* 1812 – British forces under the command of the Duke of Wellington assault the fortress of Badajoz.

* 1812 – Alexander Herzen, Russian writer ( d. 1870 )

* 1812 – The Territory of Orleans becomes the 18th U. S. state under the name Louisiana.

* 1812 – Kaspar Hauser, German mystery boy ( d. 1833 )

* 1812 – Bertalan Szemere, Hungarian politician ( d. 1869 )

* 1812 – War of 1812: The Battle of Fort Dearborn is fought between United States troops and Potawatomi at what is now Chicago, Illinois.

* 1812 – War of 1812: American General William Hull surrenders Fort Detroit without a fight to the British Army.

* 1812 – War of 1812: American frigate defeats the British frigate off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning her nickname " Old Ironsides ".

He was one of the founders of the Geological Society of London in 1807 and was its honorary secretary in 1812 – 1817.

Andrew Johnson was born in Raleigh, North Carolina, to Jacob Johnson ( 1778 – 1812 ) and Mary (" Polly ") McDonough ( 1783 – 1856 ), a seamstress and the daughter of Andrew McDonough.

* 1812 – Peninsula War: A coalition of Spanish, British, and Portuguese forces succeed in lifting the two-and-a-half-year-long Siege of Cádiz.

* Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( 28 January 1880, Madrid – 1970 ), married in 1922 to María de Guadalupe de Limantour y Mariscal ( d. 1977, Marbella ), daughter of Julio de Limantour y Marquet ( 17 June 1863, Mexico City – 11 October 1909, Mexico City ) and wife Elena Mariscal y ..., paternal granddaughter of French Joseph Yves de Limantour y Rence de la Pagame ( 1812, Ploemeur – 1885, Mexico City ) and wife Adèle Marquet y Cabannes ( 1820, Bordeaux –?

* 1768 – Joseph Dennie, American author and journalist ( d. 1812 )

* 1812 – Agoston Haraszthy Hungarian-American traveler, writer, and winemaker, founded Buena Vista Winery ( d. 1869 )

* 1812 – Peninsular War: French troops engage British-Portuguese forces in the Battle of Majadahonda.

* 1748 – Joseph Schuster, German composer ( d. 1812 )

* 1813 – War of 1812: United States troops capture the capital of Upper Canada in the Battle of York ( present day Toronto, Canada ).

* Principality of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym: 1718 – 1812

The latter, members of two regiments of Swiss mercenaries transported by Great Britain to Canada to fight the Americans in the War of 1812, had settled in Montreal and Kingston at the close of the war in 1815.

This refusal to accept any renunciation of allegiance to the Crown led to conflict with the United States over impressment, and then led to further conflicts even during the War of 1812, when thirteen Irish American prisoners of war were executed as traitors after the Battle of Queenston Heights ; Winfield Scott urged American reprisal, but none was carried out.

* War of 1812

His father, Ulysses F. Doubleday, fought in the War of 1812, published newspapers and books, and represented Auburn, New York for four years in the United States Congress.

* Uncle Sam ( initials U. S .) is a common national personification of the American government that according to legend came into use during the War of 1812 and was supposedly named for Samuel Wilson a meat packer in New York, who supplied rations for the soldiers.

With the American Revolutionary War came " Brother Jonathan " as another personification and finally after the War of 1812 Uncle Sam appeared.

These were followed by significant numbers of freed Africans in the War of 1812, Irish immigrants in the mid 19th century and Dutch immigrants after World War II.

" The Star-Spangled Banner " has special meaning to Baltimore historically, as it was written during the Battle of Baltimore in the War of 1812 by Francis Scott Key, a Baltimorean.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

The most serious breach in the relationship was the War of 1812, which saw an American invasion of then British North America and counter-invasions from British-Canadian forces.

Three were completed when the War of 1812 broke out ; these were the Santee Canal ( opened 1800 ) in South Carolina, the Middlesex Canal ( opened 1802 ) in Massachusetts and the Dismal Swamp Canal ( opened 1805 ) in Virginia.

The Rideau Canal was built as a result of the War of 1812 to provide military transportation between the British colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada as an alternative to part of the St. Lawrence River, which was susceptible to blockade by the United States.

The second wave from Britain and Ireland was encouraged to settle in Canada after the War of 1812 by the governors of Canada, who were worried about anti-English sentiment among its citizens.

British infantry attempt to scale the walls of Siege of Badajoz ( 1812 ) | Badajoz, Peninsular War, 1812

* 1812 – War of 1812: The Siege of Fort Wayne begins when Chief Winamac's forces attack two soldiers returning from the fort's outhouses.

Residents ' devotion to the cause during the War of 1812 led to the formation of the Petersburg Volunteers — who distinguished themselves in action at the Siege of Fort Meigs on May 5, 1813.

It was named for Gen. Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, an officer in the War of 1812, who was mainly remembered for the Battle of Lundy's Lane and the Siege of Fort Erie, in 1814.

The area, because of its close location to Detroit, was of strategic importance during the War of 1812, especially after Detroit fell to the enemy British during the Siege of Detroit in August 1812.

During the early twentieth century they were popular in Russia with re-enactments of the Siege of Sevastopol ( 1854 – 1855 ) ( 1906 ), the Battle of Borodino ( 1812 ) in St Petersburg and the Taking of Azov ( 1696 ) in Voronezh in 1918.

In 1812 he joined the insurgent forces of Hermenegildo Galeana and fought alongside José María Morelos at the Siege of Cuautla.

The United States has fought five battles on or near the river ; the Battle of Vincennes ( 1779 ), St. Clair's Defeat ( 1791 ), the Attack on Fort Recovery ( 1794 ), the Battle of Tippecanoe ( 1811 ), and the Siege of Fort Harrison ( 1812 ).

During the Peninsula War it was involved in most of the engagements between the Allies and France including the Battle of Talavera, Battle of Salamanca in 1812, Siege of Tarragona ( 1813 ), Battle of Vitoria, Siege of San Sebastian, Battle of the Pyrenees, Battle of the Bidassoa ( 1813 ), Battle of Toulouse ( 1814 ).

The 5th Division during the Peninsular War under the command of General James Leith was present at most of the major engagements including the Battle of Bussaco, the Battle of Sabugal, the Siege of Almeida ( 1811 ), the Battle of Badajoz ( 1812 ), the Battle of Salamanca, the Battle of Vitoria, the Siege of San Sebastian, the Battle of Nivelle and the Battle of the Nive.

He was mortally wounded storming the lesser breach in the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo on 19 January 1812 and died four days later.

# An Act of Courage ( 2005 ): Hervey imprisoned at Badajoz at Christmas 1826, with further flashbacks to the Battle of Talavera in 1809 and the Siege of Badajoz in 1812.

The Spanish hereditary ducal title of Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo ( Duque de Ciudad Rodrigo ), with accompanying dignity Grandee of Spain 1st Class ( Grandeza de España ), was conferred on the British General Arthur Wellesley, then 1st Viscount Wellington, later 1st Duke of Wellington, in January 1812, after his important victory at the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo that same year, as a victory title.

The American surrender, following the British Siege of Detroit during the War of 1812.

The Siege of Fort Erie was one of the last and most protracted engagements between British and American forces during the Niagara campaign of the American War of 1812.

The Siege of Fort Meigs took place during the War of 1812, in northwestern Ohio.

In the early days of the War of 1812, an American Army under Brigadier General William Hull surrendered following the Siege of Detroit.