As doctor Byron Plant explains: " Vaccination is the more commonly used term, which actually consists of a " safe " injection of a sample taken from a cow suffering from cowpox ... Inoculation, a practice probably as old as the disease itself, is the injection of the variola virus taken from a pustule or scab of a smallpox sufferer into the superficial layers of the skin, commonly on the upper arm of the subject.

Pindar celebrated the same victory but used the occasion to advise the tyrant of the need for moderation in one's personal conduct ( Pindar's Olympian Ode 1 ), whereas Bacchylides probably offered his own ode as a free sample of his skill in the hope of attracting future commissions.

During the early 1980s, forger Mark Hofmann sold alleged Mormon materials to Mormon investors and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, including a sample of reformed Egyptian characters probably copied from the Caractors Transcript in a manner intended to make them more closely agree with the description given by Anthon.

So as long as you have no reason to think that your sample is one unrepresentative you are justified in thinking that probably ( although not certainly ) that it is.

The measured pressure at the landing site was 91 atm and the temperature was 736 K. The surface sample was found to be an anorthosite-troctolite rock, rarely found on Earth, but present in the lunar highlands, leading to the conclusion that the area was probably the oldest explored by any Venera vehicle.

Had he done this he might have seen that from the large sample, one or two individuals would probably achieve the track record of success he had found purely by chance.

A soot sample taken from the flue showed traces of silver and gold in it, but scientists say that the story about Demidov minting coins is probably a myth.

This estimation, however, ignores any uncertainty that arises from performing the sample preparation and will therefore probably underestimate the true MDL.

The bubble was filled to the top and special precautions were taken to prevent any sample from remaining in the capillary.

Censuses during independence have been taken 1947, 1960 ( the first comprehensive demographic investigation ), 1970, 1976 ( a sample census ), 1981, 1994 and 2004 and the next would be taken at 2017.

For example, if n samples are taken from a Cauchy distribution, one may calculate the sample mean as:

Although the sample values x < sub > i </ sub > will be concentrated about the central value x < sub > 0 </ sub >, the sample mean will become increasingly variable as more samples are taken, because of the increased likelihood of encountering sample points with a large absolute value.

Similarly, calculating the sample variance will result in values that grow larger as more samples are taken.

* 1982 – A soil sample is taken from Times Beach, Missouri that will be found to contain 300 times the safe level of dioxin.

But more commonly a small sample is taken, usually by drilling in an inconspicuous place.

A statistical population is a set of entities concerning which statistical inferences are to be drawn, often based on a random sample taken from the population.

For example, in Ontario a survey taken throughout the province might use a larger sampling fraction in the less populated north, since the disparity in population between north and south is so great that a sampling fraction based on the provincial sample as a whole might result in the collection of only a handful of data from the north.

In general the size of the sample in each stratum is taken in proportion to the size of the stratum.

Examples of normally-closed valves are sampling valves, which are only opened while a sample is taken.

The two-dimensional images taken at different rotations are converted into a three-dimensional model of the density of electrons within the crystal using the mathematical method of Fourier transforms, combined with chemical data known for the sample.

* December 3 – A final soil sample is taken from the site of Times Beach, Missouri.

The sample, four looping chords taken from a few seconds of Lansky's piece, provides the entire harmony for the song.

For instance, oil refineries measure the freeze point of diesel fuel online, meaning that the sample is taken from the process and measured automatically.

This allows for more frequent measurements as the sample does not have to be manually collected and taken to a remote laboratory.

will give the probability that a single sample taken from a random process with zero-mean and unit-variance Gaussian probability density function will be greater or equal to.

Sea floor core sample labelled to identify the exact spot on the sea floor where the sample was taken.

A comprehensive meta-analysis of the subject published in 2007 supports the existence of the correlation, and concluded that these discrepancies could be resolved when sample size and study design are taken into account.

Subsequently, we learned from Douglass that his sample contained a few percent Af impurity.

We found no obvious effects due to preferred orientation of the crystallites in this sample nor would we expect to on the basis of the shape found from electron microscopic examination.

Spectra were obtained from a powdered sample having the shape of a right circular cylinder with a height-to-diameter ratio of 4::

Spectra were also obtained from a sample in a spherical container which was made by blowing a bubble on the end of a capillary glass tube.

Spectra were also obtained from a third sample of Af which had been diluted to three times its original volume with powdered, anhydrous alundum ( Af ).

A sample of Fraction Af from group O plasma was dissolved in starting buffer, dialyzed against this buffer and subjected to chromatography using the gradient shown in Fig. 2.

For purposes of sample selection only ( individual tests were given later ) we obtained group test scores of reading achievement and intelligence from school records of the entire third-grade population in each school system.

The final sample was not significantly different from a normal distribution in regard to reading achievement or intelligence test scores.

It was compiled as a control sample to determine if the opinions and practices of companies on the lists submitted by the members of the Aerospace Industries Association were materially different from those of other small firms selling to defense programs.

A test result ( calculated from the null hypothesis and the sample ) is called statistically significant if it is deemed unlikely to have occurred, assuming the truth of the null hypothesis.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

A formula for calculating an unbiased estimate of the population variance from a finite sample of n observations is:

Consider the sample ( 4, 7, 13, 16 ) from an infinite population.

In the Restoration and eighteenth century, poetry written in couplets is sometimes varied by the introduction of a triplet in which the third line is an alexandrine, as in this sample from Dryden, which introduces a 6-5-6 triplet after two pentameter couplets:

This conditioning process is responsible that only about 5 % of the aspirated sample solution reaches the flame, but it also guarantees a relatively high freedom from interference.

* Atomization of the sample from a graphite platform inserted into the graphite tube ( L ’ vov platform ) instead of from the tube wall in order to delay atomization until the gas phase in the atomizer has reached a stable temperature ;

These spectra are then multiplied with a factor to match the intensity of the sample spectrum and subtracted pixel by pixel and spectrum by spectrum from the sample spectrum using a least-squares algorithm.

Hardware from other vendors often used sample rates as high as 8192 Hz, often integer factors of video clock signals.

Technically, the method is destructive in nature removing ions from a sample surface in order to image and identify them, generating magnifications sufficient to observe individual atoms as they are removed from the sample surface.