* 1782 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks – the last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Charles Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown.

His restless and turbulent nature marked him out for a military career ; and having collected a small band of soldiers, he assisted Emperor Charles V in his war with France in 1543.

The dispute was referred to Emperor Charles V and other princes, but as no settlement was reached Albert continued his efforts to obtain help in view of a renewal of the war.

Some scholars see this war as destroying Arnulf's hopes at succeeding Charles.

Arnulf, having distinguished himself in the war against the Slavs was elected by the nobles of the realm ( only the eastern realm, though Charles had ruled the whole of the Frankish lands ) and assumed his title of King of East Francia.

In the short and disastrous war of 1805 Archduke Charles commanded what was intended to be the main army in Italy, but events made Germany the decisive theatre of operations ; Austria sustained defeat on the Danube, and the archduke was defeated by Massena in the Battle of Caldiero.

The army reforms were not yet completed by the war of 1809, in which Charles acted as commander in chief, yet even so it proved a far more formidable opponent than the old and was only defeated after a desperate struggle involving Austrian victories and large loss of life on both sides.

An early professed empiricist, Thomas Hobbes, known as an eccentric denizen of the court of Charles II of England ( an " old bear "), published in 1651 Leviathan, a political treatise written during the English civil war, containing an early manifesto in English of rationalism.

In the end England and the Dutch Republic took control of the newly won territory for the duration of the war ; after which it was to be handed over to the direct rule of ‘ Charles III ’, subject to the reservation of a Dutch Barrier, the extent and nature of which had yet to be settled.

In 736, the Aquitanian duke Hunald led a rebellion after his father Eudes's death, at which Charles responded by sending an expedition that captured and plundered Bordeaux again, while the Frankish commander didn't retain it for long, since he left south-east to wage war in Narbonnaise.

It failed to convene after another war broke out between France and Charles V, resulting in a non-attendance of French prelates.

In 718, Chilperic responded to Charles ' new ascendancy by making an alliance with Odo the Great ( or Eudes, as he is sometimes known ), the duke of Aquitaine, who had made himself independent during the civil war in 715, but was again defeated, at the Battle of Soissons, by Charles.

The term took on its present meaning from a group of ministers of King Charles II of England ( Sir Thomas Clifford, Lord Arlington, the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Ashley, and Lord Lauderdale ), whose initial letters coincidentally spelled CABAL, and who were the signatories of the public Treaty of Dover that allied England to France in a prospective war against the Netherlands.

The development of strong administrative structures, in particular those related to extraction of taxes, is closely associated with the intense warfare between predatory European states in the 17th and 18th centuries, or in Charles Tilly's famous formulation: " War made the state and the state made war ".

Charles was outraged, and upon their return in October, he and Buckingham demanded that King James declare war on Spain.

With the death of the infirm and childless Charles II of Spain on 1 November 1700, the succession of the Spanish throne and subsequent control over her empire once again embroiled Europe in war – the War of the Spanish Succession.

The first ( 1642 – 46 ) and second ( 1648 – 49 ) civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament, while the third war ( 1649 – 51 ) saw fighting between supporters of King Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament.

These ranged from Royalists who wished to place King Charles II on the throne, to men like Oliver Cromwell, who wished to govern with a Parliament voted in by an electorate determined by property ownership, similar to that enfranchised before the civil war, to the Levellers, influenced by the writings of John Lilburne, who wanted parliamentary government based on an electorate constituted of every head of household ( normally though not necessarily male as was acknowledged in the Putney Debates ), through to other groups with smaller followings like the Fifth Monarchists, Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers, the Ranters, and the Society of Friends ( Quakers ).

From September 1520 to August 25 he was the Republic's ambassador to Charles V, with whom Venice was soon at war, instructed to defend the Republic's alliance with Francis I of France.

Charles dies from measles two months after the war begins.

He was imprisoned in Lancaster for five months, during which he wrote to the king offering advice on governance: Charles should refrain from war and domestic religious persecution, and discourage oath-taking, plays, and maypole games.

In 718, Charles Martel, the Franconian Mayor of the Palace, made war against Saxony because of its help for the Neustrians.

* Charles Tyner as General Victor Ball, Harold ’ s uncle who lost an arm in the war and now pulls a hidden cord to make his wire prosthetic " salute.

The profit that could be made by taking advantage of the differing postal rates in different countries to buy IRCs cheaply in one country and exchange them for stamps of a higher value in another country was the intended profit generator for a scheme operated by Charles Ponzi, which became the fraudulent Ponzi scheme ; in practice, the overhead on buying and selling large amounts of the very low-value IRCs precluded profitability.

Carlo Pietro Giovanni Guglielmo Tebaldo Ponzi, ( March 3, 1882 – January 18, 1949 ), commonly known as Charles Ponzi, was an Italian businessman and con artist in the U. S. and Canada.

Charles Ponzi promised clients a 50 % profit within 45 days, or 100 % profit within 90 days, by buying discounted postal reply coupons in other countries and redeeming them at face value in the United States as a form of arbitrage.

Ponzi aka " Charles Bianchi " under arrest circa 1910

It was another prisoner who became a true role model to Ponzi: Charles W. Morse.

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1910 police mugshot of Charles Ponzi, the namesake of the scheme

The scheme is named after Charles Ponzi, who became notorious for using the technique in 1920.

Ponzi did not invent the scheme ( for example, Charles Dickens ' 1844 novel Martin Chuzzlewitt and 1857 novel Little Dorrit each described such a scheme ), but his operation took in so much money that it was the first to become known throughout the United States.

* Charles Ponzi and the Ponzi scheme.

" In the run up to the Savings and loan crisis of the 1980s and early 1990s, control frauds like Charles Keating were able to get legislators like Speaker of the House Jim Wright, the Keating Five Senators and majorities in both the US House and Senate to suppress investigations of massive criminality until their Ponzi schemes finally collapses.