The Aral sea in 2003 with visible shrinkage

Due to the ongoing shrinkage of the Aral, it became a peninsula in mid-2001 and finally part of the mainland.

" Due to Arctic shrinkage, the Beluga group of Bremen, Germany, sent the first Western commercial vessels through the Northern Sea Route ( Northeast Passage ) in 2009.

File: 2007 Arctic Sea Ice. jpg | An image of Arctic shrinkage from Aqua observations

A number of harmful and undesired ( adverse ) effects have been observed, including lowered life expectancy, extrapyramidal effects on motor control – including akathisia ( an inability to sit still ), trembling, and muscle weakness – weight gain, decrease in brain volume ( although this is being debated, since schizophrenia, which is often treated with antipsychotics, also causes a shrinkage of brain volume ), enlarged breasts ( gynecomastia ) in men and milk discharge in men and women ( galactorrhea due to hyperprolactinaemia ), lowered white blood cell count ( agranulocytosis ), involuntary repetitive body movements ( tardive dyskinesia ), diabetes, sexual dysfunction, a return of psychosis requiring increasing the dosage due to cells producing more neurochemicals to compensate for the drugs ( tardive psychosis ), and a potential for permanent chemical dependence leading to psychosis worse than before treatment began, if the drug dosage is ever lowered or stopped ( tardive dysphrenia ).

Expansive cements contain, in addition to Portland clinker, expansive clinkers ( usually sulfoaluminate clinkers ), and are designed to offset the effects of drying shrinkage that is normally encountered with hydraulic cements.

It modern terms this is called quarter sawn timber and has the least natural shrinkage of any cut section of wood.

Other methods include shrinkage stope mining which is mining upward creating a sloping underground room, long wall mining which is grinding a long ore surface underground and room and pillar which is removing ore from rooms while leaving pillars in place to support the roof of the room.

Because air-drying causes collapse and shrinkage, this is commonly achieved by replacement of water in the cells with organic solvents such as ethanol or acetone, and replacement of these solvents in turn with a transitional fluid such as liquid carbon dioxide by critical point drying.

A xerogel () is a solid formed from a gel by drying with unhindered shrinkage.

It is smaller in diameter to the traditional mortadella de Bologna because it has been smoked causing some shrinkage.

There is, however, a reliable relationship between the size of the hippocampus and memory performance — meaning that not all elderly people show hippocampal shrinkage, but those who do tend to perform less well on some memory tasks.

There is a shrinkage from fifty sites to fifteen in the early twelfth century, and then to fewer in the eleventh century.

After being crafted into an article of clothing, most denim is washed to make it softer and to reduce or eliminate shrinkage, which could cause an item to not fit after the owner washes it.

As the tadpoles mature they develop legs ( front first ), and the growth and use of their lungs is matched by a gradual shrinkage of the gills.

Plywood is used instead of plain wood because of its resistance to cracking, shrinkage, splitting, and twisting / warping, and its general high degree of strength.

An alternative regularized version of least squares is LASSO ( least absolute shrinkage and selection operator ), which uses the constraint that, the L < sup > 1 </ sup >- norm of the parameter vector, is no greater than a given value.

A senile cataract, occurring in the elderly, is characterized by an initial opacity in the lens, subsequent swelling of the lens and final shrinkage with complete loss of transparency.

While lumber from a harvested tree is no longer alive, these tissues still absorb and expel water causing swelling and shrinkage of the wood in kind with change in humidity.

This efficiency is characterized by its increased hydrothermal stability of the skin, and its resistance to shrinkage in heated water.

In fact, sinterisation is associated to a remarkable shrinkage of the material because glass phases flow, once their transition temperature is reached, and start consolidating the powdery structure and considerably reducing the porosity of the material.

Comb shrinkage can lead to cracks in the combs due to the combs being held immobile by nails, resulting in disabling leakage.

Since write-offs and savings rates both spike in recessions, both of which result in shrinkage of credit, the resulting drop in aggregate demand can worsen and perpetuate the recession in a vicious cycle.

Deforestation and shifting cultivation in the catchment areas have accelerated the process of soil erosion resulting in the lake ’ s shrinkage due to siltation.

* The range of wild pigs underwent intense shrinkage between the middle of the 19th century and the 1930s due to thoughtless hunting, natural calamities such as floods and fires, and diseases such as swine fever and foot-and-mouth disease, which caused large and rapid die-offs.

; Atterberg Limits: Liquid limit, plastic limit, and shrinkage limit.

His first priority was an effective navy, including steam frigates, and in the second place a standing army of adequate size ; and as further preparation for emergency " great permanent roads ," " a certain encouragement " to manufactures, and a system of internal taxation which would not be subject like customs duties to collapse by a war-time shrinkage of maritime trade.

Shoplifting ( also known as boosting ; five-finger discount, or shrinkage within the retail industry ) is theft of goods from a retail establishment.

A number of mechanisms, i. e. the dehydration of clay-rich, gel-rich, or organic-rich cores ; shrinkage of the concretion's center ; expansion of gases produced by the decay of organic matter ; brittle fracturing or shrinkage of the concretion interior by either earthquakes or compaction ; and others, have been proposed for the formation of septaria ( Pratt 2001 ).

His methods remained very traditional ; the only innovations he added were using a tractor to mix the cob itself, and adding sand or shillet ( a gravel of crushed shale ) to reduce the shrinkage.

The wood is ranked moderate in heaviness, hardness and stiffness ; moderately low in shrinkage, bending and compression strength ; it is ranked moderately high in shock resistance.

Levi's popular shrink-to-fit 501s were sold in a unique sizing arrangement ; the indicated size referred to the size of the jeans prior to shrinking, and the shrinkage was substantial.

Shrunken heads are known for their mandibular prognathism, facial distortion and shrinkage of the lateral sides of the forehead ; these are artifacts of the shrinking process.

The state did little but to provide a 15 % income supplement to those living in the Sperrzone and Schutzstreifen ; but this did not halt the shrinkage of the border population as younger people moved elsewhere to find employment and better living conditions.

* high salinity, which causes water to diffuse from the plant cells and induce shrinkage ;

The slip used in slip casting is often liquified with a substance that reduces the need for additional water to soften the slip ; this prevents excessive shrinkage which occurs when a piece containing a lot of water dries.

In fact, population momentum can become negative if fertility rates are under replacement for long enough ; in coming decades, for example, some Eastern European countries would show population shrinkage even if their birth rates recovered to replacement level.

Bronze in particular has a high shrinkage rate as it is cooling ; a sprue can continue to provide molten metal to the casting, provided it is large enough to retain its heat and stay liquid, as metal in the main casting cools and shrinks.

Though these lands were lower than the peat fens before the peat shrinkage began, the more stable silt soils were reclaimed by medieval farmers and embanked against any floods coming down from the peat areas or from the sea.

All of these approaches rely on the concept of shrinkage.

However, when planning ahead for expected unpredictabilities, these " error margins " are usually assigned other, more specific names: for instance in warehouse stock control, where a certain amount of stock is expected to disappear naturally through damage, pilfering or other unexplained problems, the discrepancy is referred to as shrinkage.

Elder and Kennedy ( 2001 ) present a simple testing strategy that avoids double and triple testing for the unit root that can occur with other testing strategies, and discusses how to use prior knowledge about the existence or not of long-run growth ( or shrinkage ) in y. Hacker and Hatemi-J ( 2010 ) provide simulation results on these matters, including simulations covering the Enders ( 2004 ) and Elder and Kennedy ( 2001 ) unit-root testing strategies.