* Atlas ( 1863 – 1885 ), one of the eight South Devon Railway Dido class steam locomotives

* 1863 – A 65-man French Foreign Legion infantry patrol fought a force of nearly 2, 000 Mexican soldiers to nearly the last man in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.

* 1863 – Géza Gárdonyi, Hungarian writer and journalist ( d. 1922 )

** Haliotis varia f. dohrniana Dunker, 1863 – synonym: Haliotis dohrniana Dunker, 1863

* 1863 – American Civil War: following his defeat in the Battle of Gettysburg, General Robert E. Lee sends a letter of resignation to Confederate President Jefferson Davis ( which is refused upon receipt ).

* 1863 – American Civil War: The Siege of Vicksburg – ships led by Union Admiral David Dixon Porter move through heavy Confederate artillery fire on approach to Vicksburg, Mississippi.

* 1863 – Ernest Thayer, American poet ( d. 1940 )

* Adrian Knox ( 1863 – 1932 ), Australian judge

* 1863 – The Anglo-Satsuma War begins between the Satsuma Domain of Japan and the United Kingdom ( Traditional Japanese date: July 2, 1863 ).

* 1863 – Aleksey Krylov, Russian engineer and mathematician ( d. 1945 )

* 1863 – The Dominican Restoration War begins when Gregorio Luperón raises the Dominican flag in Santo Domingo after Spain had recolonized the country.

* 1863 – American Civil War: In Charleston, South Carolina, Union batteries and ships bombard Confederate-held Fort Sumter.

* 1863 – Lawrence, Kansas is destroyed by Confederate guerrillas Quantrill's Raiders in the Lawrence Massacre.

Cl., 43 ( 1863 ) 491 – 528 online (= Gesammelte philologische Schriften ( Leipzig & Berlin 1911 ) 1. 117 – 155 )

* Alfonso Sanz y Martínez de Arizala ( 28 January 1880, Madrid – 1970 ), married in 1922 to María de Guadalupe de Limantour y Mariscal ( d. 1977, Marbella ), daughter of Julio de Limantour y Marquet ( 17 June 1863, Mexico City – 11 October 1909, Mexico City ) and wife Elena Mariscal y ..., paternal granddaughter of French Joseph Yves de Limantour y Rence de la Pagame ( 1812, Ploemeur – 1885, Mexico City ) and wife Adèle Marquet y Cabannes ( 1820, Bordeaux –?

* 1863 – American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins – troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.

* 1863 – Richmond Bread Riot: Food shortages incite hundreds of angry women to riot in Richmond, Virginia and demand that the Confederate government release emergency supplies.

* Samuel Werner von Troil 1856 – 1863

* Werner Sombart ( 1863 – 1941 ), philosopher, sociologist and economist

Werner Sombart ( 19 January 1863 – 18 May 1941 ) was a German economist and sociologist, the head of the “ Youngest Historical School ” and one of the leading Continental European social scientists during the first quarter of the 20th century.

* 1863 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German writer ( b. 1813 )

Edvard Munch (; 12 December 1863 – 23 January 1944 ) was a Norwegian painter and printmaker whose intensely evocative treatment of psychological themes built upon some of the main tenets of late 19th-century Symbolism and greatly influenced German Expressionism in the early 20th century.

The Brothers Grimm ( 1785 – 1863 & 1786 – 1859 ) not only wrote the popular Grimm's Fairy Tales, but were among the founding fathers of German philology and German studies.

In 1863 – 64, disputes between Prussia and Denmark grew over Schleswig, which was not part of the German Confederation, and which Danish nationalists wanted to incorporate into the Danish kingdom.

* 1863 – Paul Drude, German physicist ( d. 1906 )

Jacob Ludwig Carl Grimm ( also Karl ; 4 January 1785 – 20 September 1863 ) was a German philologist, jurist and mythologist.

* Otto Kern ( 1863 – 1942 ), German linguist

The first German labour party, the General German Workers ' Association ( Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein, ADAV ) was founded in Leipzig on 23 May 1863 by Ferdinand Lassalle ; about 600 workers from across Germany travelled to the foundation on the new railway line.

* 1928 – Reinhard Scheer, German naval officer ( b. 1863 )

* November 26 – Reinhard Scheer, German admiral ( b. 1863 )

* May 25 – Franz von Hipper, German admiral ( b. 1863 )

* March 18 – Christian Friedrich Hebbel, German poet and playwright ( d. 1863 )

** Jakob Grimm, German philologist, folklorist, and writer ( d. 1863 )

By 1863, 22 lecture courses were held in Czech, the remainder ( out of 187 ) in German.

According to German philologist Maximilian Ihm ( 1863 – 1909 ), Tacitus writes that the Chatti were hostile and subjugated the Cherusci but were " pacified " between 4 and 6 CE.

The Brothers Grimm ( or Die Gebrüder Grimm ), Jacob ( January 4, 1785 – September 20, 1863 ) and Wilhelm Grimm ( February 24, 1786 – December 16, 1859 ), were German academics, linguists, cultural researchers, and authors who together collected folklore.

Denmark again attempted to integrate Schleswig, by creating a new common constitution ( the so called November Constitution ) for Denmark and Schleswig in 1863, but the German Confederation, led by Prussia and Austria, defeated the Danes in the Second War of Schleswig the following year.

When Alexandra's father inherited the throne of Denmark in November 1863, the German Confederation took the opportunity to invade and annex Schleswig-Holstein.

On September 20, 1863, Longstreet lined up eight brigades in a deep column against a narrow front, an attack very similar to future German tank tactics in World War II.

The General German Workers ' Association ( Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiterverein, ADAV ), founded in 1863, and the Social Democratic Workers ' Party ( Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, SDAP ), founded in 1869, merged in 1875, under the name Socialist Workers ' Party of Germany ( Sozialistische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, SAPD ).

The first was the English Alpine Club ( founded in the winter of 1857 – 1858 ), followed in 1862 by the Austrian Alpine Club ( which in 1873 was fused, under the name of the German and Austrian Alpine Club, with the German Alpine Club, founded in 1869 ), in 1863 by the Italian and Swiss Alpine Clubs, and in 1874 by the French Alpine Club, not to mention numerous minor societies of more local character.