang in 206 BC.

Later historical accounts suggested that the tomb had been looted by Xiang Yu, a contender for the throne, and other people after the death of the Emperor, however there are indications that the tomb may not have been plundered.

Some of the figures in pit one and two showed fire damage and remains of burnt ceiling rafters have also been found ; these, together with the missing weapons, have been taken as evidence of the reported looting by Xiang Yu and its subsequent burning.

Yuzhang commandery ( 豫章, Gan: Ì-zong ) was established in Jiangxi at the beginning of the Han Dynasty, possibly before the death of Xiang Yu in 202 BC, and it's also the very first commandery set up by Chinese dynasty in Jiangxi.

The biography of Xiang Yu, who never actually ruled all the country, was contained in this class.

This may be because Sima Qian included de facto rulers such as Xiang Yu and Empress Dowager Lu and excluded rulers with no real power, such as Emperor Yi of Chu and Emperor Hui of Han.

For example, the information that Liu Bang ( later Emperor Gaozu of Han ), in a desperate attempt to escape in a chase from Xiang Yu's men, pushed his children off his carriage to lighten it, was not given in the emperor's biography, but in the biography of Xiang Yu.

Mao Zedong once said about Duke Xiang's humanity in war: " We are not Duke Xiang of Song and have no use for his idiotic virtue and morality.

The river is said to be protected by two goddesses, the Xiang Consorts ( 湘妃 Xiangfei ): Ehuang ( 娥皇 ) and Nüying ( 女英 ).

The spots on the dotted Xiang River bamboos ( 湘江竹 or 湘竹 ), also known as Xiang Consorts Bamboo ( 湘妃竹 ), are said to be the teardrops of the consorts.

Xiang () is the name of a ruler of the semi-legendary Xia Dynasty who is said to have reigned during the 3rd millennium BC.

He is said to be responsible for the great floods together with his associate, Xiang Yao (), who has nine heads and the body of a snake.

Xiang Yu said, " Books are only useful in helping me remember my name.

Xiang Yu said, " I can replace him.

It was said that Xiang Yu would leave behind a trail of destruction in the places he passed by, and the people of Guanzhong were greatly disappointed with him.

" Xiang Yu then committed suicide by slitting his throat with his sword, and a brawl broke out among the Han soldiers at the scene due to the reward offered by Liu Bang, and Xiang Yu's body was said to be dismembered and mutilated in the fight.

Mao Zedong once said about Duke Xiang's humanity in war: " We are not Duke Xiang of Song and have no use for his idiotic virtue and morality ".

Moser ( 1985 ) said that Xiang used to be part of a broad band of Chinese languages grouped with Wannan and Gan.

This new force became known as the Xiang Army, named after the Hunan region where it was raised.

The Xiang Army was a hybrid of local militia and a standing army.

Being a classically educated Mandarin his blueprint for the Xiang Army was taken from a historical source — the Ming general Qi Jiguang who, because of the weakness of regular Ming troops, had decided to form his own " private " army to repel raiding Japanese pirates in the mid-16th century.

Qi Jiguang's army was an ad hoc solution to the specific problem of combating pirates, as was Zeng Guofan's original intention for the Xiang Army, which was raise to eradicate the Taiping rebels.

As a reward, Zhuang's son, Duke Xiang, was sent eastward as the leader of a war expedition, during which he formally established the Qin.

For example, during the Warring States Period, Duke Xiang of Song was at war with the state of Chu, and had an opportunity to attack the enemy force, commanded by Zhu, while they were crossing a river.

Although Xiang Zhongfa was made secretary general of the Party, but was soon found incapable of fulfilling his role, so Zhou emerged as the de facto leader of the CCP.

The night before he was scheduled to leave Shanghai in June 1931, Xiang Zhongfa, who was one of Zhou's most senior agents, decided to spend the night in a hotel with his mistress, ignoring Zhou's warnings about the danger.

In the morning, a KMT informant who had been trailing Xiang spotted him as he was leaving the hotel.

Xiang was immediately arrested and imprisoned within the French Concession.

For example, the battle at Xiang River “ which the official history of the Long March identifies as the longest and most heroic battle of the entire campaign, was in fact a major defeat for the Communists, with casualties and desertions reducing the First Army from 86, 000 to 30, 000 people .”< ref > Pye, Lucian.

Xiang Lanxin, professor of international history and politics at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies, explains it thus: Historically, how to control local officials who possessed imperial lineage was always a problem.

One of the Eight Immortals, Philosopher Han Xiang ( 韓湘子 in pinyin: hán xiāng zi ) or Han Xiang Zi, in Wade-Giles as Han Hsiang Tzu, was born Han Xiang during the Tang Dynasty, and his courtesy name is Qingfu ( 清夫 qīng fū ).