Sharing the language and culture of the Shang, the early Zhou rulers, through conquest and colonization, established a large imperial territory wherein states as far as Shandong acknowledged Zhou rulership and took part in elite culture.

Other researchers not normally involved in the debate over bird origins, such as Zhou, acknowledged that the true affinities of Caudipteryx were debatable.

The Qin initially attempted to capitalize on the mistakes / errors made by the Zhou, by either eliminating the source of error or reforming it.

When the Soviet agent Pavel Mif arrived in Shanghai to lead the Comintern in China in December 1930, Mif criticized Li's strategy as " left adventurism ", and criticized Zhou for compromising with Li.

The ruler of the Zhou, King Wu, with the assistance of his brother, the Duke of Zhou, as regent, managed to defeat the Shang at the Battle of Muye.

In 1972, at the peak of the Sino-Soviet split, Mao and Zhou Enlai met Richard Nixon in Beijing to establish relations with the United States.

In around 500 BCE, after the Zhou state weakened and China moved into the Spring and Autumn Period, the classic period of Chinese philosophy began ( it is an interesting fact that this date nearly coincides with the emergence of the first Greek philosophers ).

Thus, texts like the Annals will often state whether the calendar they use ( the calendar of Lu ) is in phase with the Royal calendar ( used by the Zhou kings ).

Although tradition holds that in the Zhou, the year began on the new moon which preceded the winter solstice, the Spring and Autumn Annals seem to indicate that ( in Lu at least ) the Yin calendar ( the calendar used in Shang dynasty, with years beginning on the first new moon after the winter solstice ) was in use until the middle of the 7th century, and that the beginning of the year was shifted back one month around 650 BC.

Although divination with the I Ching is thought to have originated prior to the Shang Dynasty, it was not until King Wu of Zhou ( 1046 – 1043 BC ) that it took its present form.

CIA documents created at the time revealed that Nehru had ignored Burmese premier Ba Swe when he warned Nehru to be cautious when dealing with Zhou.

They also allege that Zhou purposefully told Nehru that there were no border issues with India.

In 1964, Zhou Enlai, worried about the escalation of U. S. forces in South Vietnam, made an informal agreement with the North.

Consumption of wines fortified with herbs and / or roots is believed to have begun in China at least as early as the Shang and Western Zhou dynastiesin ( 1250-1000BC ).

* 1178: Chinese writer Zhou Qufei, a Guangzhou customs officer, writes of an island far west in the Indian Ocean ( possibly Madagascar ), from where people with skin " as black as lacquer " and with frizzy hair were captured and purchased as slaves by Arab merchants.

The Northern Zhou ( 557 – 581 ) divisional militia ( fubing ) was continued by the Tang government, along with farmer-soldiers serving in rotation from the capital or frontier in order to receive appropriated farmland.

The Sui Dynasty began when Emperor Wen's daughter became the Empress Dowager of Northern Zhou, with her stepson as the new emperor.

According to Chinese legend, the Zhou lineage began with Emperor Ku and proceeded from him to Qi, Buku, Ju, and then Gongliu, before Gugong Danfu moved the Zhou clan from Bin ( 豳 or 邠 ) to an area in the Wei River valley, where they founded a town that became central to the Zhou clan's growing prosperity.

Though King Wu died just a few years after the Battle of Muye, the Duke of Zhou assisted the young and inexperienced King Cheng in consolidating power for the Ji line: he managed a war against rebellious Zhou princes in the eastern lowlands ( allied with feudal rulers and Shang remnants ); formulated the Mandate of Heaven doctrine to counter Shang claims to a divine right of rule ; founded Chengzhou as an eastern capital ; and set up the fengjian " feudal " system designed to maintain Zhou authority as it expanded its rule over a larger amount of territory.

However, this decentralized system became strained as the familial relationship between Zhou Kings and regional rulers thinned over generations and peripheral territories developed local power and prestige on par with that of the Zhou.

From King Ping's reign onwards, the Zhou kings ruled in name only, with true power lying in the hands of regional nobles.

Western writers often describe the Zhou period as " feudal " because the Zhou's early rule invites comparison with medieval rule in Europe.

Li Ssu, Prime Minister of the Qin Dynasty convinced Qin Shi Huang to abandon the Confucians ' recommendation of awarding fiefs akin to the Zhou Dynasty before them which he saw as counter to the Legalist idea of centralizing the state around the ruler.

The Chinese have a tradition of holding spectacular memorial ceremonies of Confucius () every year, using ceremonies that supposedly derived from Zhou Li () as recorded by Confucius, on the date of Confucius ' birth.

Wang Lequan, Wang Zhaoguo, Hui Liangyu, Liu Qi, Liu Yunshan, Li Changchun, Wu Yi, Wu Bangguo, Wu Guanzheng, Zhang Lichang, Zhang Dejiang, Luo Gan, Zhou Yongkang, Hu Jintao, Yu Zhengsheng, He Guoqiang, Jia Qinglin, Guo Boxiong, Cao Gangchuan, Zeng Qinghong, Zeng Peiyan, Wen Jiabao.

7th – 3rd centuries BCE ) pronunciations, reconstructions for 道 " way " and 道 / 導 " guide " are * d ' ôg ( Karlgren ), * dəw ( Zhou ), * dəgwx and * dəgwh ( Li Fanggui ), * luʔ ( Baxter ), and * lûʔ and * lûh ( Schuessler ).

* 681 BC: King Li of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.

* 677 BC: Death of King Li of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.

* Li Ezi, Chinese empress of Northern Zhou ( d. 588 )

* 878 BC: King Li of Zhou becomes King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.

* 841 BC: Death of King Li of Zhou, King of the Zhou Dynasty of China.

Two of China's most famous poets, Li Bai and Du Fu, belonged to this age, as did many famous painters such as Han Gan, Zhang Xuan, and Zhou Fang.

In 1938 Zhou adopted Li in Wuhan, during the Second Sino-Japanese War.

When the Kuomintang government abandoned Wuhan in 1939, Zhou brought Li to Chongqing, where Li was enrolled in middle school.

In 1941, when Li was twelve, Zhou sent Li to Yan ' an, where Li studied until 1945.

After Zhou's release, he and the Awakening Society met with several Beijing organizations and agreed to form a " Reform Federation "; during these activities Zhou became more familiar with Li Dazhao and met Zhang Shenfu, who was the contact between Li in Beijing and Chen Duxiu in Shanghai.

Zhou was recruited by Zhang Shenfu, whom he had met in August of the previous year in connection with Li Dazhao.

Zhou was sent to oversee the event, but the moving figures seem to have been Tan Pingshan and Li Lisan, while the main military figures were Ye Ting and He Long.

After reaching Hong Kong, Zhou was disguised as a businessman named " Li ", and entrusted to the care of local Communists.

* January 13 – Zhou Youguang, Chinese linguist

* January 8 – Zhou Enlai, Premier of the People's Republic of China ( b. 1898 )

* January 16 – Zhou Zuoren, Chinese writer ( d. 1967 )

On January 8, 1976, Zhou Enlai died of bladder cancer.

On January 15 Deng Xiaoping delivered Zhou's official eulogy in a funeral attended by all of China's most senior leaders with the notable absence of Mao himself, who had grown increasingly critical of Zhou.

According to Mao: The Unknown Story, an estimated 100, 000 people died in one of the worst factional struggles in Guangxi in January – April 1968, before Premier Zhou sent the PLA to intervene.

It does appear that their influence was in decline before Mao's death: when Zhou Enlai died in January 1976, he was succeeded not by one of the radicals but by the unknown Hua Guofeng.

Zhou Enlai ( pinyin: Zhōu Ēnlái ; Wade-Giles: Chou En-lai ; IPA: ; 5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976 ) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.

On 23 January 1920, a confrontation over boycott activities in Tianjin led to the arrest of a number of people, including several Awakening Society members, and on 29 January Zhou led a march on the Governor's Office in Tianjin to present a petition calling for the arrestees ' release.

In a letter to his cousin in 30 January 1921, Zhou said that his goals in Europe were to discover the social conditions in foreign countries and their methods of resolving social issues, for the purpose of later applying these lessons to China after his return.

In London on January 1929, Zhou witnessed a large miners ' strike and wrote a series of articles for the Yishi bao ( generally sympathetic to the miners ) examining the conflict between workers and employers, and the conflict's resolution.

Still interested in academic programs, Zhou traveled to Britain in January 1921 to visit Edinburgh University.

Zhou had kept in touch with Deng Yingchao, who he had met in the Awakening Society while in Tianjin ; and, in January 1925, Zhou asked for and received permission from CCP authorities to marry Deng.

In January 1976, Premier Zhou died of his cancer, prompting widespread mourning.

Upon Zhou Enlai's death in January 1976, Hua succeeded Zhou as Premier of the People's Republic of China.

Zhou Enlai died on 8 January 1976, at a time when Deng Xiaoping's moderate alliance was not yet strong enough to stand up to both the ailing Mao Zedong and his Cultural Revolution allies, the Gang of Four ( Jiang Qing, Zhang Chunqiao, Wang Hongwen, and Yao Wenyuan ).

The death of Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai on January 8, 1976, prompted the protest.

He organized the Shanghai Commune in January 1967, and in 1969, he was elevated to the CCP Politburo and in 1973, to Vice Chairman and third rank, behind Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai in the Central Committee Politburo Standing Committee.

However, Hua Guofeng was chosen to succeed Premier Zhou in January 1976.

They were introduced as early as January 1963: at the Conference on Scientific and Technological Work held in Shanghai that month, Zhou Enlai called for professionals in the sciences to realize " the Four Modernizations.