* 681 – Bulgaria is founded as a Khanate on the south bank of the Danube after defeating the Byzantine armies of Emperor Constantine IV south of the Danube delta.

* 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne.

* 1091 – Battle of Levounion: The Pechenegs are defeated by Byzantine Emperor Alexius I.

* 1018 – Byzantine general Eustathios Daphnomeles blinds and captures Ibatzes of Bulgaria by a ruse, thereby ending Bulgarian resistance against Emperor Basil II's conquest of Bulgaria.

* Alexander, Byzantine Emperor ( 912 – 913 )

* Alexander ( emperor ), Byzantine Emperor ( 912 – 913 )

Alexios II Komnenos or Alexius II Comnenus () ( 10 September 1169 – 24 September 1183, Constantinople ), Byzantine emperor ( 1180 – 1183 ), was the son of Emperor Manuel I Komnenos and Maria, daughter of Raymond, prince of Antioch.

Alexios III Angelos () ( c. 1153 – 1211 ) was Byzantine Emperor from 1195 to 1203.

Alexios V Doukas, surnamed Mourtzouphlos (, d. December 1205, Constantinople ) was Byzantine Emperor ( 5 February – 12 April 1204 ) during the second and final siege of Constantinople by the participants of the Fourth Crusade.

He was the last Byzantine Emperor to reign in Constantinople before the establishment of the Latin Empire, which controlled the city for the next 57 years, until it was recovered by the Nicaean Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos.

* Anastasius I ( emperor ) ( 430 – 518 ), Roman ( Byzantine ) Emperor from 491 to 518

In spite of several not insignificant reverses at the hands of Bulgarians, Serbians, and Ottomans, the Emperor had provided the Empire with active leadership, had cooperated with able administrators, and had come closer than any of his predecessors in re-establishing Byzantine control over the Greek peninsula.

Andronikos I Komnenos ( or Andronicus I Comnenus, ; c. 1118 – September 12, 1185 ) was Byzantine Emperor from 1183 to 1185 ).

However, as Andronikos ' rule went on, the Emperor became increasingly paranoid and violent – in September 1185, Andronikos ordered the execution of all prisoners, exiles and their families for collusion with the invaders – and the Byzantine Empire descended into a terror state.

* 475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter ( Enkyklikon ) to the bishops of his empire, supporting the Monophysite christological position.

Arcadius (; ; 377 / 378 – 1 May 408 ) was the Byzantine Emperor from 395 until his death in 408.

This could be either the normal military dress, with a tunic to about the knees, armour breastplate and pteruges, but also often the specific dress of the bodyguard of the Byzantine Emperor, with a long tunic and the loros, a long gold and jewelled pallium restricted to the Imperial family and their closest guards.

* 491 – Flavius Anastasius becomes Byzantine Emperor, with the name of Anastasius I.

According to the work De Administrando Imperio written by the 10th-century Byzantine Emperor Constantine VII, the Croats had arrived in what is today Croatia in the early 7th century, however that claim is disputed and competing hypotheses date the event between the 6th and the 9th centuries.

In the sixth century, the Byzantine Emperor Justinian oversaw the consolidation of Roman civil law.

At the Istanbul Archaeological Museum a marble plate contains a law by the Byzantine Emperor Anastasius I ( 491-518 AD ), that regulated fees for passage through the customs office of the Dardanelles ( see image to the right ).

* 1025 – Basil II, Byzantine Emperor ( b. 958 )

* 627 – Battle of Nineveh: A Byzantine army under Emperor Heraclius defeats Emperor Khosrau II's Persian forces, commanded by General Rhahzadh.

* 1261 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is crowned Byzantine emperor in Constantinople.

* Raictor, a Byzantine monk who claimed to be the emperor Michael VII.

* Michael Angold ( 1997 ), The Byzantine Empire, 1025 – 1204, Longman, 2nd ed., pp. 136 – 70.

* Michael Angold, The Byzantine Empire, 1025 – 1204: A Political History, second edition ( London and New York, 1997 )

After the failure of the co-emperor Michael IX to stem the Turkish advance in Asia Minor in 1302 and the disastrous Battle of Bapheus, the Byzantine government hired the Catalan Company of Almogavars ( adventurers from Aragon and Catalonia ) led by Roger de Flor to clear Byzantine Asia Minor of the enemy.

They quarrelled with Michael IX, and eventually turned on their Byzantine employers after the murder of Roger de Flor in 1305, devastating Thrace, Macedonia, and Thessaly on their road to Latin Greece.

* Jeffreys, Elizabeth and Michael, and Moffatt, Ann, Byzantine Papers: Proceedings of the First Australian Byzantine Studies Conference, Canberra, 17 – 19 May 1978 ( Australian National University, Canberra, 1979 ).

Oryphas, the admiral of the Byzantine fleet, alerted the emperor Michael, who promptly put the invaders to flight ; but the suddenness and savagery of the onslaught made a deep impression on the citizens.

The town was the birthplace of the Byzantine Greek writers Nicetas and Michael Choniates.

In Byzantine and Russian art, the theme of the Miracle of the Archangel Michael at Chonae ( Τὸ ἐν Χωναῖς / Χῶναις Θαῦμα τοῦ Ἀρχαγγέλου Μιχαήλ ) is intimately linked with the site.

* 1041 – Michael IV the Paphlagonian, Byzantine Emperor ( b. 1010 )

* Michael Azkoul, " St. Gregory the Theologian: Poetry and Faith ," Patristic and Byzantine Review 14. 1 – 3 ( 1995 ): 59 – 68.

The first undisputed mention of Albanians in the historical record is attested in Byzantine source for the first time in 1079-1080, in a work titled History by Byzantine historian Michael Attaliates, who referred to the Albanoi as having taken part in a revolt against Constantinople in 1043 and to the Arbanitai as subjects of the duke of Dyrrachium.

The latter proposed a Franco-Mongol alliance between his forces, those of the West, and the Byzantine emperor Michael VIII Palaeologos ( Abaqa's father-in-law ).

He was proceeding to send legates to Michael VIII Palaeologus, the Byzantine emperor, in connection with the recent decisions of the Second Council of Lyons, when he died at Rome.

The second mission ( 860 ), requested by the Byzantine Emperor Michael III and the Patriarch of Constantinople Photius ( a professor of Cyril's at the University and his guiding light in earlier years ), was a missionary expedition to the Khazar Khaganate in order to prevent the expansion of Judaism there.

* 1078: the revolt of Nikephoros III against Byzantine ruler Michael VII

* Michael IV, Byzantine Emperor

* Michael V, Byzantine Emperor

* Michael VI, Byzantine Emperor