* 1904 – Madama Butterfly receives its première at La Scala in Milan.

The original version of Madama Butterfly, premiered at La Scala on February 17, 1904, was initially greeted with great hostility ( probably largely owing to inadequate rehearsals ).

* Madama Butterfly, libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa ( in two acts – premiered at La Scala, 17 February 1904 )

The Italian opera composer Giacomo Puccini used an extract of melody to write the aria " Ovunque al mondo ... ", in 1904 for his work Madama Butterfly.

* Giacomo Puccini — Madama Butterfly ( 1904 )

* Madama Butterfly ( 1904 ) by Giacomo Puccini

Giacomo Puccini also made use of the same tune in his opera Madama Butterfly in 1904.

The larger of the two had 175 members and gave London seasons in 1902 and 1903 at Covent Garden, in 1904 at Drury Lane, and in 1907 and 1908 at the Lyric Theatre when the repertoire included The Merry Wives of Windsor, The Marriage of Figaro, Tannhäuser, Lohengrin, Tristan and Isolde, Faust, Cavalleria rusticana and Pagliacci, Madame Butterfly, Aïda and Il trovatore.

The axiom of choice was formulated in 1904 by Ernst Zermelo in order to formalize his proof of the well-ordering theorem.

After a comparison of the substances half-lives determined by Debierne, Hariett Brooks in 1904, and Otto Hahn and Otto Sackur in 1905, Debierne's chosen name for the new element was retained because it had seniority.

However, the idea that electrons might revolve around a compact nucleus with definite angular momentum was convincingly argued at least 19 years earlier by Niels Bohr, and the Japanese physicist Hantaro Nagaoka published an orbit-based hypothesis for electronic behavior as early as 1904.

In 1904, he also wrote a novel, Born Again, clearly inspired by the popular Utopian fantasy Looking Backward by Edward Bellamy, an early harbinger of the metaphysical turn his career would take with the theory of Lawsonomy.

Casa Batlló () is a building restored by Antoni Gaudí and Josep Maria Jujol, built in 1877 and remodelled in the years 1904 – 1906 ; located at 43, Passeig de Gràcia ( passeig is Catalan for promenade or avenue ), part of the Illa de la Discòrdia ( the " Block of Discord ") in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Spain.

This house, where Gaudí lived from 1906 to 1926, was built by Francesc Berenguer in 1904.

The southern half of Sakhalin was acquired by Japan as a result of the Russo-Japanese War of 1904 – 05, but at the end of World War II in 1945, the Soviets declared war on Japan and took possession of the Kuril islands and southern Sakhalin.

Caricature by Leslie Ward | Spy published in Vanity Fair ( British magazine 1868-1914 ) | Vanity Fair in 1904.

* Structures ; Ruins of palaces, palatial villas, houses, built dome-or cist-graves and fortifications ( Aegean islands, Greek mainland and northwestern Anatolia ), but not distinct temples ; small shrines, however, and temene ( religious enclosures, remains of one of which were probably found at Petsofa near Palaikastro by J. L. Myres in 1904 ) are represented on intaglios and frescoes.

The plum pudding model of the atom by J. J. Thomson, who discovered the electron in 1897, was proposed in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus in order to add the electron to the atomic model.

The 1904 Thomson model was disproved by the 1909 gold foil experiment, which was interpreted by Ernest Rutherford in 1911

Still, Thomson's model ( along with a similar Saturnian ring model for atomic electrons, also put forward in 1904 by Nagaoka after James Clerk Maxwell's model of Saturn's rings ), were earlier harbingers of the later and more successful solar-system-like Bohr model of the atom.

The first was probably the cycle A Shropshire Lad set by Arthur Somervell in 1904, who had begun to develop the concept of the English song-cycle in his version of Tennyson's Maud a little previously.

1904 saw an attempt to reduce the already wordy slew of rules governing stolen bases, with the stolen base now credited when "... the advances a base unaided by a base hit, a put out, ( or ) a fielding or batter error.

The main building of the Bauhaus-University Weimar ( built 1904 – 1911, designed by Henry van de Velde to house the sculptors ’ studio at the Grand Ducal Saxon Art School.

" By the Way " was originally a column in the Globe, consisting of unsigned humorous pieces ; P. G. Wodehouse was assistant editor of the column from August 1903 and editor from August 1904 to May 1909, during which time he was assisted by Herbert Westbrook.

The founder of Russian Marxism, Georgy Plekhanov, who was at first allied with Vladimir Lenin and the Bolsheviks, parted ways with them by 1904.

The significance of this lemma was recognized by Émile Borel ( 1895 ), and it was generalized to arbitrary collections of intervals by Pierre Cousin ( 1895 ) and Henri Lebesgue ( 1904 ).

In 1904 the ground was acquired by businessman Gus Mears and his brother Joseph, who had also purchased nearby land ( formerly a large market garden ) with the aim of staging football matches on the now 12. 5 acre ( 51, 000 m² ) site.

Fleming patented the first true thermionic diode, the Fleming valve, in Britain on November 16, 1904 ( followed by in November 1905 ).

* 1904 – The Jovian moon Himalia is discovered by Charles Dillon Perrine at California's Lick Observatory.

The Abbey was founded in 1904 by a group that included Yeats with the aim of promoting indigenous literary talent.

The small group of composers featured on Tamagno's combined recorded output of 1903 and 1904 comprises Giacomo Meyerbeer, Camille Saint-Saëns, Jules Massenet, de Lara, Giordano, Rossini and, naturally enough, Verdi.

Apart from Massenet, composers whose works had their first performances at Monte Carlo included: Saint-Saëns ( Hélène, 1904 ); Mascagni ( Amica, 1905 ); and Puccini ( La rondine, 1917 ).

Apart from Massenet, composers whose works had their first performances at Monte Carlo included: Saint-Saëns ( Hélène, 1904 ); Mascagni ( Amica, 1905 ); and Puccini ( La rondine, 1917 ).

Around 1904, Puccini first began planning a set of one-act operas, largely because of the success of Cavalleria rusticana.

They remained with Puccini for his next three operas and probably his greatest successes: La bohème, Tosca and Madama Butterfly.

This was a style introduced by Pietro Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana and Ruggiero Leoncavallo's Pagliacci that came virtually to dominate the world's opera stages with such popular works as Giacomo Puccini's La bohème, Tosca, and Madama Butterfly.

In 2007, he designed stage and costumes for Puccini's Madama Butterfly at the Festival Puccini 2007 in Torre del Lago.

Madama Butterfly (" Madam Butterfly ").

See Madama Butterfly discography.

* 1974: Madama Butterfly, a German television adaptation of the opera starring Mirella Freni and Plácido Domingo, directed by Jean-Pierre Ponnelle.

* 1989: The Broadway and West End musical Miss Saigon was, in part, based on Madama Butterfly.

* 2004: On the 100th anniversary of Madama Butterfly, Shigeaki Saegusa composed Jr. Butterfly to a libretto by Masahiko Shimada.

* 2008: New York City Opera's Live from Lincoln Center telecast of its production of Madama Butterfly, directed by Mark Lamos, wins a Primetime Emmy Award.

Madama Butterfly record insert, 1952.

* OPERA America's Online Learning Course on Puccini's Madama Butterfly

ca: Madama Butterfly

cy: Madama Butterfly

de: Madama Butterfly

dsb: Madama Butterfly

es: Madama Butterfly

fr: Madama Butterfly

gl: Madama Butterfly

hr: Madama Butterfly