Battle formations as described by Plutarch in his Life of Caesar c. 44

In an account by Plutarch, the catastrophic failure of the Sicilian expedition led Athenians to trade renditions of Euripides's lyrics to their enemies in return for food and drink ( Life of Nicias 29 ).

Plutarch is the source also for the story that the victorious Spartan generals, having planned the demolition of Athens and the enslavement of its people, grew merciful after being entertained at a banquet by lyrics from Euripides's play Electra: " they felt that it would be a barbarous act to annihilate a city which produced such men " ( Life of Lysander )

* Life of Otho ( Plutarch ; English translation )

It is based primarily upon the Life of Themistocles and Life of Aristides from Plutarch.

* ( Theoi Project ) Plutarch: Life of Theseus

In his Life of Caesar, Plutarch renders the name as Vergentorix.

* Plutarch, Life of Caesar 25-27

* Plutarch, The Parallel Lives, The Life of Julius Caesar

* Plutarch: Life of Alexander

Every autumn, according to Plutarch ( Life of Lycurgus, 28, 3 – 7 ), the Spartan ephors would pro forma declare war on the helot population so that any Spartan citizen could kill a helot without fear of blood or guilt ( crypteia ).

Plutarch in his " Life of Julius Caesar " gives a vivid description of how she entered past Ptolemy ’ s guards rolled up in a carpet that Apollodorus the Sicilian was carrying.

In his Life of Antony, Plutarch remarks that " judging by the proofs which she had had before this of the effect of her beauty upon Caius Caesar and Gnaeus the son of Pompey, she had hopes that she would more easily bring Antony to her feet.

* Doppelleben ( 1950 ); autobiography translated as Double Life ( edited, translated, and with a preface by Simona Draghici, Plutarch Press, 2002, ISBN 0-943045-19-3 ).

* Ian Scott-Kilvert, notes to Life of Tiberius Gracchus by Plutarch ; Penguin Classics

Plutarch, in his Life of the Roman general Aemilius Paulus, records that the victor over Macedon, when he beheld the statue, “ was moved to his soul, as if he had seen the god in person ,” while the 1st century AD Greek orator Dio Chrysostom declared that a single glimpse of the statue would make a man forget all his earthly troubles.

* Plutarch: The Life of Brutus

In his Life of Sertorius cited above, Plutarch recounts what he says to be a local myth, according to which Heracles consorted with Tinge after the death of Antaeus and had by her a son Sophax, who named a city in North Africa Tingis after his mother.

* Plutarch, Life of Pyrrhus, 1 ( 75 AD )

The only reward he would accept was a branch of the sacred olive, and a promise of perpetual friendship between Athens and Cnossus ( Plutarch, Life of Solon, 12 ; Aristotle, Ath.

Marius relaxed the recruitment policies by removing the necessity to own land, and allowed all Roman citizens entry, regardless of social class ( Plutarch, The Life of Marius ).

In his Life of Marius, Plutarch writes that Marius's return to power was a particularly brutal and bloody one, saying that the consul's " anger increased day by day and thirsted for blood, kept on killing all whom he held in any suspicion whatsoever.

Penia was also mentioned by other ancient Greek writers such as Alcaeus ( Fragment 364 ), Theognis ( Fragment 1 ; 267, 351, 649 ), Aristophanes ( Plutus, 414ff ), Herodotus, Plutarch ( Life of Themistocles ), and Philostratus ( Life of Appollonius ).

Plutarch provides the most evocative version of this story: But when Egypt revolted with Athenian aid ... and Cimon's mastery of the sea forced the King to resist the efforts of the Hellenes and to hinder their hostile growth ... messages came down to Themistocles saying that the King commanded him to make good his promises by applying himself to the Hellenic problem ; then, neither embittered by anything like anger against his former fellow-citizens, nor lifted up by the great honor and power he was to have in the war, but possibly thinking his task not even approachable, both because Hellas had other great generals at the time, and especially because Cimon was so marvelously successful in his campaigns ; yet most of all out of regard for the reputation of his own achievements and the trophies of those early days ; having decided that his best course was to put a fitting end to his life, he made a sacrifice to the gods, then called his friends together, gave them a farewell clasp of his hand, and, as the current story goes, drank bull's blood, or as some say, took a quick poison, and so died in Magnesia, in the sixty-fifth year of his life ... They say that the King, on learning the cause and the manner of his death, admired the man yet more, and continued to treat his friends and kindred with kindness.

This is the case of Plutarch in his Life of Cimon: the helots of the Eurotas River valley want to use the earthquake to attack the Spartans whom they think are disarmed.

More detail for the whole period is provided by Plutarch, in his biographies of Themistocles, Aristides and especially Cimon.

* Plutarch, Parallel Lives ; Themistocles, Aristides, Pericles, Cimon

Plutarch, in the Life of Cimon, recounts his first triumph of the young talented Sophocles against the famous and hitherto unchallenged Aeschylus, which ended in an unusual manner, without the usual draw for the referees, and that caused the voluntary exile of Aeschylus Sicily.

When very young he went to Athens, where he enjoyed the society of Cimon, of whom he left laudatory notices in some of his works which are quoted by Plutarch.

According to Plutarch, the wealthy Callias took advantage of this situation by proposing to pay the sum if Elpinice would marry him, to which Cimon agreed.

Upon crossing the Rubicon, Caesar, according to Plutarch and Suetonius, is supposed to have quoted the Athenian playwright Menander, in Greek, " the die is cast ".

Plutarch wrote that, according to Volumnius, Brutus repeated two verses, but Volumnius was only able to recall the one quoted.

Plutarch also reports the last words of Brutus, quoted by a Greek tragedy " O wretched Virtue, thou wert but a name, and yet I worshipped thee as real indeed ; but now, it seems, thou were but fortune's slave.

His depiction of the women of Sparta as " thigh-showing " ( quoted by Plutarch as proof of lax morals among the women there ) is vivid enough to suggest that he might have composed some verses in Sparta also.

The form of the Saturnalia is copied from Plato's Symposium and Gellius's Noctes atticae ; the chief authorities ( whose names, however, are not quoted ) are Gellius, Seneca the philosopher, Plutarch ( Quaestiones conviviales ), Athenaeus and the commentaries of Servius and others on Virgil.

It was quoted by Plutarch in a biography of Themistocles, as were the following two fragments, 728 and 729 ( see Life above for historical context ).

According to Plutarch ( quoted by Ussher ), Cleopatra tested various deadly poisons on condemned persons and animals for daily entertainment and concluded that the bite of the asp ( from aspis-Egyptian Cobra, not European Asp ), was the least terrible way to die ; the venom brought sleepiness and heaviness without spasms of pain.

Some historians, most notably Plutarch, wrote that Tigranes considered Lucullus ' army to be far too small, and upon seeing it, is quoted to have said that " If they come as ambassadors, they are too many ; if they are soldiers, too few ," although some have expressed doubt on the veracity of this quote.

Plutarch refers that Delphians pronounce b in the place of p ( for )

See also Van den Berg, Proclus ' Commentary, p. 49, with reference to Plutarch, On the E at Delphi .</ ref > Neoplatonists sometimes interpreted the Eleusinian Mysteries as a fabula of celestial phenomena:

It may be regarded as a fairly certain inference from a passage in Plutarch (, p. 345 E, ed.

* Gaius Marius was said to have died of the disease in 86 BCE by Plutarch, 200 years after his death .</ p >

In 50 BCE he was elected consul for the following year alongside Claudius Marcellus, as opponents to Caesar < ref > Caesar, < i > B. G .</ i > 8. 50, and was an active and vocal participant in the increasingly hysterical scenes < ref > Meier p. 341-346 ; Plutarch, < i > Pomp .</ i > § 59 ; Caesar, < i > B. C .</ i > i. 1-5 in the senate in late 50 and January 49 as Caesar sought to secure a safe consulship whilst a reactionary group of senators sought to have him stripped of command.

Strato II ruled in the eastern Punjab, probably retaining the capital of Sagala ( modern Sialkot, Pakistan ), or possibly to the city of Bucephala ( Plutarch, p. 48 n. 5 ).

* According to Plutarch, Moralia Macedonians use ' b ' instead of ' ph ', while Delphians use ' b ' in the place of ' p '.