* 1261 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is crowned Byzantine emperor in Constantinople.

# Margaret ( 28 February 1261 – 9 April 1283 ), who married King Eirik II of Norway

1185 – 1261 ), Pope from 1254 until his death

* 1251 – 1261: Otto von Mehringen

* 1261 – 1278: Heinrich I von Osthenen ( or Ostheeren )

* 3 Latin Emperors ( 1216 – 1217, 1219 – 1261 )

** Baldwin II ( 1228 – 1261 )

* 1218 – 1261 / 1262: Conrad I / III ( brother of, also count of Zollern )

* 1261 – The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire.

* 1303 – Daniel of Moscow, Russian Saint, Grand Prince of Muscovy ( b. 1261 )

In the subsequent conquest which lasted over 50 years, the original population was nearly exterminated especially during the major Prussian rebellion of 1261 – 83.

* 1261 – King Dinis of Portugal ( d. 1325 )

1185 – 25 May 1261 ) was Pope from 1254 until his death.

Pope Urban IV ( c. 1195 – 2 October 1264 ), born Jacques Pantaléon, was Pope from 1261 to 1264.

Like Pope Innocent III ( 1198 – 1216 ), Pope Gregory IX ( 1227 – 1241 ) and Pope Alexander IV ( 1254 – 1261 ), he was a member of the family of the Conti, counts and dukes of Segni.

* 15 October – Walter de Stapledon, English bishop ( b. 1261 )

* 1259 – September – The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea at the Battle of Pelagonia, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.

* March 2 – King Wladyslaw I of Poland ( b. 1261 )

* December 30 – Bernard Gui, inquisitor ( b. 1261 or 1262 )

* 1261 – Byzantine Empire reemerges, Latin empire brought down

Margaret was sick and left the marriage childless when she was repudiated in 1261.

After the Pope refused this, in 1261 the King obtained the annulment of his marriage with Margaret.

After a loss in Lohede in 1261, Margaret, together with her son, the young Eric V were imprisoned by the Count of Holstein.

There was a tradition-not borne out, however, by any tangible evidence or confirmation and quite possibly invented by the Earl of Cromartie-that the family deduced its descent from a member of the House of Geraldine, in Ireland ( whence sprang the noble families of Leinster, Desmond, & c .), who, with a considerable number of his followers, was stated to have settled in Scotland about the year 1261 and to have so powerfully aided King Alexander III in repelling the invasion of Haco, King of Norway.

She became Queen consort and Queen regent of the Kingdom of Cyprus and acting Regent of the Kingdom of Jerusalem for her son Hugh II of Cyprus until her death in 1261.

She died shortly before 11 February 1261, when there was a grant of her lands and heirs to Queen Eleanor of Provence.

* 1261 – The population of Greenland accepts the overlordship of the King of Norway.

Following Alexander II's death, his son Alexander III continued and stepped up his father's policy by sending an embassy to Norway in 1261, and thereafter attacking the Hebrides.

* Qin Jiushao, Chinese mathematician of the Song Dynasty ( d. 1261 )

1256 ), Michael Laskaris ( d. 1261 / 1271 ), Georgios Laskaris and Constantine Laskaris ( d. aft.

# Elisabeth ( b. 1261 / 63 – d. September 1304 ), married in 1273 to Henry V, Duke of Legnica.

# Henry III, Duke of Brabant ( d. 1261 )

* John FitzThomas FitzGerald, 1st Baron Desmond ( d. 1261 ) ( son of Thomas FitzMaurice FitzGerald )

:: Sir Robert de MOHAUT Kt ( b. 1230 m. 1261 d. 1275 in Arden, Cheshire ).

Roman Danylovich ( b. ca 1230, d. ca 1261 ), Prince of Black Ruthenia ( Navahradak ) 1254 – 1258, Prince of Slonim ?.

Nicaea, until 1261 the capital of the Empire, was under siege by Ottoman Turks.

He was acclaimed co-emperor in 1261, after his father Michael VIII recovered Constantinople from the Latin Empire, but he was crowned only in 1272.

Although besieged on numerous occasions by various peoples, it was taken only in 1204 by the army of the Fourth Crusade, in 1261 by Michael VIII, and in 1453 by the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II.

In 1261, Constantinople was captured from its last Latin ruler, Baldwin II, by the forces of the Nicaean emperor Michael VIII Palaeologus.

Byzantine Emperor Michael VII Palaiologos succeeded in recapturing Constantinople in 1261.

In 1248 AD, the Epirus recognized the Nicaean Emperors, who then recaptured Constantinople in 1261 AD.

In 1261, attempts to elect young Conradin king were unsuccessful.

She further states another tradition that when the last Latin Emperor of Constantinople, Baldwin II, was leaving Constantinople in 1261 he took this original circular portion of the icon with him.

The tendency toward emotionalism in icons continued in the Paleologan period, which began in 1261.

In 1261 the Patriarch, Jacques Pantaleon, organised a council to re-establish order in the kingdom, though the Genoese did not return to Acre.

Plaisance died in 1261, but as her son Hugh II was still underage, Cyprus passed to his cousin Hugh of Antioch-Lusignan, whose mother Isabella of Cyprus, Alice of Champagne and Hugh I of Cyprus ' daughter and Hugh II's aunt, took over the regency in Acre.

Cardinale ( 1983 ), the Order of the Blessed Virgin Mary was founded by two Bolognese nobles Loderingo degli Andalò and Catalano di Guido in 1233, and approved by pope Alexander IV in 1261.

He broke peace with the Livonian Order in 1261, possibly renouncing Christianity, and was assassinated in 1263 by his nephew Treniota and another rival, Duke Daumantas.

In 1261, warfare continued as the Oeselians had once more renounced Christianity and killed all the Germans on the island.

When Nichiren is exiled in 1261, Nichirō wants to follow Nichiren ; but Nichirō is forbidden to do so -- Postcard artwork, circa 1920s.

Nichiren was exiled to the Izu peninsula in 1261, and pardoned in 1263.

Rome itself became too Ghibelline for the Pope, who withdrew to Viterbo, where he died in 1261.

On 12 April 1261, shortly before his death, Alexander issued a papal bull for King Henry that absolved him of oaths taken in the Provisions of Oxford, which was instrumental in the War.