He made the Court a power center on a more even base with Congress and the presidency especially through four landmark decisions: Brown v. Board of Education ( 1954 ), Gideon v. Wainwright ( 1963 ), Reynolds v. Sims ( 1964 ), and Miranda v. Arizona ( 1966 ).

Warren ’ s Court ordered lawyers for indigent defendants in Gideon v. Wainwright ( 1963 ), and prevented prosecutors from using evidence seized in illegal searches, in Mapp v. Ohio ( 1961 ).

Many changes have been made in the prosecution and legal representation of indigent defendants since the Gideon ruling was handed down in 1963.

The Court specifically recognized that in the aftermath of Gideon v. Wainwright ( 1963 ), it made no sense to allow a case to be tried before a layperson incapable of understanding the legal arguments of the attorney to whom the defendant was entitled under Gideon.

The Court used the doctrine first enunciated in Gitlow in other cases, such as De Jonge v. Oregon, 299 U. S. 353 ( 1937 ), Wolf v. Colorado, 338 U. S. 25 ( 1949 ), and Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U. S. 335 ( 1963 ), to extend the reach of the Bill of Rights.

§ 838 ( b )), continued the 1948 Articles of War's guarantee of qualified defense counsel to be provided to all accused without regard to indigence ( and at earlier stages than required in civilian jurisdictions ), whereas the Supreme Court only guaranteed the provision of counsel indigents in Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U. S. 335 ( 1963 ).

That case extended to minors the right to be informed of rights and the right to an attorney, which had been granted to adults in Miranda v. Arizona ( 1966 ) and Gideon v. Wainwright ( 1963 ), respectively.

Brazil is the only country where an office of government-paid lawyers, with the specific purpose of providing legal assistance and representation to the destitute, free of charge, is established in the Constitution, although the 1963 US Supreme Court case Gideon v. Wainwright ruled that the Sixth Amendment of the Bill of Rights requires the government to provide free legal counsel to indigent defendants in criminal cases.

* Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U. S. 335, 1963 Indigent's Right To Appointed Counsel

* Gideon Amichay ( born 1963 ), Communication Artist, Cartoonist, Writer and Ad Man

Warren ’ s Court ordered lawyers for indigent defendants, in Gideon v. Wainwright ( 1963 ), and prevented prosecutors from using evidence seized in illegal searches, in Mapp v. Ohio ( 1961 ).

* 1963 – The European Court of Justice's ruling in Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen establishes the principle of direct effect, one of the most important, if not the most important, decisions in the development of European Union law.

* 1963 – The United States Supreme Court rules 8 to 1 in Abington School District v. Schempp against allowing the reciting of Bible verses and the Lord's Prayer in public schools.

* 1963 – The U. S. Supreme Court case Brady v. Maryland is decided.

In Lord Denning's judgement in Bratty v Attorney-General for Northern Ireland 1963 AC 386, whenever the defendant makes an issue of his state of mind, the prosecution can adduce evidence of insanity.

The court case was titled Courtesy Sandwich Shop v. Port of New York Authority and the final appeal was lost by the small business owners in November 1963 " for want of a substantial federal question ".

Moreover, in one of the landmark cases decided by the Court, Griswold v. Connecticut ( 1963 ), the Warren Court announced a constitutionally protected right of privacy.

The latter half of the twentieth century witnessed a surge interest in politics by organized fundamentalists in the U. S. The sparks that ignited their interest were decisions by the United States Supreme Court in 1962 to prohibit state-sanctioned prayer in public schools in the case of Engel v. Vitale and in 1963 to prohibit mandatory Bible reading in public schools in the case of Abington School District v. Schempp.

Latomus, Brussels, v. 22, p. 209-225, 1963.

In Sherbert v. Verner ( 1963 ), for example, the Court upheld a Seventh-day Adventist's claim to unemployment benefits even though she declined to make herself available to work on Saturday ( her Sabbath ) as the law required.

He did so and, on 19 November 1963, the case of McClory v Fleming was heard at the Chancery Division of the High Court.

In 1963, the Court ruled in McNeese v. Board of Education and Goss v. Board of Education in favor of integration, and showed impatience with efforts to end segregation.

* The two souls of socialism: socialism from below v. socialism from above New York: Young People's Socialist League, 1963

* Eastham v. Newcastle United, a similar 1963 court case in England

" In the 1963 case Bratty v Attorney-General for Northern Ireland, Lord Morris stated, " Each set of facts must require a careful examination of its own circumstances, but if by way of taking an illustration it were considered possible for a person to walk in his sleep and to commit a violent crime while genuinely unconscious, then such a person would not be criminally liable for that act.

Abington School District v. Schempp, 374 U. S. 203 ( 1963 ), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court decided 8 – 1 in favor of the respondent, Edward Schempp, and declared school-sponsored Bible reading in public schools in the United States to be unconstitutional.

U Thant of course, will hold office until the spring of 1963, when Mr. Hammarskjold's term would have come to an end.

Then let the whole lot be hanged in a public mass execution on July 4, 1963.

Beginning in 1960, the matching requirements for the base allotment are being adjusted ( upward or downward, as required ) 25% a year, so that by 1963 the entire support allotment will be matched on the basis of a 40% pivot State share, with maximum and minimum State shares of 50% and 30%, respectively.

It is expected that in 1963 two prototype aircraft will be available for flight testing.

Research, development test and evaluation funds, devoted to missiles in 1960 were 3 to 4 times as large as those devoted to aircraft, and actual missile procurement is expected to exceed aircraft procurement by 1963.

The payroll tax would actually rise to 7.5 per cent starting Jan. 1, 1963, if the plan is approved, because the levy is already scheduled to go up by 1 per cent on that date to pay for other social security costs.

Officials estimated the annual tax boost for the medical plan would amount to 1.5 billion dollars and that medical benefits paid out would run 1 billion or more in the first year, 1963.

The procedures used by the BIH evolved, and the name for the time scale changed: " A3 " in 1963 and " TA ( BIH )" in 1969.

The first edition of the standard was published during 1963, a major revision during 1967, and the most recent update during 1986.

The indecision did not last long: during May 1963 the CCITT Working Party on the New Telegraph Alphabet proposed to assign lower case characters to columns 6 and 7, and International Organization for Standardization TC 97 SC 2 voted during October to incorporate the change into its draft standard.

The X3. 2. 4 task group voted its approval for the change to ASCII at its May 1963 meeting.

ASCII itself was first used commercially during 1963 as a seven-bit teleprinter code for American Telephone & Telegraph's TWX ( TeletypeWriter eXchange ) network.

However, it did not come into general use until Joseph Greenberg ( 1963 ) formally proposed its adoption.

Greenberg ( 1963 ) and others considered it a subgroup of Cushitic, while others have raised doubts about it being part of Afroasiatic at all ( e. g. Theil 2006 ).

Aldous Leonard Huxley ( 26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963 ) was an English writer and one of the most prominent members of the famous Huxley family.

Anti-Altaicists Gerard Clauson ( 1956 ), Gerhard Doerfer ( 1963 ), and Alexander Shcherbak argued that the words and features shared by Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic were for the most part borrowings and that the rest could be attributed to chance resemblances.

The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is US $ 100 million for a 1963 canvas titled Eight Elvises.

Folk rock songs like Bob Dylan's 1963 Masters of War and A Hard Rain's a-Gonna Fall articulated the dread caused by the threat of nuclear war.

The 1963 film The King's Breakfast was based on Milne's poem of the same name.

* 1963 – The Soviet nuclear powered submarine K-33 collides with the Finnish merchant vessel M / S Finnclipper in the Danish straits.

* 1963 – The Bristol Bus Boycott is held in Bristol to protest the Bristol Omnibus Company's refusal to employ Black or Asian bus crews, drawing national attention to racial discrimination in the United Kingdom.

* 1877 – Ernst Wetter, Swiss politician ( d. 1963 )