Meanwhile Newton ( 1642 – 1727 ) derived the relationship for wave velocity in solids, a cornerstone of physical acoustics ( Principia, 1687 ).

* 1687 – Battle of Mohács: Charles of Lorraine defeats the Ottoman Empire.

Ahmed II was born at Topkapı Palace, Constantinople, the son of Sultan Ibrahim I ( 1640 – 48 ) by Valide Sultan Khadija Muazzez, and succeeded his brother Suleiman II ( 1687 – 91 ) in 1691.

* 1687 – Johann Georg Pisendel, German musician ( d. 1755 )

* 1650 – Nell Gwynne, English actress and royal mistress ( d. 1687 )

* 1687 – Johann Albrecht Bengel, German scholar ( d. 1757 )

* 1633 – Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer ( d. 1687 )

* 1687 – Isaac Newton publishes Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica.

* 1687 – Johann Balthasar Neumann, German architect ( d. 1753 )

John Alden ( 1599 – September 12, 1687 ) is said to be the first person from the Mayflower to set foot on Plymouth Rock in 1620.

* 1628 – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman ( d. 1687 )

The English term was first used by Henry More ( 1614 – 1687 ).

* 1772 – Durastante Natalucci, Italian historian ( b. 1687 )

There were a number of theologians who defended Calvinistic orthodoxy against Amyraut and Saumur, including Friedrich Spanheim ( 1600 – 1649 ) and Francis Turretin ( 1623 – 1687 ).

* 1687 – Sophia Dorothea of Hanover, Queen consort in Prussia ( d. 1757 )

* 1687 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, Italian-born French composer ( b. 1632 )

* 1687 – Explorer Robert Cavelier de La Salle, searching for the mouth of the Mississippi River, is murdered by his own men.

* 1643 – Robert Cavelier de La Salle, French explorer ( d. 1687 )

* 1632 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, French composer ( d. 1687 )

* 1687 – William Stukeley, English antiquarian ( d. 1765 )

* 1687 – Jean Baptiste Senaillé, French born Baroque composer and violin virtuoso ( d. 1730 )

This period of renewed assertiveness came to a calamitous end when Grand Vizier Kara Mustafa Pasha in May 1683 led a huge army to attempt a second Ottoman siege of Vienna in the Great Turkish War of 1683 – 1687.

* September 17 – Francesco Geminiani, Italian composer ( b. 1687 )

The Piraeus Lion was looted in 1687 by Francesco Morosini during his expedition against Athens and was carried to the Venetian Arsenal, where it still stands today.

Francesco Saverio Geminiani ( 5 December 1687 – 17 September 1762 ) was an Italian violinist, composer, and music theorist.

* September 17 – Francesco Geminiani, violinist and composer ( born 1687 )

Durastante Tommaso Francesco Emiliano Natalucci ( September 17, 1687 – May 22, 1772 ) was an Italian historian who specialized in history of Trevi, in Umbria.

* June 1 – Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer ( d. 1687 )

* May 22 – Durastante Natalucci, Italian historian ( b. 1687 )

Simpson's system of taxonomy, however, was far from the first ; taxonomies / descriptions for the classification of intersexuality were developed by Italian physician and physicist Fortuné Affaitati in 1549, French surgeon Ambroise Paré in 1573, French physician and sexology pioneer Nicolas Venette in 1687 ( under the pseudonym Vénitien Salocini ), and French Zoologist Isidore Geoffroy St. Hilaire in 1832.

The scene was imaginatively reconstructed by the Italian priest Cavazzi and printed as an engraving in his book of 1687.

Geminiano Montanari ( June 1, 1633 – October 13, 1687 ) was an Italian astronomer, lens-maker, and proponent of the experimental approach to science.

Durastante Natalucci ( 1687 – 1772 ) was an Italian historian who specialized in the history of Trevi.

** Marco Liberi, Italian painter of mythologic and historic cabinet paintings ( died 1687 )

Giambattista Pittoni ( June 6, 1687 – November 6, 1767 ) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque or Rococo period, active mainly in his native Venice.

* January 3 – Willem de Fesch, violinist and composer ( born 1687 )

* February 26 – Johann Adam Birkenstock, violinist and composer ( born 1687 )

* October 15-Jean Baptiste Senaillé, virtuoso violinist and composer ( born 1687 )

Johann Georg Pisendel ( 26 December 1687 – 25 November 1755 ) was a German Baroque musician, violinist and composer who, for many years, led the Court Orchestra in Dresden, then the finest instrumental ensemble in Europe.

* November 28 – Jean-Baptiste Lully, Italian-born French composer ( d. 1687 )

* October 16 – Sylvius Leopold Weiss, German composer and lutenist ( b. 1687 )

Constantijn Huygens ( September 4, 1596March 28, 1687 ), was a Dutch Golden Age poet and composer.

* Sylvius Leopold Weiss ( 1687 – 1750 ), German composer and lutenist

* Willem de Fesch ( 1687 ), composer

* Jean-Baptiste Lully ( 1632 – 1687 ), an Italian-born Baroque composer of French opera

* Michael Wise ( 1648 – 1687 ), English composer

* Constantijn Huygens ( 1596 – 1687 ), Dutch poet and composer

** Charles King, choir-master and composer ( born 1687 )

* November 25 – Johann Georg Pisendel, composer ( born 1687 )

Jean Rousseau ( 1 October 1644 – 1 June 1699 ) was a French viol player, theorist, composer, and author remembered principally for his Traité de la viole ( 1687 ), a valuable source of information on the performance practices of his time, as well as on techniques used in the construction of viols ( Green 2001 ).

* October 16 – Sylvius Leopold Weiss, lutenist and composer ( born 1687 )

* date unknown – Johann Ernst Galliard, composer ( born 1687 )

** William Hine, organist and composer ( born 1687 )