* 1812 – British forces under the command of the Duke of Wellington assault the fortress of Badajoz.

* 1812 – Alexander Herzen, Russian writer ( d. 1870 )

* 1812 – The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U. S. state under the name Louisiana.

* 1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German mystery boy ( d. 1833 )

* 1812 – Bertalan Szemere, Hungarian politician ( d. 1869 )

* 1812 – War of 1812: The Battle of Fort Dearborn is fought between United States troops and Potawatomi at what is now Chicago, Illinois.

* 1812 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army.

* 1812 – War of 1812: American frigate defeats the British frigate off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning her nickname " Old Ironsides ".

He was one of the founders of the Geological Society of London in 1807 and was its honorary secretary in 1812 – 1817.

Andrew Johnson was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, to Jacob Johnson ( 1778 – 1812 ) and Mary (" Polly ") McDonough ( 1783 – 1856 ), a seamstress and the daughter of Andrew McDonough.

* 1812 – Peninsula War: A coalition of Spanish, British, and Portuguese forces succeed in lifting the two-and-a-half-year-long Siege of Cádiz.

* Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( 28 January 1880, Madrid – 1970 ), married in 1922 to María de Guadalupe de Limantour y Mariscal ( d. 1977, Marbella ), daughter of Julio de Limantour y Marquet ( 17 June 1863, Mexico City – 11 October 1909, Mexico City ) and wife Elena Mariscal y ..., paternal granddaughter of French Joseph Yves de Limantour y Rence de la Pagame ( 1812, Ploemeur – 1885, Mexico City ) and wife Adèle Marquet y Cabannes ( 1820, Bordeaux –?

* 1768 – Joseph Dennie, American author and journalist ( d. 1812 )

* 1812 – Agoston Haraszthy Hungarian-American traveler, writer, and winemaker, founded Buena Vista Winery ( d. 1869 )

* 1812 – Peninsular War: French troops engage British-Portuguese forces in the Battle of Majadahonda.

* 1748 – Joseph Schuster, German composer ( d. 1812 )

* 1813 – War of 1812: United States troops capture the capital of Upper Canada in the Battle of York ( present day Toronto, Canada ).

* Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym: 1718 – 1812

This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

" The Star-Spangled Banner " has special meaning to Baltimore historically, as it was written during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812 by Francis Scott Key, a Baltimorean.

Opposed to Prussia's enforced alliance with Napoleon I, he left the Prussian army and served in the Russian army from 1812 to 1813 during the Russian Campaign, including the Battle of Borodino.

In 1803, the United States Army built Fort Dearborn, which was destroyed in the War of 1812, Battle of Fort Dearborn.

British heavy dragoons made devastating charges against French infantry at the Battle of Salamanca in 1812 and at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

During the War of 1812, the Detroit River served as a major barrier between the American Michigan Territory and British Upper Canada, especially during the Battle of Fort Detroit in August 1812, when Detroit briefly fell to the British.

Winfield Scott leading a line of American infantry at the Battle of Chippawa during the War of 1812.

* 1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Stoney Creek – A British force of 700 under John Vincent defeats an American force two times its size under William Winder and John Chandler.

* 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Lundy's Lane – reinforcements arrive near Niagara Falls for General Riall's British and Canadian forces and a bloody, all-night battle with Jacob Brown's Americans commences at 18. 00 ; the Americans retreat to Fort Erie.

* 1814 – War of 1812: Battle of Chippawa – American Major General Jacob Brown defeats British General Phineas Riall at Chippawa, Ontario.

* 1815 – War of 1812: Battle of New Orleans – Andrew Jackson leads American forces in victory over the British.

* 1812 – Napoleonic Wars: Peninsular War – Battle of Salamanca – British forces led by Arthur Wellesley ( later the Duke of Wellington ) defeat French troops near Salamanca, Spain.

The Battle of Lake Champlain, also known as the Battle of Plattsburgh, fought on September 11, 1814, ended the final British invasion of the northern states during the War of 1812.

* 1814 – War of 1812: In central Alabama, U. S. forces under General Andrew Jackson defeat the Creek at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend.

* 1813 – War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm – British and Canadian forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign.

* 1812 – War of 1812: 17 Indiana Rangers are killed at the Battle of Wild Cat Creek.

British infantry attempt to scale the walls of Siege of Badajoz ( 1812 ) | Badajoz, Peninsular War, 1812

Meanwhile, in the Peninsular War, Arthur Wellesley renewed the Anglo-Portuguese advance into Spain just after New Year in 1812, besieging and capturing the fortified towns of Ciudad Rodrigo, Badajoz, and in the Battle of Salamanca ( which was a damaging defeat to the French ).

In 1812, the Earl of Wellington ( the future Duke of Wellington ) again attempted to take Badajoz, which had a French garrison of about 5, 000 men.

Napier volunteered to return to the Iberian Peninsula in 1810 to fight again against Napoleon in Portugal-notably in the Battle of the Côa, where he had two horses shot out from under him, in the Battle of Bussaco, in the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro, and in the Battle of Badajoz ( 1812 ) ( the second siege of Badajoz ) in Castile, Spain, in which he was a lieutenant colonel in the 102nd regiment.

On 7 April 1812 ( the day following the storming of Badajoz ) a well-born Spanish lady, whose entire property in the city had been destroyed, presented herself at the British lines seeking protection from the licence of the soldiery for herself and her sister, a child of fourteen.

The Division was part of the British forces that took part in the Peninsular War and fought in the Battle of Sabugal, Battle of Orthez, Battle of Badajoz ( 1812 ), Battle of Salamanca, Battle of Nivelle, Battle of Fuentes de Onoro, Battle of Vitoria, Battle of Bussaco and the Battle of the Pyrenees

The 5th Division during the Peninsular War under the command of General James Leith was present at most of the major engagements including the Battle of Bussaco, the Battle of Sabugal, the Siege of Almeida ( 1811 ), the Battle of Badajoz ( 1812 ), the Battle of Salamanca, the Battle of Vitoria, the Siege of San Sebastian, the Battle of Nivelle and the Battle of the Nive.

It returned to Portugal in 1810 with the 5th Division, fighting at the Battle of Buçaco ( 1810 ), the Battle of Fuentes de Onoro ( 1811 ), the battles of Badajoz, Salamanca and Burgos ( 1812 ), the Battle of Vitoria, capture of San Sebastián, Battle of Nivelle, and the Battle of Nive ( 1813 ), before advancing into France in 1814.

In May 1812, after the capture of Badajoz, Hill led a second raid that destroyed a key bridge in the Battle of Almaraz.

# An Act of Courage ( 2005 ): Hervey imprisoned at Badajoz at Christmas 1826, with further flashbacks to the Battle of Talavera in 1809 and the Siege of Badajoz in 1812.

He returned to England to recover, and was made a baronet on 14 December 1812, and awarded a pension and the Army Gold Cross for Talavera, Bussaco, Ciudad Rodrigo, and Badajoz.

The 95th fought in numerous major battles and skirmishes during the campaign as part of the elite Light Division, including the battles of Bussaco, Vittoria and Nivelle as well as the sieges of Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz 1812.

He served at the siege of Badajoz, Spain in 1812, where he was wounded severely.

In 1812, at the age of fourteen, she found herself orphaned and only with a sister, when her home town Badajoz was besieged for the fourth time during the Peninsular War.

** 16 March-Battle of Badajoz ( 1812 )

* Badajoz, 1812,

The regiment would then be commanded by a former staff officer of General Sir Thomas Picton, Colonel Windham from the siege and storming of Badajoz until his death shortly before the Battle of Salamanca ( 1812 ).

After the fall of Badajoz, he distinguished himself in the battle of Villagarcia ( or Llerena ) on 11 April 1812, temporarily commanding Anson's brigade.