The use of the term was first attributed to Danish philosopher Søren Kierkegaard ( 1813 – 1855 ).

* 1799 – Henri Druey, Swiss Federal Councilor ( d. 1855 )

* 1777 – Carl Friedrich Gauss, German mathematician ( d. 1855 )

* 1797 – Charles Robert Malden, English naval officer ( d. 1855 )

After 1890 came philosopher Josiah Royce ( 1855 – 1916 ), botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey ( 1858 – 1954 ), the Southern Agrarians of the 1920s and 1930s, novelist John Steinbeck ( 1902 – 1968 ), historian A. Whitney Griswold ( 1906 – 1963 ), environmentalist Aldo Leopold ( 1887 – 1948 ), Ralph Borsodi ( 1886 – 1977 ), and present-day authors Wendell Berry ( b. 1934 ), Gene Logsdon ( b. 1932 ), Paul Thompson, and Allan C. Carlson ( b. 1949 ).

* 1855 – The first ascent of Monte Rosa, the second highest summit in the Alps.

* 1855 – Joe Hunter, English cricketer ( d. 1891 )

* 1914 – Hubert Bland, English socialist, co-founder of the Fabian Society ( b. 1855 )

Four more children followed: Charlotte, ( 1816 – 1855 ), Patrick Branwell ( 1817 – 1848 ), Emily, ( 1818 – 1848 ) and Anne ( 1820 – 1849 ).

* 1855 – John Hodges, Australian cricketer ( d. 1933 )

* 1855 – Visit of Napoleon III to Guildhall, London

* 1816 – Charlotte Brontë, English author ( d. 1855 )

The Viscount Palmerston, Prime Minister 1855 – 58, 1859 – 65

* Fernand Cabrol ( 1855 – 1937 )

The English Biblical scholar Robert Henry Charles ( 1855 – 1931 ) reasoned on internal textual grounds that the book was edited by someone who spoke no Hebrew and who wished to promote a different theology from John's.

Charles Robert Malden ( 9 August 1797 – 23 May 1855 ), was a nineteenth century British naval officer, surveyor and educator.

Cecilia Beaux ( May 1, 1855 – September 7, 1942 ) was an American society portraitist, in the manner of John Singer Sargent.

* 1855 – Clinton Hart Merriam, American ornithologist ( d. 1942 )

* 2011 – For the first time in more than 100 years the Umatilla, an American Indian tribe, were able to hunt and harvest a bison just outside Yellowstone National Park, restoring a centuries-old tradition guaranteed by a treaty signed in 1855.

* 1855 – Ellen Day Hale, American painter and printmaker ( d. 1940 )

His master, Moses Carver, was a German American immigrant who had purchased George's parents, Mary and Giles, from William P. McGinnis on October 9, 1855, for $ 700.

* 1855 – American adventurer William Walker conquers Nicaragua.

* 1821 – William Poole, American gangster ( d. 1855 )

* 1855 – American adventurer William Walker departs from San Francisco with about 60 men to conquer Nicaragua.

* 1855 – Francis Bellamy, American author, editor, and Baptist minister ( d. 1931 )

* 1855 – Origins of the American Civil War: Bleeding Kansas – " Border Ruffians " from Missouri invade Kansas and force election of a pro-slavery legislature.

* 1855 – Andrew Mellon, American financier ( d. 1937 )

* 1944 – Fannie Barrier Williams, American educator and political activist ( b. 1855 )

* 1855 – Alfred E. Hunt, American entrepreneur ( d. 1899 )

* 1926 – John Browning, American firearm designer and inventor ( b. 1855 )

* 1916 – Percival Lowell, American amateur astronomer ( b. 1855 )

* 1855 – James S. Sherman, American politician & 27th Vice President of the United States ( d. 1912 )

* 1926 – Eugene Debs, American labor leader and Socialist presidential candidate ( b. 1855 )

Percival Lawrence Lowell ( March 13, 1855 – November 12, 1916 ) was an American businessman, author, mathematician, and astronomer who fueled speculation that there were canals on Mars, founded the Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, and formed the beginning of the effort that led to the discovery of Pluto 14 years after his death.

The Colt Revolving Rifle Model 1855 was an early repeating rifle and the first one to be used by the U. S. Government, and saw some limited action during the American Civil War.

The Siege of Sevastopol ( 1854 – 1855 ) during the Crimean War and the Siege of Petersburg ( 1864 – 1865 ) during the American Civil War showed that modern citadels, when improved by improvised defences, could still resist an enemy for many months.

* October 20 – Eugene V. Debs, American labor and political leader ( b. 1855 )

* September 14 – Ezra Seymour Gosney, American philanthropist and eugenicist ( b. 1855 )

* November 12 – Percival Lowell, American astronomer ( b. 1855 )

* August 27 – Andrew W. Mellon, American banker and U. S. Secretary of the Treasury ( b. 1855 )

In a last-ditch attempt to stem the tide of white colonization, the Muckleshoots aligned themselves with other local peoples in the Puget Sound Indian War ( 1855 – 1856 ).

The Indian agent at Fort Laramie negotiated with the Cheyenne to reduce hostilities, but the Secretary of War ordered the 1st Cavalry Regiment ( 1855 ) to carry out a punitive expedition under the command of Colonel Edwin V. Sumner.

In 1855, the federal government forcibly relocated the remaining Clackamas Indians to the Grand Ronde Indian Reservation in nearby Yamhill County.

The last Indian raid into the area was made by the Kickapoo in 1855.

The Federal Government moved them to the Brazos Indian Reservation in 1855 and later to Oklahoma.

The Umatilla Indian Reservation was established by the Treaty of Walla Walla in 1855.

Several U. S. Army forts were maintained in the county and many engagements during the Rogue River Indian War ( 1855 – 1858 ) took place within its boundaries.

All Indian claims to land within Benton County were ceded in the Treaty of Dayton in 1855.

In 1855 an exploration party from the Bureau of Indian Affairs visited the area looking for a site on which to establish a reservation and, in the spring of 1856, the Mendocino Indian Reservation was established at Noyo.

The Treaty of 1855 relocated the Native American Ojibwa ( Saginaw Chippewa Tribe ) from Saginaw, Swan Creek, and Black River to land in Isabella County ( Isabella Indian Reservation ).

In October 1873, he moved a small group of his people from the Bitterroot Valley, which was designated a “ conditional reservation ” in the 1855 Hellgate Treaty, to the Jocko Agency ( later Flathead Indian Agency ) located a few miles north of the current town of Arlee.

In 1855, at the end of the Cayuse War, the Native Americans living near The Dalles were forceably relocated by the U. S. Army to the Warm Springs Indian Reservation.

After the region became a federal Indian reservation in 1855, Barnard moved his business to Fort Belknap.

After repeated Indian attacks, the fort was abandoned in late 1855.

In 1855 many of the soldiers at nearby Fort Vancouver were away fighting an uprising by the Yakima Indian tribe.

A few years after the local uprising of the native populace more commonly known as the Indian War of 1855 & 56 and the death of his brother Oliver while on a family business trip in San Francisco, Ezra became disenchanted with his claim and in 1862 moved to Puyallup.

The advantage of this extended range was demonstrated at the Battle of Four Lakes, where Springfield Model 1855 rifled muskets inflicted heavy casualties among the Indian warriors before they could get their smooth bore muskets into range.

Most of his service with the 4th U. S. was in the Pacific Northwest, starting with a topographical survey mission to the Willamette Valley in 1855, during which he became involved with the Yakima War and Rogue River Wars, gaining experience in leading small combat teams, being wounded ( a bullet grazed his nose on March 28, 1857, at Middle Cascade, Oregon Territory ), and some of the diplomatic skills needed for negotiating with Indian tribes.

* Treaty with the Yakama, 1855, Washington State Governor's Office of Indian Affairs.

Seymour briefly fought as a volunteer in the Anglo-Persian War ( 1855 – 1857 ) and almost immediately afterwards, was at the Relief of Lucknow during the Indian Mutiny ( 1857 – 1858 ).

The Quileute people settled onto the Quileute Indian Reservation after signing the Quinault Treaty in 1855.

The tribe moved onto the Skokomish Indian Reservation in the central part of modern-day Mason County, Washington near the Skokomish River around 1855.