The 1858 senate campaign featured the seven Lincoln – Douglas debates of 1858, the most famous political debates in American history.

* 1858 – Giuseppe Peano, Italian mathematician ( d. 1932 )

* 1858 – Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont, ( d. 1934 )

After 1890 came philosopher Josiah Royce ( 1855 – 1916 ), botanist Liberty Hyde Bailey ( 1858 – 1954 ), the Southern Agrarians of the 1920s and 1930s, novelist John Steinbeck ( 1902 – 1968 ), historian A. Whitney Griswold ( 1906 – 1963 ), environmentalist Aldo Leopold ( 1887 – 1948 ), Ralph Borsodi ( 1886 – 1977 ), and present-day authors Wendell Berry ( b. 1934 ), Gene Logsdon ( b. 1932 ), Paul Thompson, and Allan C. Carlson ( b. 1949 ).

* 1858 – Gaston Doumergue, French politician ( d. 1937 )

Bloch was highly interdisciplinary, influenced by the geography of Paul Vidal de la Blache ( 1845 – 1918 ) and the sociology of Émile Durkheim ( 1858 – 1917 ).

* 1858 – The Wernerian Natural History Society, a former Scottish learned society, is wound up.

* Adrian Kashchenko ( 1858 – 1921 ), Ukrainian writer, historian of Zaporozhian Cossacks

* 1858 – E. Nesbit, English author ( d. 1924 )

* 1858 – U. S. President James Buchanan inaugurates the new transatlantic telegraph cable by exchanging greetings with Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

* 1858 – Arthur Achleitner, German writer ( d. 1927 )

* 1858 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria ( d. 1889 )

* Alexander Karađorđević, Prince of Serbia ( 1842 – 1858 )

* 1858 – The Round Oak rail accident occurs in Brierley Hill in the Black Country, England.

* 1858 – Cyrus West Field and others complete the first transatlantic telegraph cable after several unsuccessful attempts.

* 1858 – The Eiger in the Bernese Alps is ascended for the first time by Charles Barrington accompanied by Christian Almer and Peter Bohren.

* 1858 – Christiaan Eijkman, Dutch physician, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1930 )

* June 25 – Hans Rott, Austrian composer ( b. 1858 )

Hans Rott ( 1 August 1858 – 25 June 1884 ) was an Austrian composer.

In 1858 Tausig made his debut in Berlin at a concert conducted by Hans von Bülow.

* Hans Böhm und die Wallfahrt nach Niklashausen im Jahre 1476, C. A. Barack, Würzburg, 1858 ;

Hans Christian Petersen ( 1793-1862 ) was a Norwegian politician and served as the de facto Prime minister of Norway during the personal union of Sweden-Norway from 1858 to 1861.

Malmström returned 1858 to Düsseldorf to complete " Vikingar på stranden " (" Vikings at shore ") together with the Norwegian painter Hans Fredrik Gude but soon travelled back to Paris.

Anton Diabelli, lithograph by Josef KriehuberAnton ( or Antonio ) Diabelli ( 5 September 17817 April 1858 ) was an Austrian music publisher, editor and composer of Italian descent.

* 1858 – Anton Diabelli, Austrian music publisher, editor, and composer ( b. 1781 )

* 1858 – Heinrich Berté, Austrian composer ( d. 1924 )

* 1766 – Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian field marshal ( d. 1858 )

It was founded in 1858, by Father Caspar Rehrl, an Austrian missionary, who established the sisterhood of pioneer women under the patronage of St. Agnes of Rome, to whom he had a particular devotion.

* 1781 – Anton Diabelli, Austrian composer and publisher ( d. 1858 )

* November 2 – Joseph Radetzky von Radetz, Austrian field marshal ( d. 1858 )

The first was the English Alpine Club ( founded in the winter of 1857 – 1858 ), followed in 1862 by the Austrian Alpine Club ( which in 1873 was fused, under the name of the German and Austrian Alpine Club, with the German Alpine Club, founded in 1869 ), in 1863 by the Italian and Swiss Alpine Clubs, and in 1874 by the French Alpine Club, not to mention numerous minor societies of more local character.

Carl Auer Freiherr von Welsbach ( 1 September 1858 – 4 August 1929 ) was an Austrian scientist and inventor who had a talent for not only discovering advances, but turning them into commercially successful products.

The monetary system changed in 1858, 100 soldis to the florin, which required a new issue of stamps, designs otherwise identical to the contemporary Austrian issues.

Based on the work of the Austrian internist Friedrich Kraus ( 1858 – 1936 ), Reich argued that the orgasm is a bioelectrical discharge, and proposed the " orgasm formula ": mechanical tension ( tumescence ) → bioelectrical charge → bioelectrical discharge → mechanical relaxation ( detumescence ).

Ideally centered Austrian cancellation ca 1858

In 1858, the University was the scene of intense student protests against Austrian rule in northern Italy ( through the puppet kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia ).

In another work, Sulle condizioni economiche della Valtellina ( Milan, 1858, translated into English by W. E. Gladstone ), he exposed the evils of Austrian rule, and he drew up a report on the general conditions of Lombardy and Venetia for Cavour.

At Turin he resumed his philosophic studies and his translation of Plato, but In 1858 refused a professorship of Greek at Pavia, under the Austrian government, only to accept it in 1859 from the Italian government after the liberation of Lombardy.

*" Condiman: Tagalian Merriness " by Karl Scherzer from " Circumnavigation of the Globe by the Austrian Frigate Novara in the Years 1857, 1858 & 1859.

* Rosa Mayreder ( 1858 – 1938 ), an Austrian freethinker, author, painter, musician and feminist

* Ida Laura Pfeiffer ( 1797 – 1858 ), Austrian traveller and travel book author

Ida Laura Pfeiffer ( October 14, 1797 in Vienna-October 27, 1858 Vienna ), was an Austrian traveler and travel book author.

A seminary, founded in 1858 by Archbishop Topich of Scutari, was destroyed by the Ottomans, but was later re-established on Austrian territory and placed under imperial protection.

Prato is the common name for a traditional Austrian cookbook first published in 1858 by Katharina Prato ( 1818-97, born Polt ) as " The South German Cuisine ".