Before Constantius arrived, the Persian general Narses, who was possibly the king's brother, overran Mesopotamia and captured Amida.

Before 1991, the city was usually spelled Ashkabad in English, a transliteration of the Russian form, which was itself from the original Persian form.

* Before continuing his pursuit of Darius III, who has retreated into Bactria, Alexander assembles all the Persian treasure and entrusts it to Harpalus, who is to hold it at Ecbatana as chief treasurer.

Before Islam, the crescent was the symbol of Sassanids and after capturing Persian lands, the crescent has been adopted by Muslim Arabs and later by Islamic faith.

Before his invasion of Greece, Xerxes I spent three years amassing supplies from all over Asia ; Herodotus wrote that the Persian army was so large it " drank the rivers dry ".

Before embarkation he studied the Persian and Hindustani languages with success under John Borthwick Gilchrist.

Before 1880 all the administrative works in Bihar was done in this Persian script and possibly all the educated Muslims in the Bhojpuri speaking region wrote unofficial works in Nastaʿlīq script.

Before the final Persian destruction of the town in 256-257 CE, parts of the synagogue which abutted the main city wall were apparently requisitioned and filled with sand as a defensive measure.

Before setting out on his Persian expedition, Alexander the Great defeated the Getae and razed one of their settlements.

Before attacking the Persian capital, Khalid decided to eliminate all Persian forces in the south and west.

Before the 13th century, many empires were considered to be " core " nations, such as the Roman, the Chinese empire, the Greek city-states, the Byzantine Empire, Persian Empire, Mesopotamian Empire, Carolingian Empire in Western Europe, and so on.

Before 964, it was first discovered by the Persian astronomer Al Sufi, and described in his Book of Fixed Stars in 964.

Before the battle in Babylon, Alexander states that the lunar eclipse which some of his men thought was a bad omen means that " the Persian moon will be eclipsed by the Macedonian Sun " with which Aristander the seer agrees.

Before 1537 Cabeza de Vaca crossed central Texas or northern Mexico from the Gulf to northwest Mexico.

Before 1961, the flag of Kuwait, like those of other Gulf states, was red and white with the word " الكويت " in the middle.

Before mail service to the Miami area improved, Munroe would camp out on Key Biscayne every Tuesday evening so that he could sail out to the edge of the Gulf Stream early Wednesday morning to retrieve a package of newspapers and magazines dropped for him in waterproof pouches by a passing steamship.

Before 1966, all the emirates that were to form the UAE used the Gulf rupee.

Before its mouth in the Moro Gulf, it splits into two parallel sections, the Cotabato and Tamentaka, separated by a 180 m ( 600 ft ) hill.

Before near destruction in 1900 Galveston was larger and wealthier than Houston, dubbed " The Wall Street of the Southwest " and on par with New Orleans as the Gulf Coast's premier city.

Before the Asian Cup took place, Hodgson led the team during the 2003 Gulf Cup of Nations.

Before the storm, at least 14, 000 people were employed at Gulf Coast casinos.

Before the election Lincoln served as a captain in the Illinois Militia during the Black Hawk War.

Before the Civil War, Carnegie arranged a merger between Woodruff's company and that of George M. Pullman, the inventor of a sleeping car for first class travel which facilitated business travel at distances over.

Before the War, Paul was a creative, sensitive, and passionate person, writing poems and having a clear love for his family.

Before the Civil War he was firmly against secession, but when the war started he nevertheless took the side of the Confederacy.

Before the Second World War, air shows were associated with long distance air races, often lasting many days and covering thousands of miles.

Before the Civil War, baseball competed for public interest with cricket and regional variants of baseball, notably town ball played in Philadelphia and the Massachusetts Game played in New England.

Before the end of the Civil War and the introduction of the 1662 prayer book, something like a half a million prayer books are estimated to have been in circulation.

Before World War II, Croatia's industry was not significant, with the vast majority of the people employed in agriculture.

Before World War I there were more than 3, 500 cheese producers in Britain, while fewer than 100 remained after the Second World War.

Before the Israeli military occupied Sinai during the June 1967 War ( Arab-Israeli war, also known as the Six-Day War ), a single Egyptian governorate administered the whole peninsula.

Before the 1980s Soviet war, Afghanistan pursued a policy of neutrality and nonalignment in its foreign relations, being one of a few independent nations to stay neutral in both World War I and World War II.

Before World War I, Portuguese forces, with some assistance from the Muslim population, subdued animist tribes and eventually established the territory's borders.

Before the Second World War, GCCS was a relatively small department.

Before World War II, mechanical and electrical analog computers were considered the " state of the art ", and many thought they were the future of computing.

Before the Trojan War, Poseidon sent a sea monster to attack Troy.

Before World War I Italy and Austria-Hungary had been instrumental in the creation of an independent Albanian state.

Before World War II, the Communist Party of Yugoslavia had supported transferring Kosovo to Albania, but Yugoslavia's postwar communist regime insisted on preserving the country's prewar borders.

Before and during World War II, when Japan occupied Korea, Taiwan, parts of China, the Philippines, and various Pacific islands, locals in those countries learned Japanese as the language of the empire.

Before World War II he added the Lipki estate and Semyonovskaya, and had at least four dachas in the south by 1937, including one near Sochi.

These were interrupted by service in the U. S. Army Signal Corps during World War II, where he worked as a codebreaker and participated in the landing at Casablanca. Before leaving for Europe in 1943, Greenberg married Selma Berkowitz, whom he had met during his first year at Columbia.

Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party Before the Civil War.