Cheng Yi followed this interpretation, elaborating on this perspective of Dao through teachings about yin-yang interactions, the cultivation and preservation of life ; and the axiom of a morally just universe.

They were collected by Daoist monks of the period in an attempt to bring together all of the teachings of Daoism, including all the commentaries and expositions of the various masters from the original teachings found in the Dao De Jing and Zhuangzi.

Among these are treatises such as the Shikand-gumanic Vichar by Mardan-Farrux Ohrmazddadan, selections of Denkard, Wizidagīhā-ī Zātspram (" Selections of Zātspram ") as well as older passages of the book Avesta, the Gathas which are attributed to Zarathustra himself and regarded as his " direct teachings ".

Among the teachings of Jesus Christ in the Gospel of Luke and the Gospel of Matthew, the message to his followers that one should " Turn the other cheek " and his example in the story Pericope Adulterae, in which Jesus intervenes in the stoning of an adulteress, are generally accepted as his condemnation of physical retaliation ( though most scholars agree that the latter passage was " certainly not part of the original text of St John's Gospel ") More militant Christians consider Romans 13: 3 – 4 to support the death penalty.

The Reformed churches, following the teachings of John Calvin, believe in an immaterial, spiritual ( or " pneumatic ") presence of Christ by the power of the Holy Spirit and received by faith.

The Hussites ( or Kališníci ; " Chalice People ") were a Christian movement following the teachings of Czech reformer Jan Hus ( c. 1369 – 1415 ), who became one of the forerunners of the Protestant Reformation.

Theophilus had disciplined four Egyptian monks ( known as " the Tall Brothers ") over their support of Origen's teachings.

Nestorius ' teachings brought him into conflict with some other prominent church leaders, most notably Cyril of Alexandria, who criticized especially his rejection of the title Theotokos (" Bringer forth of God ") for the Virgin Mary.

His leadership, influence and legacy led to the formation of communities dominated by Gentile groups that worshiped the God of Israel, adhered to the " Judaic moral code ", but relaxed or abandoned the ritual and dietary teachings of the Law of Moses, that these laws and rituals had either been fulfilled in the life of Christ or were symbolic precursors of Christ, all on the basis of Paul's teachings of the life and works of Jesus Christ and his teaching of a New Covenant ( or " new testament ") established through Jesus ' death and resurrection.

The Tetragrammaton was written in contrasting Paleo-Hebrew characters in some of the oldest surviving square Aramaic Hebrew texts, and were not read as Adonai (" My Lord ") until after the Rabbinic teachings after Israel went into Babylonian captivity.

Other adherents to the teachings of Epicurus included the poet Horace, whose famous statement Carpe Diem (" Seize the Day ") illustrates the philosophy, as well as Lucretius, as he showed in his De Rerum Natura.

Contention over Nestorius ' teachings, which he developed during his studies at the School of Antioch, largely revolved around his rejection of the long-used title Theotokos (" Mother of God ") for the Virgin Mary.

His teachings included a rejection of the long-used title of Theotokos (" Mother of God ") for the Virgin Mary, and were understood by many to imply that he did not believe that Christ was truly God.

Yeshiva University ’ s undergraduate schools — Yeshiva College, Stern College for Women, and Syms School of Business " offer a unique dual curriculum inspired by Modern-Centrist-Orthodox Judaism's hashkafa ( philosophy ) of Torah Umadda (" Torah and secular knowledge ") combining the finest, contemporary academic education with the timeless teachings of Torah .”

Discipline for violating church teachings gradually subsided as the earlier emphasis upon unity of practice ( the " order of the Brethren ") gave way during the 1920s and 1930s to an emphasis upon individual moral autonomy.

An iconoclast, Jesus broke with established Jewish theological dogmas and social conventions both in his teachings and behaviors, often by turning common-sense ideas upside down, confounding the expectations of his audience: He preached of " Heaven's imperial rule " ( traditionally translated as " Kingdom of God ") as being already present but unseen ; he depicts God as a loving father ; he fraternizes with outsiders and criticizes insiders.

In the course of Muhammad's proselytizing in Makkah / Mecca, he initially viewed Christians and Jews ( both of whom he referred to as " People of the Book ") as natural allies, sharing the core principles of his teachings, and anticipated their acceptance and support.

Chögyam Trungpa was also trained in the Nyingma tradition, the oldest of the four schools, and was an adherent of the ri-mé (" nonsectarian ") ecumenical movement within Tibetan Buddhism, which aspired to bring together and make available all the valuable teachings of the different schools, free of sectarian rivalry.

At this time, the terms Vajrayāna (" Diamond Vehicle ") and Mantrayāna (" Mantra Vehicle ") were not used for esoteric Buddhist teachings.

The schools of Nichiren Buddhism trace themselves to the monk Nichiren ( 日蓮: " Sun-Lotus ") and the proclamation of his teachings in 1253.

Another prominent feature of Rebbe Nachman's teachings is his Tikkun HaKlali (" General Rectification " or " General Remedy ") for spiritual correction.

As the primary source for this doctrine, Mormon Christians look largely to the teachings of their modern ( or what they refer to as " latter-day ") prophets.

He followed the dualistic Neo-Confucianism teachings of Chu Hsi, which views i ( Chinese " li ") and gi ( Chinese " qi ") as the forces of foundation of the universe.

* 1521 – Trial of Martin Luther over his teachings begins during the assembly of the Diet of Worms.

Rather than being written as history, the Deuteronomistic history – Deuteronomy, Joshua, Judges, Samuel and Kings – was intended to illustrate a theological scheme in which Israel and her leaders are judged by their obedience to the teachings and laws ( the covenant ) set down in the book of Deuteronomy.

Treatment of eschatology continued in the West in the teachings of Tertullian ( c. 160 – 225 ), and was given fuller reflection and speculation soon after by Origen ( c. 185 – 254 ).

Many scholars have argued that Matthew is simply an expanded version of Mark, but it is also a creative reinterpretation of the source, stressing Jesus ' teachings as much as his acts, and making subtle changes in order to stress Jesus ' divine nature – Mark's " young man " who appears at Jesus ' tomb, for example, becomes a radiant angel in Matthew.

Though his sources on Gnosticism were secondary, since the texts in the Nag Hammadi library were not yet widely available, Eric Voegelin ( 1901 – 1985 ), partially building on the concept of gnosis as used by Plato and the followers of Gnosticism, along with how it was defined by Hans Jonas, defined the gnosis of the followers of Gnosticism as religious philosophical teachings that are the foundations of cults.

Epicureanism is a system of philosophy based upon the teachings of Epicurus ( c. 341 – c.

While teaching ( 1589 – 92 ) at the University of Pisa, he initiated his experiments concerning the laws of bodies in motion, which brought results so contradictory to the accepted teachings of Aristotle that strong antagonism was aroused.

( Life and teachings of Elder Ephraim ( 1912 – 1998 ) of Katounakia, Mt Athos, a disciple of Elder Joseph the Hesychast.

( Life and teachings of Elder Charalambos ( 1910 – 2001 ), sometime Abbot of the Monastery of Dionysiou, Mt Athos, and a disciple of Elder Joseph the Hesychast.

Other luminaries include Keith Johnstone, the British teacher and writer – author of Impro, who founded the Theatre Machine and whose teachings form the foundation of the popular shortform Theatresports format, Dick Chudnow, founder of ComedySportz which evolved its family-friendly show format from Johnstone's Theatersports, Stan Wells, creator of the " Clap-In " longform style and founder of The Empty Stage Comedy Theatre in Los Angeles, and Bill Johnson, creator / director of The Magic Meathands, who pioneered the concept of " Commun-edy Outreach " by tailoring performances to non-traditional audiences, such as the homeless and foster children.

Lutheran teachings became popular during the 16th century, and Malmö was one of the first cities in Scandinavia to fully convert ( 1527 – 29 ).

* the Adam – God teachings taught by Brigham Young and other early leaders of the LDS Church ( repudiated by the LDS Church in the mid-20th century );

Other forms loosely based on Gardner's teachings are Faery Wicca, Kemetic Wicca, Judeo-Paganism or " jewitchery ", Dianic Wicca or " Feminist Wicca " – which emphasizes the divine feminine, often creating women-only or lesbian-only groups.

The fourth figure was George Gurdjieff ( c. 1872 – 1949 ), who founded the philosophy of the Fourth Way, through which he conveyed a number of spiritual teachings to his disciples.

Nichiren Buddhism ( 日蓮系諸宗派: Nichiren-kei sho shūha ) is a branch of Mahāyāna Buddhism based on the teachings of the 13th century Japanese Buddhist reformer Nichiren ( 1222 – 1282 ).

Sometimes, although rarely, the compound terms " Marxism – Leninism – Stalinism " ( used by the Brazilian MR-8 ), or teachings of Marx / Engels / Lenin / Stalin, are used to show the alleged heritage and succession.

Prince Nikolai Sergeyevich Troubetzkoy ( also Trubetskoy ; Russian: ; Moscow, April 16, 1890 – Vienna, June 25, 1938 ) was a Russian linguist and historian whose teachings formed a nucleus of the Prague School of structural linguistics.

* August 27 – Advice and citizenry of Hildesheim ( Germany ) profess themselves to the Lutheran teachings.

* March 27 – Pope John XXII condemns some teachings of Meister Eckhart as heretical.