Albedo (), or reflection coefficient, derived from Latin albedo " whiteness " ( or reflected sunlight ), in turn from albus " white ", is the diffuse reflectivity or reflecting power of a surface.

It is the basis for Coordinated Universal Time ( UTC ), which is used for civil timekeeping all over the Earth's surface, and for Terrestrial Time, which is used for astronomical calculations.

Abscesses may occur in any kind of solid tissue but most frequently on skin surface ( where they may be superficial pustules ( boils ) or deep skin abscesses ), in the lungs, brain, teeth, kidneys and tonsils.

** In the category of Riemann surfaces, an automorphism is a bijective biholomorphic map ( also called a conformal map ), from a surface to itself.

Apollo 16 was slated to be the second of the " J-missions ," an Apollo mission type featuring the use of the Lunar Roving Vehicle ( LRV ), increased scientific capability, and lunar surface stays of three days.

Young then lowered the equipment transfer bag ( ETB ), containing equipment for use during the EVA, to the surface.

In three dimensions, a single equation usually gives a surface, and a curve must be specified as the intersection of two surfaces ( see below ), or as a system of parametric equations.

Analog television did not really begin as an industry until the development of the cathode-ray tube ( CRT ), which uses a steered electron beam to " write " lines of electrons across a phosphor coated surface.

Equipment included 3, 108 main battle tanks ( seventy-nine T-54, 639 T-55, 291 T-62, 299 T-64, eight T80, and 1, 800 T-72 ), 419 medium-range launchers, sixty surface to-surface missiles, and 350 surface-to-air missiles.

These may include a tire patch kit ( which, in turn, may contain any combination of a hand pump or CO < sub > 2 </ sub > Pump, tire levers, spare tubes, self-adhesive patches, or tube-patching material, an adhesive, a piece of sandpaper or a metal grater ( for roughing the tube surface to be patched ), and sometimes even a block of French chalk.

Sediment cores show that tropical sea surface temperatures may have briefly been as warm as 42 ° C ( 107 ° F ), 17 ° C ( 31 ° F ) warmer than at present, and that they averaged around 37 ° C ( 99 ° F ).

The intermediate reaction states were: HO < sub > 2 </ sub >, H < sub > 2 </ sub > O < sub > 2 </ sub >, then H < sub > 3 </ sub > O < sub > 2 </ sub > and the final reaction product ( water molecule dimers ), after which the water molecule desorbs from the catalyst surface.

The extract is applied as a spray to non-edible plant parts such as seedlings, or as a soil-drench ( root dip ), or as a surface spray to reduce incidence of harmful phytopathogenic fungi in the phyllosphere.

If a player is unsure of whether a bet is a single or multi-roll bet, it can be noted that all single-roll bets will be displayed on the playing surface in one color ( usually red ), while all multi-roll bets will be displayed in a different color ( usually yellow ).

During World War II, a US submarine, the USS Puffer ( SS-268 ), came under several hours of depth charge attack by a Japanese surface vessel until the ship became convinced the submarine had somehow escaped.

Cruise missiles can be categorized by size, speed ( subsonic or supersonic ), and range, and whether launched from land, air, surface ship, or submarine.

), accommodation data ( surface area, amount of rent paid, etc.

Lyell, in contrast focused on recent earthquakes ( 150 yrs ), evidenced by surface irregularities such as faults, fissures, stratigraphic displacements and depressions.

In fact, at separations of 10 nm — about 100 times the typical size of an atom — the Casimir effect produces the equivalent of 1 atmosphere of pressure ( 101. 325 kPa ), the precise value depending on surface geometry and other factors.

Still, in the absence of naked singularities, the universe is deterministic — it's possible to predict the entire evolution of the universe ( possibly excluding some finite regions of space hidden inside event horizons of singularities ), knowing only its condition at a certain moment of time ( more precisely, everywhere on a spacelike 3-dimensional hypersurface, called the Cauchy surface ).

During diving, a muscular action closes the blowholes ( nostrils ), which remain closed until the cetacean next breaks the surface ; when it surfaces, the muscles open the blowholes and warm air is exhaled.

Approaching the minimum of the solar cycle ( also named butterfly cycle ), the extension of the quiet Sun increases until it covers the whole disk surface excluding some bright points on the hemisphere and the poles, where there are the coronal holes.

Dice are thrown, singly or in groups, from the hand or from a container designed for this ( such as a dice cup ), onto a flat surface ; the face of the die that is uppermost when it comes to rest provides the value of the throw.

In the early 1980s, the concentration of ionic species ( in g / kg ) of Dead Sea surface water was Cl < sup >−</ sup > ( 181. 4 ), Br < sup >−</ sup > ( 4. 2 ), SO < sub > 4 </ sub >< sup > 2 −</ sup > ( 0. 4 ), HCO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup >−</ sup > ( 0. 2 ), Ca < sup > 2 +</ sup > ( 14. 1 ), Na < sup >+</ sup > ( 32. 5 ), K < sup >+</ sup > ( 6. 2 ) and Mg < sup > 2 +</ sup > ( 35. 2 ).

The earliest certain ancestor of " A " is aleph ( also called ' aleph ), the first letter of the Phoenician alphabet ( which, by consisting entirely of consonants, is an abjad rather than a true alphabet ).

Together with Plato and Socrates ( Plato's teacher ), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy.

Reference to them is made according to the organization of Immanuel Bekker's Royal Prussian Academy edition ( Aristotelis Opera edidit Academia Regia Borussica, Berlin, 1831 – 1870 ), which in turn is based on ancient classifications of these works.

An American in Paris is scored for 3 flutes ( 3rd doubling on piccolo ), 2 oboes, English horn, 2 clarinets in B flat, bass clarinet in B flat, 2 bassoons, 4 horns in F, 3 trumpets in B flat, 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, snare drum, bass drum, triangle, wood block, cymbals, low and high tom-toms, xylophone, glockenspiel, celesta, 4 taxi horns resembling the pitches A, B, C and D, alto saxophone / soprano saxophone, tenor saxophone / soprano saxophone / alto saxophone, baritone saxophone / soprano saxophone / alto saxophone, and strings.

It is also the oldest award ceremony in the media ; its equivalents, the Grammy Awards ( for music ), Emmy Awards ( for television ), and Tony Awards ( for theatre ) are modeled after the Academy.

Although there are seven other types of annual awards presented by the Academy ( the Irving G. Thalberg Memorial Award, the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award, the Gordon E. Sawyer Award, the Scientific and Engineering Award, the Technical Achievement Award, the John A. Bonner Medal of Commendation, and the Student Academy Award ) plus two awards that are not presented annually ( the Special Achievement Award in the form of an Oscar statuette and the Honorary Award that may or may not be in the form of an Oscar statuette ), the best known one is the Academy Award of Merit more popularly known as the Oscar statuette.

The latter is not to be confused with TA ( NPL ), which denotes an independent atomic time scale, not synchronised to TAI or to anything else.

This time scale is expressed in the form of tables of differences UTC-UTC ( k ) ( equivalent to TAI-TAI ( k )) for each participating institution k. ( The same circular also gives tables of TAI-TA ( k ), for the various unsynchronised atomic time scales.

Altruism is a motivation to provide something of value to a party who must be anyone but oneself, while duty focuses on a moral obligation towards a specific individual ( e. g., a god, a king ), or collective ( e. g., a government ).

Next were films such as The Winds of the Aures ( 1965 ) of Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina, Patrol To The East ( 1972 ) of Amar Laskri, Prohibited Area of Ahmed Lallem, ( 1972 ), The Opium and the stick of Ahmed Rachedi, or The Battle of Algiers ( 1966 ) which is an Algerian-Italian film selected three times at the Oscars.

The term " anthropology " is from the Greek anthrōpos (), " man ", understood to mean humankind or humanity, and-logia (- λογία ), " discourse " or " study.

Because anthropology developed from so many different enterprises ( see History of Anthropology ), including but not limited to fossil-hunting, exploring, documentary film-making, paleontology, primatology, antiquity dealings and curatorship, philology, etymology, genetics, regional analysis, ethnology, history, philosophy, and religious studies, it is difficult to characterize the entire field in a brief article, although attempts to write histories of the entire field have been made.

The single largest organization of Anthropologists is the American Anthropological Association ( AAA ), which was founded in 1903.

He was worshipped as Acraephius ( ; Ἀκραιφιος, Akraiphios, literally " Acraephian ") or Acraephiaeus ( ; Ἀκραιφιαίος, Akraiphiaios, literally " Acraephian ") in the Boeotian town of Acraephia ( Ἀκραιφία ), reputedly founded by his son Acraepheus ; and as Smintheus ( ; Σμινθεύς, Smintheus, " Sminthian "— that is, " of the town of Sminthos or Sminthe ") near the Troad town of Hamaxitus.

The function of Apollo as a " healer " is connected with Paean ( Παιών-Παιήων ), the physician of the Gods in the Iliad, who seems to come from a more primitive religion.

The connection with Dorians and their initiation festival apellai is reinforced by the month Apellaios in northwest Greek calendars, but it can explain only the Doric type of the name, which is connected with the Ancient Macedonian word " pella " ( Pella ), stone.

A female dragon named Delphyne ( δελφύς: womb ), who is obviously connected with Delphi and Apollo Delphinios, and a male serpent Typhon ( τύφειν: smoke ), the adversary of Zeus in the Titanomachy, who the narrators confused with Python.