Polish independence had boosted the development of thriving culture and intellectual achievement was high, but the Great Depression brought huge unemployment and increased social tensions, including rising antisemitism.

This novel joint venture between NCA & T and UNCG is designed to facilitate collaborations between world-class researchers and businesses – to move scientific discoveries from the lab to the marketplace benefitting the local community, region, and North Carolina by transforming cutting-edge intellectual properties into thriving business ventures.

The American Enlightenment is the intellectual thriving period in America in the mid-to-late 18th century ( 1715 – 1789 ), especially as it relates to American Revolution on the one hand and the European Enlightenment on the other.

The works of Petrarch first displayed the new interest in the intellectual values of the Classical world in the early 14th century and the romance of this era as rediscovered in the Renaissance period can be seen expressed by Boccaccio.

During this period the Muslim world became an intellectual centre for science, philosophy, medicine and education as the Abbasids championed the cause of knowledge and established the " House of Wisdom " ( Arabic: بيت الحكمة ) in Baghdad.

These represent the most intellectual type of chamber-music of their period, and it is to be regretted that they have remained almost entirely in manuscript, since a careful study of them is indispensable to anyone who wishes to form an adequate idea of Scarlatti's development.

The Hundred Schools of Thought of Chinese philosophy blossomed during this period, and such influential intellectual movements as Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism and Mohism were founded, partly in response to the changing political world.

The majority of traditional Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States eras, during a period known as the " Hundred Schools of Thought ", which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments.

In this period also started the penetration of Western culture, but most Chinese thought that the Westerners were maybe more advanced in technology and warfare, but that China had primacy in moral and intellectual fields.

The last decades of the independent Commonwealth existence were characterized by intense reform movements and far-reaching progress in the areas of education, intellectual life, art, and especially toward the end of the period, evolution of the social and political system.

This period, witnessing a Hindu religious and intellectual resurgence, is known among its admirers as the " Golden Age of India ".

During his period as Chancellor, he made Carl Schmitt his regular intellectual companion ( also a 1933 NSDAP late joiner, Francisco Franco apologist, and hyperactive anti-Jewish Nazi intellectual until falling out of Nazi grace in 1936 ).

: set forth one of the first expansive theoretical treatments of Postmodernism as a historical period, intellectual trend and social phenomenon in a series of lectures at the Whitney Museum, later expanded as Postmodernism, or The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism ( 1991 ).

The continuity thesis is the hypothesis that there was no radical discontinuity between the intellectual development of the Middle Ages and the developments in the Renaissance and early modern period.

The long struggle between emperor and pope hurt the Holy Roman Empire's intellectual life, in this period largely confined to monasteries, and the empire no longer led or even kept pace with developments occurring in France and Italy.

This period is frequently cited as one of those with the highest level of intellectual production in human history ; Germany was the country with the most advanced science, technology, literature, philosophy and art.

Yale was swept up by the great intellectual movements of the period — the Great Awakening and the Enlightenment — thanks to the religious and scientific interests of presidents Thomas Clap and Ezra Stiles.

A period of intense museum building, in both an intellectual and physical sense was realized in the late 19th and early 20th centuries ( this is often called " The Museum Period " or " The Museum Age ").

Eriugena was the most significant Irish intellectual of the early monastic period, and an outstanding philosopher in terms of originality.

The universities developed in the large cities of Europe during this period, and rival clerical orders within the church began to battle for political and intellectual control over these centers of educational life.

Safavid rule was a period of intellectual flowering among the Shia theological elite, with Bahrain's seminaries producing such theorists as Sheikh Yusuf Al Bahrani.

The Eastern Zhou period is also designated as the period of the Hundred Schools of Thought, a golden age of influential cultural and intellectual expansion facilitated by relative freedom of expression.

His intellectual energy in this period of his life was devoted to the composition of the Inni sacri, a series of sacred lyrics, and of a treatise on Catholic morality, Osservazioni sulla morale cattolica, a task undertaken under religious guidance, in reparation for his early lapse from faith.

" Optimism is the keynote to Mao ’ s intellectual orientation in the post-1949 period.

Jan Hus ' theological writing first appears at the beginning of the 15th century ; he wrote first in Latin, later in Czech, and this divide remained for much of the later period: poetry and intellectual prose used primarily Latin, whereas popular prose was written in Czech or German.

Hans' student days were at a time when Europe was in a new intellectual ferment following the revolutions in America and in France, Germany and Italy were rising from divisive nationalisms and a strong wave of intellectual awareness was sweeping the Continent.

The Screen Actors Guild, Writers Guild of America, East and the Writers Guild of America, West are capable of exercising very strong control in Hollywood because a very strong and rigid system of intellectual property rights exists.

Other recent developments in intellectual property law, such as the America Invents Act, stress international harmonization.

Pocock explained the intellectual sources in America:

As a result of a pending trade war with the United States of America over violations of intellectual property rights of American corporations in the early 1990s, the People's Republic of China's trademark law has been modified and now offers significant protections to foreign trademark owners.

In other words, on the continent of Europe, dialectics has entered intellectual culture as what might be called a legitimate part of thought and philosophy, whereas in America and Britain, the dialectic plays no discernible part in the intellectual culture, which instead tends toward positivism.

Echoing Senator Roman Hruska's famous 1970 speech in defense of Harrold Carswell, Coats said to CNN regarding the nomination: " If a great intellectual powerhouse is a qualification to be a member of the court and represent the American people and the wishes of the American people and to interpret the Constitution, then I think we have a court so skewed on the intellectual side that we may not be getting representation of America as a whole.

* Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik-Known as " The Rav ", he was effectively the spiritual and intellectual guide of Modern Orthodoxy in America for the mid-20th century.

In 1924, Alfred Richard Orage, a British intellectual, the editor of the magazine, The New Age, was appointed by Gurdjieff as the assistant of another old follower of Gurdjieff to lead study groups in America, but due to Gurdjieff ’ s nearly fatal automobile accident, the one who was supposed to lead the groups never went to US and Orage decided to lead the groups on his own initiation.

The Claremont Colleges are a unique consortium that the Fiske Guide called " a collection of intellectual resources unmatched in America.

Moyers also referred to what historian Clinton Rossiter called the period of " the great train robbery of American intellectual history ," when " conservatives — or better, pro-corporate apologists " began using terms such as " progress ", " opportunity ", and " individualism " in order to make " the plunder of America sound like divine right.

His article, “ On a Certain Impatience with Latin America ”, created the anticommunist intellectual framework that justified U. S. policy towards Latin America in the Cold War era.

Norman Fiering, a specialist in the intellectual history of colonial New England, has described Francis Hutcheson as “ probably the most influential and respected moral philosopher in America in the eighteenth century .” Hutcheson's early Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue, introducing his perennial association of " unalienable rights " with the collective right to resist oppressive government, was used at Harvard College as a textbook as early as the 1730s.

: National Review stands athwart history, yelling Stop, at a time when no one is inclined to do so, or to have much patience with those who so urge it … it is out of place because, in its maturity, literate America rejected conservatism in favor of radical social experimentation … since ideas rule the world, the ideologues, having won over the intellectual class, simply walked in and started to … run just about everything.

This tradition was prominent in the intellectual life of 16th-century Italy, as well as seventeenth-and 18th-century Britain and America ; indeed the term " virtue " appears frequently in the work of Niccolò Machiavelli, David Hume, the republicans of the English Civil War period, the 18th-century English Whigs, and the prominent figures among the Scottish Enlightenment and the American Founding Fathers.

He has also become a well-known television personality and familiar public intellectual in Britain and the United States of America.

According to reviews of the 1992 book, Heaven on Earth – Dispatches from America ’ s Spiritual Frontier, author and reporter Michael D ' Antonio found the MIU physics department to be teaching theories that he believed were " dead wrong " charged that they had taken Transcendental Meditation " into a grandiose narcissistic dream, a form of intellectual bondage, that they call enlightenment ".

In the end, he pinned all his hopes for a better future on the intellectual traditions of Europe rather than those of America, for " in the strength of her thought, only Europe is capable of self-criticism ... only Europe has produced a Reformation, a Renaissance, an Enlightenment ".

His principal scholarly works were his 1936 biography of Theodore Parker ; his intellectual history The American Mind: An Interpretation of American Thought and Character since the 1880s ( 1950 ), which focuses on the evolution of liberalism in the American political mind from the 1880s to the 1940s ; and his intellectual history Empire of Reason: How Europe Imagined and America Realized the Enlightenment ( 1977 ).