In 1805, English instructor and natural philosopher John Dalton used the concept of atoms to explain why elements always react in ratios of small whole numbers ( the law of multiple proportions ) and why certain gases dissolved better in water than others.

In 1805, the chemist John Dalton published his first table of relative atomic weights, listing six elements, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, sulfur, and phosphorus, and assigning hydrogen an atomic weight of 1.

The first table of atomic weights was published by John Dalton ( 1766 – 1844 ) in 1805, based on a system in which the atomic weight of hydrogen was defined as 1.

* 1805 – John Dalton: Atomic Theory in ( Chemistry )

Many Greek sculptures followed, notably the first purpose-built exhibition space, the Charles Towneley collection, much of it Roman Sculpture, in 1805.

Goethe's translation ( 1805 ) was the first introduction of Le Neveu de Rameau to the European public.

The first of the Georgian docks was the West India ( opened 1802 ), followed by the London ( 1805 ), the East India ( also 1805 ), the Surrey ( 1807 ), St Katharine ( 1828 ) and the West India South ( 1829 ).

Founded in 1805 by Father Edward Fenwick, afterwards first Bishop of Cincinnati, Ohio ( 1821 – 1832 ), this province has developed slowly, but now ranks among the most flourishing and active provinces of the order.

* In 1805, Philipp Bozzini made the first attempt to observe inside the living human body using a tube he named Lichtleiter ( light-guiding instrument ) to examine the urinary tract, the rectum, and the pharynx.

The increased tribute demand was refused, a United States of America naval force blockaded Tripoli, and the First Barbary War continued on until 3 June 1805 resulting in the repatriation of 300 US sailors and the first time the US flag had been raised in victory on foreign soil.

They first settled and built the town of Harmony, Pennsylvania, in 1804, and established the Harmony Society in 1805 as a religious commune.

Michel Maittaire ( 1667 – 1747 ) and Georg Wolfgang Panzer ( 1729 – 1805 ) arranged printed material chronologically in annals format, and in the first half of the nineteenth century, Ludwig Hain published, Repertorium bibliographicum — a checklist of incunabula arranged alphabetically by author: " Hain numbers " are still a reference point.

Nez Perce is a misnomer given by the interpreter of the Lewis and Clark Expedition at the time they first encountered the Nez Perce in 1805.

The Royal Arsenal's first demonstration of solid fuel rockets was in 1805.

The first German celebration on a fairly large scale was held in 1805 ( the 1150th anniversary of his death ), followed by a similar celebration in a number of towns in 1855 ; both of these were predominantly Catholic affairs, which emphasized the role of Boniface in German history as opposed to Protestant views on the role of Martin Luther, and especially the 1855 celebrations were an expression of German Catholic nationalism.

The first example of the modern genre, Roget's Thesaurus, was compiled in 1805 by Peter Mark Roget, and published in 1852.

The mine was first opened in 1805 and continued its operation until the end of the nineteenth century, when a workforce of 300 produced 8, 500 t of crude zinc annually.

The opera was first produced in a three-act version at Vienna's Theater an der Wien, on 20 November 1805, with additional performances the following two nights.

His first attempt, for the 1805 premiere, is believed to have been the overture now known as " Leonore No. 2 ".

He found no difficulty in obtaining a grant for foreign travel from the government, and he left his native country for the first time, joining Steffens at Halle in August 1805.

William Butler Ogden ( June 15, 1805 – August 3, 1877 ) was the first Mayor of Chicago.

The first published indications of this idea are to be found at the end of his paper on the absorption of gases already mentioned, which was read on 21 October 1803, though not published until 1805.

In 1805, Thomas Malthus became England's first professor of political economy, at the East India Company College, Haileybury, Hertfordshire.

Gogel's General Taxation Plan was finally enacted in June, 1805 ; a first government-approved attempt at unification of the Dutch spelling was made ; an embryonic Department of Agriculture and Department of Hydraulics were formed, to foreshadow the later government departments ; even a Pharmacopeia Batavia started the regulation of drugs ; and the School Law of 1806 organized a national system of public elementary education.

Most importantly perhaps, the local-government law of July, 1805, founded the first Dutch system of public administration.

On Thursday, December 12, 1805, in the ninth Congress, Senator Stephen Row Bradley of Vermont gave notice that he would, bring in a bill to prohibit the importation of certain persons therein described " into any port or place within the jurisdiction of the United States, from and after the first day of January ", which will be " in the year of our Lord 1808 ", The " certain persons " were described as being slaves on Monday, December 16, 1805.

It may be noted that in a paper on the proportion of the gases or elastic fluids constituting the atmosphere, read by him in November 1802, the law of multiple proportions appears to be anticipated in the words: " The elements of oxygen may combine with a certain portion of nitrous gas or with twice that portion, but with no intermediate quantity ", but there is reason to suspect that this sentence may have been added some time after the reading of the paper, which was not published until 1805.

By 1805 Jacquard had eliminated the paper strip from Vaucanson ’ s mechanism and returned to using Falcon ’ s chain of punched cards.

Griswold continued with the paper until the spring of 1805 when he received the appointment of Secretary to the new Territory of Michigan from President Thomas Jefferson.

; 1805: Improvements to paper manufacture and printing ( Pat.

In 1805, a Mrs Trimmer published a paper claiming Lancaster's system was antagonistic to the National Church.

Bertin returned to Paris in 1805, after the proclamation of the Empire, and resumed the management of the paper, the title of which had been changed by order of Napoleon to that of Journal de l ' Empire.

In the short and disastrous war of 1805 Archduke Charles commanded what was intended to be the main army in Italy, but events made Germany the decisive theatre of operations ; Austria sustained defeat on the Danube, and the archduke was defeated by Massena in the Battle of Caldiero.

As early as 1805, Gay-Lussac and von Humboldt showed that water is formed of two volumes of hydrogen and one volume of oxygen, and by 1811 Amedeo Avogadro had arrived at the correct interpretation of water's composition, based on what is now called Avogadro's law and the assumption of diatomic elemental molecules.

On August 27, 1805, Pike camped on the present day site of Davenport.

Jenner became a member of the Medical and Chirurgical Society on its founding in 1805 and presented a number of papers there.

**** Weimar Classicism ( 1788 – 1805 ) or ( 1788 – 1832 ), depending on Schiller's ( 1805 ) or Goethe's ( 1832 ) death

In 1805, Napoleon planned to invade Britain, but a renewed British alliance with Russia and Austria ( Third Coalition ), forced him to turn his attention towards the continent, while at the same time failure to lure the superior British fleet away from the English Channel, ending in a decisive French defeat at the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October put an end to hopes of an invasion of Britain.

Despite this naval defeat, it was on the ground that this war would be won, Napoleon inflicted the Austrian and Russian Empires one of their greatest defeats at Austerlitz ( also known as the " Battle of the Three Emperors " on 2 December 1805 ), destroying the Third Coalition.

In 1805, Thomas Young defined the contact angle θ by analyzing the forces acting on a fluid droplet resting on a solid surface surrounded by a gas.

John Bruce's original family name was Knight, but on coming of age in 1805 he assumed the name of Bruce: his mother, through whom he inherited the Duffryn estate, was the daughter of William Bruce, high sheriff of Glamorganshire.

* Wetzel, Richard D. Frontier Musicians on the Connoquenessing, Wabash, and Ohio: A History of the Music and Musicians of George Rapp's Harmony Society ( 1805 – 1906 ).

In 1805 the Nez Perce were the largest tribe on the Columbia River Plateau, with a population of about 6, 000.

* The French Revolutionary Calendar, in force in France from 1793 to 1805 and briefly under the Paris Commune in 1871, began the calendar year on the day of the Southward equinox-September 22, 23 or 24.

This led to its influence on Napoleon and Girodet's 1805 painting Ossian receiving the Ghosts of the French Heroes ( see above ).

Part of this research benefited from the knowledge already expounded on in a book ( printed in German in 1794, in Czech in 1801 ), written by František Ondřej Poupě ( Ger: Franz Andreas Paupie ) ( 1753 – 1805 ) from Brno.

In 1804, he had moved from the University of Kiel to the University of Landshut, but, on being commanded by King Maximilian Joseph to draft a penal code for Bavaria ( Strafgesetzbuch für das Königreich Bayern ), in 1805 he moved to Munich where he was given a high appointment in the Ministry of Justice and was ennobled in 1808.

Some Native Americans captured Europeans and used them as both labourers and bargaining chips ; see for example John R. Jewitt, an Englishman who wrote a memoir about his years as a captive of the Nootka people on the Pacific Northwest Coast from 1802 – 1805.

Roget's Thesaurus is a widely used English language thesaurus, created by Dr. Peter Mark Roget ( 1779 – 1869 ) in 1805 and released to the public on 29 April 1852.

Conceiving that such a compilation might help to supply my own deficiencies, I had, in the year 1805, completed a classed catalogue of words on a small scale, but on the same principle, and nearly in the same form, as the Thesaurus now published.

* Duncan, Francis, A Description of the Island Of St Helena Containing Observations on its Singular Structure and Formation and an Account of its Climate, Natural History, and Inhabitants, London, Printed For R Phillips, 6 Bridge Street, Blackfriars, 1805