Mainly Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) but also Marin Mersenne ( 1588 – 1648 ), independently, discovered the complete laws of vibrating strings ( completing what Pythagoras and Pythagoreans had started 2000 years earlier ).

* 1564 – Playwright William Shakespeare was baptized in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire, England ( date of actual birth is unknown ).

* Alexandru Lăpuşneanu, Voivode of Moldavia ( 1552 – 1561 and 1564 – 1568 )

They were considered a Catholic innovation, not widely practiced until the 18th century, and were opposed vigorously in worship by a number of Protestant Reformers, including Martin Luther ( 1483 – 1546 ), John Calvin ( 1509 – 1564 ) and John Wesley ( 1703 – 1791 ).

Bernardino Ochino ( 1487, Siena, Republic of Siena – 1564, Austerlitz, Habsburg Moravia ) was an Italian Reformer.

This idea was already rejected as untenable by John Calvin ( 1509 – 1564 ), and by the time of Thomas Hobbes ( 1588 – 1679 ) it was recognised that the book must have been written much later than the period it depicted.

In 1543 De humani corporis fabrica, the first book on human anatomy, was published and printed in Basel by Andreas Vesalius ( 1514 – 1564 ).

* 1500 – Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian humanist ( d. 1564 )

* 1564 – Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer and physicist ( d. 1642 )

* 1564 – Christopher Marlowe, English dramatist ( d. 1593 )

* Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor ( 1503 – 1564 )

A Shakespeare Companion 1564 – 1964.

Shakespeare Companion, 1564 – 1964.

Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 )

The Italian mathematician, astronomer, and physicist Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) was the central figure in the Scientific Revolution and famous for his support for Copernianism, his astronomical discoveries, and his improvement of the telescope.

* Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi (~ 1564 – 1624 ) was part of " a reassertion of orthodoxy within Sufism " and was known to his followers as the ' renovator of the second millennium '.

* 1564 – The Council of Trent issues its conclusions in the Tridentinum, establishing a distinction between Roman Catholicism and Protestantism.

* 1509 – John Calvin, French theologian and pastor ( d. 1564 )

Kanem-Bornu peaked during the reign of the outstanding statesman Mai Idris Aluma ( c. 1564 – 1596 ).

His mother continued to play a principal role in politics, and she joined her son on a Grand Tour of the kingdom between 1564 and 1566, designed to reinstate crown authority.

After being badly damaged in a fire again in 1547, the then Grand Duke and ( the first Russian Tsar ) Ivan the Terrible began a restoration of the church, which was completed in 1564.

Born in Florence, he was the son of Cosimo I de ' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Eleanor of Toledo, and served as regent for his father starting in 1564.

Major administrative reforms took place in 1564 – 1566 in preparation for the second Statute of Lithuania and the overhaul of judicial system.

After Ivan failed to renew his commission, Kurbsky defected to Lithuania on April 30, 1564, citing impending repressions as his reason.

Alexandrov Sloboda ( the former name of the settlement ) served as the capital of Russia for three months ( December 1564 to February 1565 ) under Tsar Ivan the Terrible until he agreed to return his court and the relics of Moscow which he had taken with him.

In 1564, Prince Andrei Kurbsky, who had defected to the Lithuanians, led the Lithuanian army against Russia, devastating the Russian region of Velikiye Luki.

His daughter Urszula Mniszech, born in 1603, married prince Konstanty Wisniowiecki, voivode of Russia ( 1564 – 1641 ).

An Ukiyo-e print depicting the Battle of Azukizaka ( 1564 ) | Battle of Azukizaka.

A scene from the Battle of Varna ( 1444 ) on the Kronika wszystkiego świata of Marcin Bielski, published in 1564.

Sussex retired in frustration, and O ' Neill entered into a sustained offensive against the MacDonnells, ostensibly in the interests of ridding the English of Scottish interference in Ireland: he defeated Sorley Boy near Coleraine in the summer of 1564, laying waste his territory ; in 1565 he invaded the Glynns, destroying all Scottish settlements there, and at the Battle of Glentasie he won a decisive victory, in which James MacDonnell and Sorley Boy were taken prisoner and Dunluce Castle fell into O ' Neill's hands.

The Battle of Varna, as depicted in the 1564 edition of Martin Bielski's Polish Chronicle.

He fought an indecisive battle with Sorley Boy MacDonnell near Coleraine in 1564, and the following year marched from Antrim through the mountains by Clogh to the neighbourhood of Ballycastle, where he routed the MacDonnells at the Battle of Glentasie and took Sorley Boy prisoner.

Tokugawa Ieyasu unified the region and destroyed the power of the Jōdo Shinshū sect in the Battle of Azukizaka ( 1564 ).

* Honsho-ji – Buddhist temple that was the site of the Battle of Azukizaka ( 1564 )

Tokugawa Ieyasu attacked the Ikkō-ikki of Mikawa in 1564, in the Battle of Azukizaka, and failed to defeat them, but returned shortly afterwards with a contingent of warrior monks from his own religious sect, Jōdo shū, and, after defeating the Ikkō adherents in battle, burned all their temples to the ground.

In 1564, his forces, with the help of Jōdo sect warrior monks, defeated the Ikkō-ikki of Mikawa in the Battle of Azukizaka.

The Battle of Azukizaka ( 1564 ) | Battle of Azukizaka was the climactic clash between Ieyasu and the Ikki.

* Battle of Azukizaka ( 1564 )

John Calvin (, born: 10 July 150927 May 1564 ) was an influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation.

In 1564, Queen Elizabeth rode into the College's Hall on horseback, during a state visit to Cambridge.

Following a catastrophic clash with Shane O ' Neill, the real power in the province during these years, he came to Dublin in 1564 and in 1565, while still holding the office of Archbishop of Armagh, was offered the Deanery of St. Patrick ’ s Cathedral “ in lieu of better times ahead ”.

Hernando de Cataño was chosen to offer his medical services in Puerto Rico during Francisco Bahamonde de Lugo's tenure as Governor of Puerto Rico ( 1564 – 1568 ).

The policy of repression which in this capacity he pursued during the next five years secured for him many tangible rewards: in 1560 he was elevated to the archepiscopal see of Mechelen, and in 1561 he became a cardinal ; but the growing hostility of a people whose religious convictions he had set himself to oppose ultimately made it impossible for him to continue in the Netherlands ; and on the advice of his royal master he retired to Franche-Comté in March 1564.

It is named after the Rue du Bac, a street leading to a ferry ( bac ) across the Seine used in 1564 during the construction of the Tuileries Palace.

For the Russo-Swedish treaty concluded in Tartu ( Dorpat ) in 1564, during the Livonian War, see Treaty of Dorpat.

Paré detailed the technique of using ligatures to prevent hemorrhaging during amputation in his 1564 book Treatise on Surgery.

On 3 June 1564, Charles IX from Chalon, stopped in the town during his Royal Tour of France ( 1564 – 1566 ), accompanied by the Court and the nobles of his kingdom, including his brother the Duke of Anjou, Henry of Navarre, the cardinals of Bourbon and Lorraine.

From the internal references of the temple, it appears that the temple was restored during 1564 CE when new shrines were built.

He returned to Scotland upon Elizabeth I of England's urging during the marriage negotiations of Mary, Queen of Scots, in 1564.

The castle was the birthplace of Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland in 1564, during the period when his father, the 8th Earl, was guardian of the castle.

* Sultan Mudhaffar Shah ( c. 1530 – 1564 ), son of Sultan Ismail Shah, who died during an attack on Ayudhya ( Siam ).

It was made in 1564 during the reign of Mary Queen of Scots.

Queen Elizabeth I took to the ice frequently during the winter of 1564, to " shoot at marks ", and small boys played football on the ice.

In 1564 Isa Khan earned a property in Sonargaon and Maheswari Pargana during the reign of Taj Khan Karrani, the Karrani Afghan ruler of Bengal.

G. W. Sprott and Thomas Leishman, in the introduction to their edition of the Book of Common Order, and of the Westminster Directory published in 1868, collected a valuable series of notices as to the actual usage of the former book for the period ( 1564 – 1645 ) during which it was enjoined by ecclesiastical law.

The action of 12 July 1564 was an engagement between naval forces of Denmark-Norway and Sweden during the Northern Seven Years ' War.

Luís de Velasco ( 1511 – July 31, 1564 ) was the second viceroy of New Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Americas in the mid-sixteenth century.