* Hildegard of Bingen ( 1098 – 1179 )

* 1173 – 1179: Sigfried I

The Third Council of the Lateran of 1179 guaranteed the access – now largely free of charge – of all able applicants, who were, however, still tested for aptitude by the ecclesiastic scholastic.

In the 12th century, German Benedictine abbess Hildegard von Bingen ( 1098 – 1179 ) wrote several influential theological, botanical, and medicinal texts, as well as letters, liturgical songs, poems, and arguably the oldest surviving morality play, while supervising brilliant miniature Illuminations.

File: Hildegard. jpg | Hildegard von Bingen ( 1098 – 1179 )

(; ) ( 1098 – 17 September 1179 ), also known as Saint Hildegard, and Sibyl of the Rhine, was a German writer, composer, philosopher, Christian mystic, Benedictine abbess, visionary, and polymath.

The reign of Philip II Augustus ( junior king 1179 – 1180, senior king 1180 – 1223 ) marked an important step in the history of French monarchy.

* 1179 – The Norwegian Battle of Kalvskinnet outside Nidaros.

Hugh III of Burgundy was expected to come to Jerusalem and marry Sibylla, but Hugh was unable to leave France due to the political unrest there in 1179 – 1180 following the death of Louis VII.

Boso drew on Bonizo of Sutri for popes from John XII to Gregory VII, and wrote from his own experiences about the popes from Gelasius II ( 1118 – 1119 ) to Alexander III ( 1179 – 1181 ).

* 1179 – Philip II is crowned King of France.

Through the Papal bull Manifestis Probatum, issued on May 23, 1179, he also recognized the right of Afonso I to proclaim himself King of Portugal – an important step in the process of Portugal becoming a recognized independent Kingdom.

* September 16 – Hildegard of Bingen, German mystic writer and composer ( d. 1179 )

* October 4 – William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu ( b. 1179 )

* June 23 – Constance of Aragon ( b. 1179 )

* August 1 – Shimazu Tadahisa, Japanese warlord ( b. 1179 )

* May 24 – Theobald III, Count of Champagne ( b. 1179 )

The archbishops held the important prerogative of the consecration of the kings of France — a privilege which they exercised ( except in a few cases ) from the time of Philippe II Augustus ( anointed 1179, reigned 1180 – 1223 ) to that of Charles X ( anointed 1825 ).

# Sancha ( c. 1139 – 1179 ), married Sancho VI of Navarre

1135 – 1179 )

1135 – 1179 ) was a 12th-century Marcher lord who secured a foundation for the dominant position later held by the Braose family in the Welsh Marches.

1230 BC by the Sea Peoples and 1190 BC by Aegean refugees, or 1190 and 1179 according to Paul Aström had been proposed.

# Héloise / Helvis of Lusignan ( c. 1190 – 1216 – 1219, 1216 / 1219 or c. 1217 ), married firstly c. 1205 Eudes de Dampierre sur Salon, Lord of Chargey-le-Grey, div.

Nonetheless he is an interesting primary source for the events of the years 1190 – 1192 in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.

* 1190 – 1192: Alexius

The result was the Hohenstaufen Frederick I ( Barbarossa ) 1152 – 1190 who came to power.

1190 – before 11 May 1214 ).

* 1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I Barbarossa drowns in the river Saleph while leading an army to Jerusalem.

** Counts of Malta, 1190 – 1427

* 1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York.

Pope Clement IV ( 23 November 1190 / 1200 – 29 November 1268 ), born Gui Faucoi called in later life le Gros ( Guy Foulques the Fat ; ), was Pope from 5 February 1265 until his death.

Philip II Augustus (; 21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223 ) was the last King of the Franks from 1180 to 1190, and the first King of France from 1190 until his death.

** Isabella of Jerusalem, Queen of Jerusalem 1190 / 1192 – 1205 ( d. 1205 )

Frederick I Barbarossa ( 1122 – 10 June 1190 ) was a German Holy Roman Emperor.

* September 30 – Yaroslav II of Russia ( b. 1190 )

At the same time the emperor Frederick I ( 1152 – 1190 ) in the east was making good the imperial claims on Arles.

Prominent among these texts is " The Contendings of Horus and Set ", a humorous retelling of several episodes of the struggle between the two deities, which dates to the Twentieth Dynasty ( c. 1190 – 1070 BC ).

# Otto II, Margrave of Meissen, 1125 – 1190

These include the late 12th-century Norwegian synoptics – Historia Norwegiæ ( perhaps c. 1170 ), Theodoricus monachus ' Historia de antiquitate regum Norwagiensium ( c. 1180 ) and Ágrip af Nóregskonungasögum ( c. 1190 ) – and the later Icelandic kings ' sagas Orkneyinga saga ( c. 1200 ), Fagrskinna ( c. 1225 ), the Heimskringla ascribed to Snorri Sturluson ( c. 1230 ), Egils saga ( 1220 x 1240 ) and Óláfs saga Tryggvasonar en mesta ( c. 1300 ).

** Lothar of Bavaria ( c. 1174 – 1190 )

# William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke ( 1190 – 6 April 1231 ), married ( 1 ) Alice de Béthune, daughter of Earl of Albemarle ; ( 2 ) 23 April 1224 Eleanor Plantagenet, daughter of King John of England.

Henry I of Brabant ( French: Henri I de Brabant, Dutch: Hendrik I van Brabant ) ( 1165 – 5 September 1235 ), named " The Courageous " Duke of Brabant ( from 1183 ) and Duke of Lower Lotharingia ( from 1190 ) until his death.

# Marie ( c. 1190 – May 1260 ), married in Maastricht after May 19, 1214 Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor, married July 1220 Count William I of Holland