Some adaptations of the Latin alphabet are augmented with ligatures, such as æ in Old English and Icelandic and Ȣ in Algonquian ; by borrowings from other alphabets, such as the thorn þ in Old English and Icelandic, which came from the Futhark runes ; and by modifying existing letters, such as the eth ð of Old English and Icelandic, which is a modified d. Other alphabets only use a subset of the Latin alphabet, such as Hawaiian, and Italian, which uses the letters j, k, x, y and w only in foreign words.

Other notable 17th-century outbreaks were the Italian Plague ( 1629 – 1631 ); the Great Plague of Seville ( 1647 – 1652 ); the Great Plague of London ( 1665 – 1666 ); and the Great Plague of Vienna ( 1679 ).

Other dance styles, such as the Italian and Spanish dances of the period are much less well studied than either English country dance or the French style.

Other utilitarian-type views include the claims that the end of action is survival and growth, as in evolutionary ethics ( the 19th-century English philosopher Herbert Spencer ); the experience of power, as in despotism ( the 16th-century Italian political philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli and the 19th-century German Friedrich Nietzsche ); satisfaction and adjustment, as in pragmatism ( 20th-century American philosophers Ralph Barton Perry and John Dewey ); and freedom, as in existentialism ( the 20th-century French philosopher Jean-Paul Sartre ).

Other notational traditions do exist ; Italian solo music is typically written at the sounding pitch, and the " old " German method sounded an octave below where notation except in the treble clef, where the music was written at pitch.

Other noteworthy recent Italian films include: Jona che visse nella balena directed by Roberto Faenza, Il grande cocomero by Francesca Archibugi, Il mestiere delle armi by Olmi, L ' ora di religione by Marco Bellocchio, Il ladro di bambini, Lamerica, Le chiavi di casa by Gianni Amelio, Io non ho paura by Gabriele Salvatores, Le fate ignoranti, La finestra di fronte by Ferzan Özpetek, La bestia nel cuore by Cristina Comencini.

Other students have noted a range of textual similarities between passages in the Gospel of Barnabas, and variously the texts of a series of late medieval vernacular harmonies of the four canonical gospels ( in Middle English and Middle Dutch, but especially in Middle Italian ); which are all speculated as deriving from a lost Vetus Latina version of the Diatessaron of Tatian.

Other students argue that the Spanish version came first, regarding the Spanish preface's claims of an Italian source as intended to boost the work's credibility by linking it to the Papal libraries.

Other aspects in Italian are rendered with other periphrases, like prospective ( io sto per mangiare " I'm about to eat ", io starò per mangiare " I shall be about to eat "), or continuous / progressive ( io sto mangiando " I'm eating ", io starò mangiando " I shall be eating ").

Other notable lakes in the Italian peninsula are Trasimeno, Bolsena, Bracciano, Vico, Varano and Lesina in Gargano and Omodeo in Sardinia.

Other examples where Italian is sometimes used as a means of communication are in some sports ( sometimes in football and motorsports ) and in the design and fashion industries.

Other research has also concluded that later medieval armour, such as that of the Italian city state mercenary companies, was effective at stopping contemporary arrows.

Other parts of Northern Europe did not have the advantage of such intense contact with Italian artists, but the Mannerist style made its presence felt through prints and illustrated books, the purchases of Italian works by rulers, and others, artists ' travels to Italy, and the example of individual Italian artists working in the North is called Northern Mannerism.

Other ideas are behind the German expressions formelles Recht ( or Prozeßrecht ) and materielles Recht as well as the French droit formel / droit matériel, the Italian diritto formale / diritto material and the Swedish formell rätt / materiell rätt ; all of which, taken literally, means " formal " and " material " law.

Other transnational competitions include the Pro 12, involving Irish, Italian, Scottish and Welsh teams ; The Rugby Championship, involving South African, Australian, New Zealand and Argentinian Teams ; and the Heineken Cup, involving the top European teams from their respective domestic competitions.

Other versions treat the Round Table differently, for instance Italian Arthurian works often distinguish between the " Old Table " of Uther's time and Arthur's " New Table.

Other Italian poets of the time, including Dante Alighieri ( 1265 – 1321 ) and Guido Cavalcanti ( c. 1250 – 1300 ) wrote sonnets, but the most famous early sonneteer was Petrarca ( known in English as Petrarch ).

Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935.

Other estimates of Italian casualties were: by UK War Office in 1922, Dead 460, 000 and by the US War Dept in 1924 650, 000 killed and died Civilian deaths exceeded the prewar level by 1, 021, 000.

Other languages spell the letter's name in a similar way: zeta in Italian, Spanish and Icelandic, zäta in Swedish, zet in Dutch, Polish, Romanian and Czech, zæt in Danish, zett in Norwegian and German, zède in French, and zê in Portuguese.

Other well-known classical ballet styles include the Paris Opera Ballet School Method, Russian Method, Italian Method, Danish Method, Balanchine method, Cecchetti method, and Royal Academy of Dance and Royal Ballet School Methods.

Other classic but now defunct sports car races include the Italian classics, the Targa Florio ( 1906 – 1977 ) and Mille Miglia ( 1927 – 1957 ), and the Mexican Carrera Panamericana.

Other well known Sangiovese-based Tuscan wines such as Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano could be bottled and labeled under the most basic designation of " Chianti " if their producers chose to do so.

Other large producers are the privately owned Vicini, with three mills, and Central Romana Corporation, whose mill is the largest in the country.

Other local delicacies are the praline chocolates from local producers such as Leonidas and Dascalides, the ' neuzekes ' (' noses '), cone-shaped purple jelly-filled candies, ' babeluten ' (' babblers '), hard butterscotch-like candy, and of course, on the more fiery side, the famous ' Tierenteyn ', a hot but refined mustard that has some affinity to French ' Dijon ' mustard.

Other artists and producers who contributed on these remixes included Curve, Flood, Andy Gray, Alan Moulder, New Disease and Sulpher.

Other producers of economic indicators includes the United States Census Bureau and United States Bureau of Economic Analysis.

Other notable firms located in Orange were the Monroe Calculating Company, manufacturers of the patented adding machines of the same name, and the Bates Manufacturing Company, producers of office accessories such as staplers and stampers.

Other producers included DJ Premier, Erick Sermon, The 45 King, and Kid Capri.

Other important Motown producers and songwriters included Norman Whitfield, William " Mickey " Stevenson, Smokey Robinson, Barrett Strong, Nickolas Ashford and Valerie Simpson, Frank Wilson, Pamela Sawyer & Gloria Jones, James Dean & William Weatherspoon, Johnny Bristol, Harvey Fuqua, Stevie Wonder and Gordy himself.

Other executive producers include writers Carol Flint, Neal Baer, R. Scott Gemmill, Dee Johnson, Joe Sachs, Lisa Zwerling, and Janine Sherman Barrois.

Other noted producers such as Sid and Marty Krofft and Ruby-Spears, while not officially defunct, are much less active in recent years due to their advanced age.

Other modern producers include Belize, Panama ( locally named ají chombo ), Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador and parts of the United States, including Texas, Idaho, and California.

Other producers include Oak, and Missy Elliott.

Other producers met the same fate as Barry and Enright, but were unable to redeem themselves afterwards.

Other producers also made microprocessors which were widely used in microcomputers.

Other large mining companies include OAO Apatit, which is the largest producer of phosphates in Europe ; OAO Olcon, one of the leading producers of iron ore concentrates in Russia ; and OAO Kovdorsky GOK, an ore-mining and processing enterprise.

Other producers are Portugal, Russia, Australia, Thailand, South Korea, Rwanda, Bolivia, the United States, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Other chemical data sheets are available from individual producers of chemicals, often on their web pages.

Other New Jersey hip hop artists & producers include Cardiak, DUS, Redman, Naughty By Nature, Ice-T, The Fugees, Queen Latifah, P. M.

Other major-label rappers and producers from North Carolina include J. Cole, The_Apple_Juice_Kid, Kaze, Ski, Travis Cherry, and Petey Pablo.

Other major producers include China, the Netherlands, the Baltic States, and the U. S. Finland is the largest United States supplier of fox pelts.

Other executive producers include Steve Golin ( Being John Malkovich, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind ) and Larry Kennar ( Barbershop ).

Other producers at Paramount felt this gave Evans an unfair advantage.

Other producers, such as Jerome Robbins and Hal Prince, preferred to hire Mostel on short contracts, knowing that he would become less faithful to the script as time went on.

Other greats turned down the producers ' overtures for other reasons, e. g., Joel McCrea, Frances Dee, Katharine Hepburn, John Gielgud.