Albert Sidney Johnston ( February 2, 1803 – April 6, 1862 ) served as a general in three different armies: the Texas Army, the United States Army, and the Confederate States Army.

* 1803 – Louisiana Purchase: The United States purchases the Louisiana Territory from France for $ 15 million, more than doubling the size of the young nation.

* 1803 – Edward Beecher, American theologian ( d. 1895 )

* 1803 – Vladimir Odoevsky, Russian philosopher and writer ( d. 1869 )

In the mid-19th century important leaders included Transcendentalists such as Ralph Waldo Emerson ( 1803 – 1882 ) and Henry David Thoreau ( 1817 – 1862 ).

* 1803 – Joseph Paxton, English gardener and architect, designed The Crystal Palace ( d. 1865 )

* 1803 – Thousands of meteor fragments fall from the skies of L ' Aigle, France ; the event convinces European science that meteors exist.

* 1736 – Johann Christoph Kellner, German organist and composer ( d. 1803 )

* 1744 – Johann Gottfried Herder, German writer ( d. 1803 )

* 1803 – Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias, Brazilian military commander ( d. 1880 )

The Captainship General of Cuba, encompassing Cuba and the governorships of Florida ( safe the English occupation between 1763 – 83 ), Santo Domingo ( until 1795 ), Puerto Rico, and the entire Louisiana Territory ( 1763 – 1803 )

* 1803 – Lewis and Clark start their expedition to the west by leaving Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at 11 in the morning.

* 1719 – Johann Wilhelm Ludwig Gleim, German poet ( d. 1803 )

* 1724 – Giovanni Battista Casti, Italian poet and author ( d. 1803 )

* 1882 – Ralph Waldo Emerson, American essayist ( b. 1803 )

* 1721 – Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford, English politician ( d. 1803 )

During the Helvetic Republic ( 1798 – 1803 ), the county of Baden, the Freie Ämter and the region known as the Kelleramt were combined into the Canton of Baden.

** 1802 – 1803 Johann Heinrich Rothpletz ( b. 1766 – d. 1833 )

** 10 March 1803 – 26 April 1803 Johann Rudolf Dolder ( b. 1753 – d. 1807 )

* February 23 – Albrecht Graf von Roon, Prime Minister of Prussia ( b. 1803 )

The expulsion in 1837 of the seven professors – Die Göttinger Sieben – the Germanist, Wilhelm Eduard Albrecht ( 1800 – 1876 ); the historian Friedrich Christoph Dahlmann ( 1785 – 1860 ); the orientalist Georg Heinrich August Ewald ( 1803 – 1875 ); the historian Georg Gottfried Gervinus ( 1805 – 1875 ); the physicist Wilhelm Eduard Weber ( 1804 – 1891 ); and the philologists, the brothers Jakob ( 1785 – 1863 ) and Wilhelm Grimm ( 1786 – 1859 ), for protesting against the revocation by King Ernest Augustus I of Hanover of the liberal constitution of 1833, further reduced the prosperity of the university.

The University of Tartu Botanical Gardens | Botanical Garden was founded by Gottfried Albrecht Germann in 1803.

Albrecht Theodor Emil Graf von Roon ( 30 April 1803 – 23 February 1879 ) was a Prussian soldier and statesman.

* GFM Albrecht Theodore Emil, Graf von Roon ( 1803 – 1879 ) – previous 3rd Class Knight, automatically awarded the Grand Cross in conjunction with being awarded with the Order of the Black Eagle, ca 1866, for service during the war with Austria, immediately after his success at the battle of Nikolsburg.

* Major ( later Field Marshal ) Albrecht von Roon ( 1803 – 1879 ) – awarded the Knights Cross, 3rd Class for actions and service during the Baden insurrection, 1848

Further observations were made by the German explorer Alexander von Humboldt during his South American journey from 1799 to 1803.

Johann Gottfried von Herder ( 1744 – 1803 ) broke new ground in philosophy and poetry, as a leader of the Sturm und Drang movement of proto-Romanticism.

* 1803 – Justus von Liebig, German chemist ( d. 1873 )

* Johann Gottfried von Herder ( 1744 – 1803 ) German.

* April 18 – Justus von Liebig, German chemist ( b. 1803 )

Weismann was born a son of high school teacher Johann ( Jean ) Konrad Weismann ( 1804 – 1880 ), a graduate of ancient languages and theology, and his wife Elise ( 1803 – 1850 ), née Lübbren, the daughter of the county councillor and mayor von Stade, on January 17, 1834 in Frankfurt am Main.

They were finally secularised in the 1803 German Mediatisation upon the territorial losses to France in the Treaty of Lunéville, except for the Mainz prince-archbishop and German archchancellor Karl Theodor Anton Maria von Dalberg, who continued to rule as Prince of Aschaffenburg and Regensburg.

Count Nikolay Rumyantsev funded Russia's first naval circumnavigation under the joint command of Adam Johann von Krusenstern and Nikolai Rezanov in 1803 – 1806, and was instrumental in the outfitting of the voyage of the Riurik's circumnavigation of 1814 – 1816, which provided substantial scientific information on Alaska's and California's flora and fauna, and important ethnographic information on Alaskan and Californian ( among others ) natives.

* Friedrich Schiller-Die Braut von Messina ( The Bride of Messina, 1803 )

House where Alexander von Humboldt lived in Mexico City in 1803, located at 80 Rep. de Uruguay in the Centro ( Mexico City ) | historic centre of the town, just south of the Zocalo.

Alexander von Humboldt mentions it in his Political Treatise on the Kingdom of New Spain ( 1803 ), noting that a very strong version of mezcal was being manufactured clandestinely in the districts of Valladolid ( Morelia ), Mexico State, Durango and Nuevo León.

In 1803, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote a poem based on the story that was later set to music by Hugo Wolf.

In collaboration with Varnhagen von Ense, he founded ( 1803 ) the Berliner Musenalmanach, in which his first verses appeared.

After attending the St Petersburg school of cadets, he accompanied Adam Johann von Krusenstern on his voyage of 1803 – 1806.

The smaller territories of Sulzbach and Neuburg came to Bavaria in 1742, while the city of Regensburg, an Imperial Free City, was not joined with the rest of the region until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806 and the end of the short-lived Principality of Regensburg under Carl von Dalberg, which existed from 1803 to 1810.

Friedrich Karl von Savigny lectured as privat lecturer in Marburg University in 1802 / 1803 ( Friedrich Karl von Savigny, Juristische Methodenlehre, K. F.

* September-Karl von Marinelli, actor and dramatist ( died 1803 )

* Histoire des Suisses ou Helvetiens ( 4 vols., Geneva, 1803 ) ( mainly an abridgment of J von Müller's great history )

* Hieronymus von Colloredo 1772 – 1812 ( last prince-archbishop, lost temporal power in 1803 after secularization )

He was made honorary Colonel-in-Chief of the Hanoverian Guard Foot Regiment 1789 – 1803, but his military training began in 1791, when he and Prince Ernest went to Hanover to study under the supervision of the Hanoverian commander Field Marshal von Freytag.

Johann Gottfried von Herder ( 25 August 174418 December 1803 ) was a German philosopher, theologian, poet, and literary critic.

* Eric Johan von Fieandt 1803