* Atlas ( 1863 – 1885 ), one of the eight South Devon Railway Dido class steam locomotives

* 1863 – A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fought a force of nearly 2, 000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.

* 1863 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian writer and journalist ( d. 1922 )

** Haliotis varia f. dohrniana Dunker, 1863 – synonym: Haliotis dohrniana Dunker, 1863

* 1863 – American Civil War: following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis ( which is refused upon receipt ).

* 1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg – ships led by Union Admiral David Dixon Porter move through heavy Confederate artillery fire on approach to Vicksburg, Mississippi.

* 1863 – Ernest Thayer, American poet ( d. 1940 )

* Adrian Knox ( 1863 – 1932 ), Australian judge

* 1863 – The Anglo-Satsuma War begins between the Satsuma Domain of Japan and the United Kingdom ( Traditional Japanese date: July 2, 1863 ).

* 1863 – Aleksey Krylov, Russian engineer and mathematician ( d. 1945 )

* 1863 – The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country.

* 1863 – American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.

* 1863 – Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre.

Cl., 43 ( 1863 ) 491 – 528 online (= Gesammelte philologische Schriften ( Leipzig & Berlin 1911 ) 1. 117 – 155 )

* Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( 28 January 1880, Madrid – 1970 ), married in 1922 to María de Guadalupe de Limantour y Mariscal ( d. 1977, Marbella ), daughter of Julio de Limantour y Marquet ( 17 June 1863, Mexico City – 11 October 1909, Mexico City ) and wife Elena Mariscal y ..., paternal granddaughter of French Joseph Yves de Limantour y Rence de la Pagame ( 1812, Ploemeur – 1885, Mexico City ) and wife Adèle Marquet y Cabannes ( 1820, Bordeaux –?

* 1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.

* 1863 – Richmond Bread Riot: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia and demand that the Confederate government release emergency supplies.

Subsequently HM Sultan Jamalul Ahlam Kiram ( 1863 – 1881 ), the 29th reigning Sultan of Sulu, leased North Borneo in 1878 to Gustavus Baron de Overbeck and Alfred Dent, representing the British North Borneo Company in what is now the Malaysian state of Sabah.

Don Quixote de la Mancha and Sancho Panza, 1863, by Gustave Doré

His parents emigrated from Poland in 1863, changed their name from Pozerski to de Pomiane, and became French citizens.

Francisco León de la Barra ( 1863 – 1939 ), whose interim presidency in 1911 gave Madero's enemies time to organize.

Harp on a Tarsia panel by Baron Henry de Triqueti ( 1803 – 1874 ), dated 1863, photo c. 1870.

From there, Clark went on to Paris, France, where in 1863, a group of racing enthusiasts had formed the French Jockey Club and had organized the Grand Prix de Paris, which at the time was the greatest race in France.

The famous Casino of Monte Carlo opened in 1863, organized by the Societé des Bains de Mer (" Sea-bathing Society "), which also ran the " Hotel de Paris "; taxes paid by the S. B. M.

Pierre de Frédy, Baron de Coubertin (; 1 January 1863 – 2 September 1937 ) was a French educator and historian, and founder of the International Olympic Committee.

Pierre de Frédy was born in Paris on 1 January 1863 into an established aristocratic family.

de: 1863

* September 2 – Pierre de Coubertin, French founder of the modern Olympic Games ( b. 1863 )

* March 27 – Alfred de Vigny, French author ( d. 1863 )

File: Cabanel-El Nacimiento de Venus ( Museo de Orsay, París, 1863.

Bizet's professional relationship with Léon Carvalho, manager of the independent Théâtre Lyrique company, enabled him to bring to the stage two full-scale operas, Les pêcheurs de perles ( 1863 ) and La jolie fille de Perth ( 1867 ), but neither enjoyed much public success.

Castroville was founded by Juan Bautista Castro in 1863 and is the second oldest town in Monterey County.

Andrés Bonifacio y de Castro ( 30 November 1863 – 10 May 1897 ) was a Filipino nationalist, revolutionary and lawyer.

In 1865 the first successful Transatlantic telegraph cable was made by Webster and Horsfall, who also improved the manufacture of piano wire ( giving them a near monopoly ). 1863: William Sumner ( founder of Typhoo ) publishes " A Popular Treatise on Tea ".

The date she published her first collection of poetry in Galician, Cantares gallegos (" Galician Songs "), May 17, 1863, is commemorated every year as the Día das Letras Galegas (" Galician Literature Day "), an official holiday of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, and has been dedicated to an important writer in the Galician language since 1963.

* Cantares gallegos ( 1863 )

Cantares gallegos was first published on May 17, 1863.

Based on internal textual references, " Johnny I Hardly Knew Ye " apparently dates from the early 1820s, while When Johnny Comes Marching Home was first published in 1863.

Under Abdülaziz's reign, Turkey's first postage stamps were issued in 1863, and Turkey joined the Universal Postal Union in 1875 as a founding member.

Ned Cuthbert, playing for the Philadelphia Keystones in either 1863 or 1865, is documented as the first baseball player to steal a base in a baseball game, although the term stolen base was not used until 1871.

The independent Princedom of Serbia, had conducted the first population census in 1834 ; the subsequent censuses were conducted in 1841, 1843, 1846, 1850, 1854, 1859, 1863 and 1866 and 1874.

In 1863 the first tea clippers of composite construction were brought out, combining the best of both worlds.

He was're-baptised ' in 1863 " on attaining to an understanding of the things concerning the name of Jesus, of which he was ignorant at his first immersion ".

They laid the first rails in 1863.

It reopened for the third time in 1863 following a reorganization which also brought upon the school's first name change to " The Governors of Dalhousie College and University.

The first few chapters of the novel, dealing with the discovery of Erewhon, are in fact based on Butler's own experiences in New Zealand where, as a young man, he worked as a sheep farmer on Mesopotamia Station for about four years ( 1860 – 1864 ) and explored parts of the interior of the South Island of which he wrote about in his A First Year in Canterbury Settlement ( 1863 ).

But Douglass also asked, " Can any colored man, or any white man friendly to the freedom of all men, ever forget the night which followed the first day of January 1863, when the world was to see if Abraham Lincoln would prove to be as good as his word?

The club participated in the first football competition in Australia, winning the second season in 1863, was a foundation Victorian Football Association ( VFA ) and the Victorian Football League ( VFL ) in 1897.

Indium was discovered in 1863 and named for the indigo blue line in its spectrum that was the first indication of its existence in zinc ores, as a new and unknown element.

Perhaps the first instrument of modern public international law was the Lieber Code, passed in 1863 by the Congress of the United States, to govern the conduct of US forces during the United States Civil War and considered to be the first written recitation of the rules and articles of war, adhered to by all civilized nations, the precursor of public international law.

* 1863 – United States begins its first military draft ; exemptions cost $ 300.

* 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Fort Wagner / Morris Island – the first formal African American military unit, the 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, supported by several white regiments, attempts an unsuccessful assault on Confederate-held Battery Wagner.

He first visited Vienna in 1862, staying there over the winter, and, in 1863, was appointed conductor of the Vienna Singakademie.

It incorporates the oldest section of underground railway in the world, which opened in 1863 and now forms part of the Circle, Hammersmith & City, and Metropolitan lines ; and the first line to operate electric trains, in 1890, now part of the Northern line.

The first German labour party, the General German Workers ' Association ( Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein, ADAV ) was founded in Leipzig on 23 May 1863 by Ferdinand Lassalle ; about 600 workers from across Germany travelled to the foundation on the new railway line.

In 1863 she had to retire the first time on account of her husband ’ s serious mental illness.

In 1863 the Government passed the Colonial Defence Force Act 1862 creating the first Regular Force.

Formation of the first unit did not commence until early April 1863, with 100 men being sought at New Plymouth under Captain Atkinson.

A fifth individual whom Drury identified as an important influence upon the New Age movement was the Indian Swami Vivekananda ( 1863 – 1902 ), an adherent of the philosophy of Vedanta who first brought Hinduism to the West in the late 19th century.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.