* 1867 – Philipp August Böckh, German scholar and antiquarian ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – Thomas De Quincey, English author ( d. 1859 )

* 1785 – Oliver Hazard Perry, American naval officer ( d. 1819 )

* 1785 – William Whitehead, English writer ( b. 1715 )

* 1785 – Alexandre Pierre François Boëly, French composer ( d. 1858 )

* Benjamin Franklin: First American Diplomat, 1776 – 1785 US State Department

Carlo-Maria ( Ajaccio 1746 – Montpellier 1785 ) married Maria Letizia Ramolino ( Ajaccio 1750 – Rome 1836 ) in 1764.

The current resistance to Russian rule has its roots in the late 18th century ( 1785 – 1791 ), a period when Russia expanded into territories formerly under the dominion of Turkey and Persia ( see also the Russo-Turkish Wars and Russo-Persian War ( 1804 – 1813 )), under Mansur Ushurma — a Chechen Naqshbandi ( Sufi ) Sheikh — with wavering support from other North Caucasian tribes.

In 1832, Lyell married Mary Horner of Bonn, daughter of Leonard Horner ( 1785 – 1864 ), also associated with the Geological Society of London.

* 1785 – Dorothea Lieven, Russian noblewoman ( d. 1857 )

* 1696 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia ( d. 1785 )

* 1714 – Gottfried August Homilius, German composer ( d. 1785 )

* 1756 – Karel Blažej Kopřiva, Czech composer ( d. 1785 )

In Hesse-Kassel, the Landgrave Frederick II, ruled 1760 – 1785 as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers ( called " Hessians ") to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War.

The Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 ) not only wrote the popular Grimm's Fairy Tales, but were among the founding fathers of German philology and German studies.

File: Grimm. jpg | Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 )

* Arndt, Karl J. R. George Rapp's Harmony Society, 1785 – 1847.

* 1714 – Jean-Baptiste Pigalle, French sculptor ( d. 1785 )

* 1716 – George Germain, 1st Viscount Sackville, British soldier and politician ( d. 1785 )

* 1841 – David Wilkie, Scottish artist ( b. 1785 )

* 1785 – The dollar is unanimously chosen as the monetary unit for the United States.

* Karl Andreas Wilhelm Freymark ( 1785 – 1855 ), titled bishop, first general superintendent of the ecclesiastical province of Posen between 1829 and 1853

* c. 93, 800 manuscripts ; the catalogue is the work of librarian Johann Andreas Schmeller ( 1785 – 1852 ).

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

First attested in English in 1785, the word camelopardalis comes from the Latin, and it is the romanisation of the Greek " καμηλοπάρδαλις " meaning " giraffe ", from " κάμηλος " ( kamēlos ), " camel " + " πάρδαλις " ( pardalis ), " leopard ", due to its having a long neck like a camel and spots like a leopard.

The word " parachute " comes from the French prefix paracete, originally from the Greek, meaning to protect against, and chute, the French word for " fall ", and it was originally coined, as a hybrid word which meant literally " that which protects against a fall ", by the French aeronaut François Blanchard ( 1753 – 1809 ) in 1785.

Ten of these orations had been known ever since the revival of letters in the Renaissance, and were printed in the collections of Greek orators ; but the eleventh, On Menecles ' legacy (), was first published in 1785 from a Florentine manuscript by Tyrwhitt, and later by Orelli in 1814.

It is claimed that he was the first writer to call attention to the philological connection of Sanskrit with Persian, Arabic, Greek and Latin. In 1785 he returned to England, and from 1790 – 1795 was Member of Parliament for Lymington, Hants.

Beck was born at Leipzig and studied at Leipzig University, where in 1785 he was appointed professor of Greek and Latin literature.

Other notable buildings include the Trinity Church ( 1733, rebuilt a century later ), the Greek magistrate ( 1785 ), and the Neoclassical complex of the Nizhyn Lyceum ( designed by Luigi Rusca, built in 1805-17, expanded in 1876-79 ).

Its famous buildings are the newly renovated building of the forestry office, the Gyula Feledy Gallery, a statue of József Lévay, and a Greek Orthodox church built between 1785 and 1806 with the largest iconostasis of Central Europe and the largest Greek Orthodox church museum of the country.

* 1873 – George Ormerod, English historian and antiquarian ( b. 1785 )

* October 9 – George Ormerod, English historian and antiquarian ( b. 1785 )

* Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann ( 1785 – 1860 ), historian, statesman

The expulsion in 1837 of the seven professors – Die Göttinger Sieben – the Germanist, Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht ( 1800 – 1876 ); the historian Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann ( 1785 – 1860 ); the orientalist Georg Heinrich August Ewald ( 1803 – 1875 ); the historian Georg Gottfried Gervinus ( 1805 – 1875 ); the physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber ( 1804 – 1891 ); and the philologists, the brothers Jakob ( 1785 – 1863 ) and Wilhelm Grimm ( 1786 – 1859 ), for protesting against the revocation by King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover of the liberal constitution of 1833, further reduced the prosperity of the university.

Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann ( 13 May 1785, Wismar – 5 December 1860, Bonn ) was a German historian and politician.

* Sir William Francis Patrick Napier ( 1785 – 1860 ), soldier and military historian

Nachman Kohen Krochmal ( born in Brody, Galicia, on 17 February 1785 ; died at Ternopil on 31 July 1840 ) was a Jewish Galician philosopher, theologian, and historian.

General Sir William Francis Patrick Napier KCB ( 7 December 1785 – 12 February 1860 ), Irish soldier in the British Army and military historian, third son of Colonel George Napier ( 1751 – 1804 ) and his wife, Lady Sarah Lennox ( 1845-1826 ) was born at Celbridge, near Dublin.

* John Colin Dunlop ( c. 1785 – 1842 ), Scottish historian

* Philippe-Alexandre Le Brun de Charmettes ( 1785 – 1870 ), French historian, poet, and official

Arvid August Afzelius (; October 8, 1785, Fjällåkra – September 25, 1871, Enköping ) was a Swedish pastor, poet, historian and mythologist.

After eight years of research, historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich produced A Midwife's Tale: The Life of Martha Ballard based on her diary, 1785 – 1812:

* Nachman Krochmal ( 1785 – 1840 ), a philosopher, theologian, and historian.

In 1785 the Company purchased a collection of Revolutionary broadsheets pamphlets and other ephemera that had been assiduously collected by a would-be historian, of which no other copies have survived.