Nor would it be possible in many cases for them to live in health or any effectiveness on what their counterparts abroad are paid.

Some doubts have been raised about the long-term effectiveness of antipsychotics for schizophrenia, in part because two large international World Health Organization studies found individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia tend to have better long-term outcomes in developing countries ( where there is lower availability and use of antipsychotics and mental health problems are treated with more informal, community-led methods only ) than in developed countries.

Chronic Chagas disease remains a major health problem in many Latin American countries, despite the effectiveness of hygienic and preventive measures, such as eliminating the transmitting insects.

A review of the literature regarding benzodiazepine hypnotic and Z drugs concluded that these drugs caused an unjustifiable risk to the individual and to public health, and lack evidence of long-term effectiveness due to tolerance.

In addition, IQ and its correlation to health, violent crime, gross state product, and government effectiveness are the subject of a 2006 paper in the publication Intelligence.

In McGowan v. Maryland ( 1961 ), the Supreme Court of the United States held that contemporary Maryland blue laws ( typically, Sunday rest laws ) were intended to promote the secular values of " health, safety, recreation, and general well-being " through a common day of rest, and that this day coinciding with majority Christian Sabbath neither reduces its effectiveness for secular purposes nor prevents adherents of other religions from observing their own holy days.

; and that there is strong evidence supporting the effectiveness of standing orders, which allow healthcare workers without prescription authority to administer vaccine as a public health intervention aimed at increasing vaccination rates.

Partners work together to put international principles for aid effectiveness and development cooperation into practice in the health sector.

Proponents have argued that outpatient commitment improves mental health, increases the effectiveness of treatment, and reduces costs.

A further review of the literature regarding benzodiazepine hypnotic as well as the nonbenzodiazepines concluded that these drugs cause an unjustifiable risk to the individual and to public health and lack evidence of long-term effectiveness.

The range of scholarly interest in creativity includes a multitude of definitions and approaches involving several disciplines ; psychology, cognitive science, education, philosophy ( particularly philosophy of science ), technology, theology, sociology, linguistics, business studies, and economics, taking in the relationship between creativity and general intelligence, mental and neurological processes associated with creativity, the relationships between personality type and creative ability and between creativity and mental health, the potential for fostering creativity through education and training, especially as augmented by technology, and the application of creative resources to improve the effectiveness of learning and teaching processes.

Although colloidal silver products are legally available at health food stores in the United States and Australia and are marketed over the Internet as a dietary supplement, it is illegal in the U. S. and Australia for marketers to make claims of medical effectiveness for colloidal silver.

These activities are pursued in the interest of the consumer and public health, to prevent unnecessary duplication of clinical trials in humans and to minimize the use of animal testing without compromising the regulatory obligations of safety and effectiveness.

Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and health care.

Crime statistics and other data ( e. g. health and education ) that could be deemed to assess the effectiveness of government policies often attract media scepticism.

The standards are meant to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the nation's health care system by encouraging the widespread use of electronic data interchange in the U. S. health care system.

* reminding people of the advantages in terms of health and of effectiveness of using the bicycle

By comparing the cost effectiveness in terms of health quality gained for the money spent.

They may focus on social sciences or health services research, for example, investigate the impact of health policies or behaviour change, or evaluate program effectiveness.

As a consequence of his attempting to return too quickly, poor health and poor form limited his subsequent appearances and effectiveness ; by the middle of August he had scored a total of just 73 runs.

Its agenda includes funding dental research into the safety and effectiveness of amalgam and fluoride, supporting student loans and residency programs for future dentists, increased dental coverage from Medicaid and CHIP programs, reducing dental costs through reform of insurance and medical liability and through health information technology, and improving public health through water fluoridation, tobacco control, and disaster planning and response.

* Evaluate the safety, efficiency, and effectiveness of biomedical equipment.

# Class III devices generally require premarket approval ( PMA ) or premarket notification ( 510k ), a scientific review to ensure the device's safety and effectiveness, in addition to the general controls of Class I.

Number needed to treat or Number needed to harm are ways of expressing the effectiveness and safety of an intervention in a way that is clinically meaningful.

Data is also limited with regard to long-term effects of nonbenzodiazepines ; further research into the safety and long-term effectiveness of nonbenzodiazepines has been recommended in a review of the literature.

Since there was no federal regulation in the USA concerning safety and effectiveness of drugs until the 1906 Food and Drugs Act and various medicine salesmen or manufacturers seldom had enough skills in analytical chemistry to analyze the contents of snake oil, it became the archetype of hoax.

Concern has been voiced about the new contractor's effectiveness in correcting the perceived problems in safety, security and financial management that were cited as the reasons for bidding the contract, and Bechtel's lack of transparency ( as a private corporation ) and increasing control of national nuclear facilities.

Its authors concluded, " Existing evidence on the safety and effectiveness of MMR vaccine supports current policies of mass immunisation aimed at global measles eradication and in order to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with mumps and rubella.

* Health TA ( HTA ): A specialised type of expert TA informing policy makers about efficacy, safety and cost effectiveness issues of pharmaceuticals and medical treatments, see article on Health Technology Assessment.

The effectiveness and safety of silicone sheeting for the treatment and prevention of scars is supported by an abundance of clinical studies.

* Abdul-Ghani RA, Loutfy N, Hassan A. Myrrh and trematodoses in Egypt: An overview of safety, efficacy and effectiveness profiles.

There is an extensive body of clinical data demonstrating the safety and effectiveness of TMS in treating major depression in patients who have not received benefit from antidepressant medication including 2 randomized, controlled multicenter trials, 2 open-label extension studies, and a 6 month post-treatment durability study.

In July 2011 the FDA published a final rule in the Federal Register that classified the rTMS system into class II ( special controls ) ( see: Medical device # Classification ) " in order to provide a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of these devices ".

In August 1999, the FDA banned colloidal silver sellers from claiming any therapeutic or preventive value for the product, noting colloidal silver was being marketed for numerous diseases without evidence of safety or effectiveness.

Since then, features of HV clothing such as the EN510 quick release standard and the EN471 High Visibility standard, have improved the effectiveness and contributed to improved safety for rail workers.

It dramatically demonstrated the effectiveness of modern car safety design, over 1950s design, particularly of rigid passenger safety cells and crumple zones.

After-market suppliers claim ( i ) that VGs lower stall speed and reduce take-off and landing speeds, and ( ii ) that VGs increase the effectiveness of ailerons, elevators and rudders, thereby improving controllability and safety at low speeds.

* Assess the safety and effectiveness of a new medication or device on a specific kind of patient ( e. g., patients who have been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease )

* Assess the safety and effectiveness of a different dose of a medication than is commonly used ( e. g., 10-mg dose instead of 5-mg dose )

* Assess the safety and effectiveness of an already marketed medication or device for a new indication, i. e. a disease for which the drug is not specifically approved

* Children and the elderly – The safety and effectiveness of lorazepam is not well determined in children under 18 years of age, but it is used to treat acute seizures.

Evidence on its safety is strong, but there are still doubts about its effectiveness.