In 1857 – 58, Douglas broke with President James Buchanan, leading to a fight for control of the Democratic Party.

In 1857, the Austrian scholar Anton Boller suggested adding Japanese to Altaic or more precisely to Ural – Altaic.

* 1770 – David Thompson, Canadian explorer ( d. 1857 )

* 1857 – Eugen Bleuler, Swiss psychiatrist ( d. 1940 )

* 1857 – Manuel de Escandón, Mexican polo player ( d. 1940 )

* 1857 – Eugène Sue, French novelist ( b. 1804 )

* 1924 – Joseph Conrad, Polish-English writer ( b. 1857 )

* 1929 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist ( b. 1857 )

* 1857 – Cécile Chaminade, French pianist and composer ( d. 1944 )

* 1857 – Max Wagenknecht, German composer ( d. 1922 )

* 1857 – Albert Ballin, German businessman ( d. 1918 )

* 1789 – Augustin-Louis Cauchy, French mathematician ( d. 1857 )

* Alexander of Bulgaria ( 1857 – 1893 ), first prince of Bulgaria

* Alexander of Bulgaria ( 1857 – 1893 ), Prince of Bulgaria

* 1857 – The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.

Alfonso XII ( born Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo ) ( Madrid, 28 November 1857 – El Pardo, 25 November 1885 ) was King of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d ' état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.

* Alfonso XII of Spain-( 1857 – 1885 ) ( ordinal numbering continues from the kings of Castile )

* 1857 – Sandford Schultz, English cricketer ( d. 1937 )

* 1857 – " The Spirits Book " by Allan Kardec is published, marking the birth of Spiritualism in France.

* 1857 – Clarence Darrow, American attorney ( d. 1938 )

* 1857 – Alexander Shirvanzade, Armenian playwright and novelist ( d. 1935 )

* 1857 – Princess Beatrice of the United Kingdom ( d. 1944 )

* 1936 – Karl Pearson, English mathematician ( b. 1857 )

* 1776 – Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh ( d. 1857 )

* March 3 – Ned Williamson, American baseball player ( b. 1857 )

Edward Hugh " Ned " Hanlon ( August 22, 1857 – April 14, 1937 ) was an American 19th-century Major League Baseball player most notable for his career as a manager.

Edward Nagle " Ned " or " Ed " Williamson ( October 24, 1857 – March 3, 1894 ) was an American Major League Baseball player for 13 seasons from 1878 until 1890.

Basing his ideas on those of predecessors such as Williamson, Edward Frankland, William Odling, Auguste Laurent, Charles Adolphe Wurtz and others, Kekulé was the principal formulator of the theory of chemical structure ( 1857 – 58 ).

The southern end was purchased by Williamson and Crummer in 1845, but subsequently granted to politician Robert Graham in 1857, with the island increasingly becoming a trip destination-Home Bay Wharf hosted such attractions as whale boat racing, greased pig chasing and hunting.

* The Atlantic, an American magazine founded as The Atlantic Monthly in 1857

Among these actions were the Seven Years ' War, the American Revolutionary War, the Napoleonic Wars, the First and Second Opium Wars, the Boxer Rebellion, the New Zealand land wars, the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the First and Second Boer Wars, the Fenian raids, the Irish War of Independence, its serial interventions into Afghanistan ( which were meant to maintain a friendly buffer state between British India and the Russian Empire ), and the Crimean War ( to keep the Russian Empire at a safe distance by coming to Turkey's aid ).

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

* Moses H. Cone ( 1857 – 1908 ), an American textile entrepreneur, conservationist, and philanthropist

* Joseph Crétin ( 1799 – 1857 ), American bishop

* 1857 – Martha Carey Thomas, American educator, suffragist, and second President of Bryn Mawr College ( d. 1935 )

* 1857 – Henry Clay Folger, American businessman and philanthropist, founder of the Folger Shakespeare Library ( d. 1930 )

* 1857 – William L. Marcy, American politician, 21st United States Secretary of State ( b. 1786 )

* 1857 – Thorstein Veblen, American economist and sociologist ( d. 1929 )

* 1857 – William E. Russell, American politician ( d. 1896 )

* 1857 – George Gore, American baseball player ( d. 1933 )

* 1857 – William A. MacCorkle, American politician ( d. 1930 )

Two years later, in 1857, the European and North American Railway opened its line from Moncton to nearby Shediac ; this was followed by a line from Moncton to Saint John opening in 1859.

* 1814 – Thomas Crawford, American sculptor ( d. 1857 )

* 1945 – John Hessin Clarke, American lawyer and judge, U. S. Supreme Court Justice ( b. 1857 )

* Micah Brooks ( 1775 – 1857 ), American politician

Mathilde Roth Schechter ( 1857 – 1924 ) was the American founder of the U. S. National Women's League of Conservative Judaism in 1918.

* Napoleon B. Broward ( 1857 – 1910 ), American governor of Florida

Honduras and other Central American countries united to drive him out of Nicaragua in 1857, after which a period of three decades of Conservative rule ensued.

* 1857 – Milton S. Hershey, American businessman, founded The Hershey Company ( d. 1945 )

* 1857 – William Howard Taft, American politician, 27th President of the United States ( d. 1930 )

* 1857 – John Hessin Clarke, American jurist ( d. 1945 )