In the last interview before his death, Tolkien, after discussing the nature of Elves, briefly says of his Dwarves: " The dwarves of course are quite obviously, wouldn't you say that in many ways they remind you of the Jews?

In an interview Tolkien had in 1966 he added the following information on her:

In 1966, Tolkien referred to " cellar door " in an interview, using it as an example of the way in which words will shape his stories: " Supposing you say some quite ordinary words to me, ' cellar door ', say ," he said.

Tolkien Encyclopedia compares Tolkien's Father Christmas with L. Frank Baum's Santa Claus, as he appears in The Life and Adventures of Santa Claus:

The story has appeared with other works by Tolkien in omnibus editions, including The Tolkien Reader and Tales from the Perilous Realm.

Tolkien insists, tongue in cheek, that the village of Thame originally referred to the Tame Dragon housed in it, and that " tame with an h is a folly without warrant.

George R. R. Martin set the Ice and Fire story in an alternative world of Earth or a " secondary world ", such as J. R. R. Tolkien pioneered with Middle-earth.

J. R. R. Tolkien, in the legendarium surrounding his Elves, uses " Gnomes " as a name of the Noldor, the most gifted and technologically minded of his elvish races, in conscious exploitation of the similarity with gnomic ; Gnomes is thus Tolkien's English loan-translation of Quenya Noldor, " those with knowledge ".

Tolkien himself might have disagreed with an allegorical interpretation.

This allowed him to participate in gatherings of the Inklings with Lewis and Tolkien.

On Fairy-Stories was subsequently published with Leaf by Niggle in Tree and Leaf, as well as in The Tolkien Reader, published in 1966.

Tolkien emphasizes that through the use of fantasy, which he equates with fancy and imagination, the author can bring the reader to experience a world which is consistent and rational, under rules other than those of the normal world.

This concept, which shares much in common with phenomenology, Tolkien calls " recovery ," in the sense that one's unquestioned assumptions might be recovered and changed by an outside perspective.

The book, featuring a text in Middle English with extensive scholarly notes, is frequently confused with the translation into Modern English that Tolkien prepared, along with translations of Pearl and Sir Orfeo, late in his life.

The general form — that of a journey into strange lands, told in a light-hearted mood and interspersed with songs — may be following the model of The Icelandic Journals by William Morris, an important literary influence on Tolkien.

Tolkien is credited with being the first critic to expound on Beowulf as a literary work with value beyond merely historical, and his 1936 lecture Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics is still required reading for students of Anglo-Saxon.

Auden was later to correspond with Tolkien, and they became friends.

Tolkien wrote the later story in much less humorous tones and infused it with more complex moral and philosophical themes.

* The following samples presumably predate the Lord of the Rings, but they were not explicitly dated: DTS 16, DTS 17, DTS 18 – Elvish Script Sample I, II, III, with parts of the English poems Errantry and Bombadil, first published in the Silmarillion Calendar 1978, later in Pictures by J. R. R. Tolkien, as well as DTS 23 – So Lúthien, a page of the English Lay of Leithan text facsimiled in The Lays of Beleriand: 299.

J. R. R. Tolkien is one of many scholars who have studied and promoted the Mercian dialect of Old English, and introduced various Mercian terms into his legendarium – especially in relation to the Kingdom of Rohan, otherwise known as the Mark ( a name cognate with Mercia ).

In his essay " On Fairy-Stories ", J. R. R. Tolkien agreed with the exclusion of " fairies " from the definition, defining fairy tales as stories about the adventures of men in Faërie, the land of fairies, fairytale princes and princesses, dwarves, elves, and not only other magical species but many other marvels.

Tolkien was then already familiar with Latin, Greek, Spanish, and several ancient Germanic languages, Gothic, Old Norse and Old English.

Tolkien wrote, many years later: " it was like discovering a complete wine-cellar filled with bottles of an amazing wine of a kind and flavour never tasted before.

Many Power metal bands based their concept albums on fantasy books and national epics ; for example Blind Guardian based their Nightfall in Middle-Earth on The Silmarillion by Tolkien and Kamelot based Epica and The Black Halo on Goethe's Faust.

Lewis, Madeleine L ' Engle, J. R. Tolkien, George MacDonald, G. K. Chesterton, Charles Williams, Dante Alighieri, John Bunyan, Walter Wangerin, Robert Siegel, and Hannah Hurnard.

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** John Ronald Reuel Tolkien marries Edith Bratt ( they would serve as the inspiration for the fictional characters Lúthien and Beren ).

* January 21 – Edith Bratt, English wife of John Ronald Reuel Tolkien ( d. 1971 )

Additionally, Tolkien illustrators John Howe and Alan Lee, employed as conceptual designers for the films, have cameos as two of the nine human Ring-bearers ( the future Nazgûl ).

* John Benjamin Tolkien, grandfather of writer J. R. R. Tolkien

This led to a further re-flowering-in the Depression and war years between 1930 and 1955-and this can be seen in the work of: artists such as John Piper ; John Tunnard, David Jones ; Graham Sutherland ; John Craxton ; John Minton ; Stanley Spencer ; Eric Ravilious ; Robin Tanner ; Bettina Shaw-Lawrence ; writers such as John Cowper Powys ; J. R. R. Tolkien ; Mervyn Peake ; C. S. Lewis ; Arthur Machen ; T. H. White ; Dylan Thomas ; Geoffrey Grigson ; and Herbert Read ; film-makers such as Humphrey Jennings ; Powell and Pressburger ( e. g.: A Canterbury Tale, 1944 and Gone to Earth, 1950 ); and photographers such as Edwin Smith ; Roger Mayne ; and John Deakin.