* 1849 – John William Waterhouse, British painter ( d. 1917 )

* 1849 – The first air raid in history.

* 1792 – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen ( d. 1849 )

* 1917 – Ferdinand Georg Frobenius, German mathematician ( b. 1849 )

* 1849 – Joaquim Nabuco, Brazilian writer, statesman, and abolitionist ( d. 1910 )

* 1849 – Hungary becomes a republic.

* 1849 – William Ernest Henley, English poet, critic, and editor ( d. 1903 )

Alfonso had two sons by Elena Armanda Nicolasa Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( Castellón de la Plana, 15 December 1849 – Paris, 24 December 1898 ):

* 1849 – After a month-long siege, Venice, which had declared itself independent as the Republic of San Marco, surrenders to Austria.

* 1821 – Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian wife of Giuseppe Garibaldi ( d. 1849 )

* 1842 – Grand Duchess Alexandra Alexandrovna of Russia ( d. 1849 )

* 1849 – Hungary declares itself independent of Austria with Lajos Kossuth as its leader.

* 1849 – William R. Day, American diplomat and Justice of the Supreme Court ( d. 1923 )

Anne Brontë (; 17 January 1820 – 28 May 1849 ) was a British novelist and poet, the youngest member of the Brontë literary family.

Four more children followed: Charlotte, ( 1816 – 1855 ), Patrick Branwell ( 1817 – 1848 ), Emily, ( 1818 – 1848 ) and Anne ( 1820 – 1849 ).

* Arthur Wellesley, 4th Duke of Wellington ( 1849 – 1934 ), British soldier

* 1849 – The Governor General of Canada, Lord Elgin, signs the Rebellion Losses Bill, outraging Montreal's English population and triggering the Montreal Riots.

* 1849 – Felix Klein, German mathematician ( d. 1925 )

Category: History of the United States ( 1789 – 1849 )

In 1864 William Wallace Mitchell ( 1803 – 1884 ), a Glasgow Cotton Merchant, published his " Manual of Bowls Playing " following his work as the secretary formed in 1849 by Scottish bowling clubs which became the basis of the rules of the modern game.

* Bertha Benz ( 1849 – 1944 ), German marketing entrepreneur who was the first to drive an automobile for a long distance

* Gongalegoda Banda ( 1809 – 1849 ), Sri Lankan rebellion leader

** Ida Straus, wife of Isidor Straus ( 1 of only 5 Titanic First-class female fatalities ) ( b. 1849 ).

Paul Klee was born as the second child of the German music teacher Hans Wilhelm Klee ( 1849 – 1940 ) and the Swiss singer Ida Marie Klee, née Frick ( 1855 – 1921 ).

In 1871, Isidor Straus married Rosalie Ida Blun ( 1849 – 1912 )

Jakob Otto ( 1849 – 1851 ) and Oscar Solomon Straus ( 1850 – 1926 ).

Other claimants included the United States, whose American Guano Mining Company claimed it under the Guano Islands Act of 1856 ; Mexico also claimed Clipperton due to activities undertaken there as early as 1848 – 1849.

Meanwhile Baltimore Clippers still continued to be built, and were built specifically for the China opium trade running opium between India and China, a trade that only became unprofitable for American shipowners in 1849.

Edgar Allan Poe ( born Edgar Poe ; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849 ) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement.

In the decades of 1840 and 1850 Honduras participated in several failed attempts to restore Central American unity, such as the Confederation of Central America ( 1842 – 1845 ), the covenant of Guatemala ( 1842 ), the Diet of Sonsonate ( 1846 ), the Diet of Nacaome ( 1847 ) and National Representation in Central America ( 1849 – 1852 ).

* 1849 – Emma Lazarus, American poet ( d. 1887 )

* 1809 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer and poet ( d. 1849 )

* John W. Kern ( 1849 – 1917 ), American politician

The key leader was Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz ( 1849 – 1930 ), who greatly expanded the size and quality of the Navy, while adopting the sea power theories of American strategist Alfred Thayer Mahan.

After Macready " retired " to America, he continued to perform in the role ; in 1849, he was involved in a rivalry with American actor Edwin Forrest, whose partisans hissed Macready at Astor Place, leading to what is commonly called the Astor Place Riot.

* 1849 – Jacob August Riis, American journalist ( d. 1914 )

* 1849 – Robert Means Thompson, American naval officer ( d. 1930 )

Eugene Bourdon patented his gauge in France in 1849, and it was widely adopted because of its superior sensitivity, linearity, and accuracy ; Edward Ashcroft purchased Bourdon's American patent rights in 1852 and became a major manufacturer of gauges.

* 1849 – Charles F. Brush, American inventor and entrepreneur ( d. 1929 )

In 1849, the crew of the American ship Cutter was killed and eaten by the Pouma clan.

* 1887 – Emma Lazarus, American poet ( b. 1849 )

* 1849 – American author Edgar Allan Poe is found delirious in a gutter in Baltimore, Maryland under mysterious circumstances ; it is the last time he is seen in public before his death.

* 1849 – James Whitcomb Riley, American poet ( d. 1916 )

John Patch, a mariner in Yarmouth, Nova Scotia developed a two-bladed, fan-shaped propeller in 1832 and publicly demonstrated it in 1833, propelling a row boat across Yarmouth Harbour and a small coastal schooner at Saint John, New Brunswick, but his patent application in the United States was rejected until 1849 because he was not an American citizen.

He was elected an Associate Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1849.

* 1849 – Sarah Orne Jewett, American author ( d. 1909 )

* 1849 – American abolitionist Harriet Tubman escapes from slavery.

** Henry C. Frick, American industrialist ( b. 1849 )