* 2010 – Arab Spring: Popular protests begin in Algeria against the government.

* 2010 – Governmental protests begin in Tunisia, beginning the Arab Spring

Rising food prices over recent years have been linked with social unrest around the world, including rioting in Bangladesh and Mexico, and the Arab Spring.

* 2011 – As a part of Arab Spring, the Bahraini uprising, a series of demonstrations, amounting to a sustained campaign of civil resistance, in the Persian Gulf country of Bahrain begins with a ' Day of Rage '.

* Arab Spring

In February 2011, anti-government mass protests sprang up against Gaddafi in Benghazi, Bayda and Zintan, in the context of the wider Arab Spring.

* Arab Spring

The second most important area of immigration to Italy has always been the neighbouring North Africa ( in particular, Morocco, Egypt and Tunisia ), with soaring arrivals as a consequence of the Arab Spring.

Following the Arab Spring at least one source has described Islamism as " increasingly interdependent " with democracy in much of the Arab Muslim world, such that " neither can now survive without the other.

Following the Arab Spring, scholar Oliver Roy has described Islamism, or political Islam, as " increasingly interdependent " with democracy in much of the Arab Muslim world, such that " neither can now survive without the other.

Islamist flag often seen in various locations during the Arab Spring )

During the Arab Spring, many peaceful demonstrations in Arab countries faced violence and gunfire by their government's regime.

During the start of the Arab Spring, Gaddafi condemned the Tunisian revolution in January 2011, saying protesters were misled by WikiLeaks and voicing solidarity with ousted President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali.

In the Arab Spring, including in Cairo, Egypt, pro-government forces attacked protesters in Cairo with Molotovs.

* 2011 – Arab Spring: After 11 months of protests in Yemen, The Yemeni president Ali Abdullah Saleh signs a deal to transfer power to the vice president, in exchange for legal immunity.

* Arab Spring

In the context of the Arab Spring of 2011, Bashar al-Assad's government faces the ongoing uprising.

Syria enjoyed an improvement in relations with several of the states in its region in the 21st century, prior to the Arab Spring and the Syrian civil war.

In 2011, the Middle East saw a number of pro-democratic uprisings, popularly known as the Arab Spring.

The 2011 Yemeni protests followed the initial stages of the Arab Spring and began simultaneously with the Egyptian Revolution.

It was marked by a wave of revolutions in the Arab World known as the Arab Spring, including the beginnings of several unresolved protest movements and armed conflicts.

Ali himself was overthrown in 2011 in the first of the Arab Spring uprisings.

In March 2011, Adel allegedly released another 5 letters through Abu Walid al Masri, covering the Arab Spring uprisings.

Citizen Journalism played a role in the uprisings of the Arab Spring

As to the Palestinians, who are the descendants of those Arabs who migrated in the last 200 years, they have the right, if they want, to have their own state ... but not at the expense of the state of Israel .” In the wake of the Arab uprisings of 2011, he told Moment Magazine, " To sign an agreement you must have a partner who is dependent on the well-being of his people, which is what democracy means.

In mid-February 2011, Que posted an Internet appeal for mass demonstrations in Vietnam on the model of the Arab Spring uprisings, calling on citizens to make a " clean sweep of Communist dictatorship and build a new, free, democratic, humane and progressive Vietnam ".

The reaction of the Italian diplomacy, led by Frattini, to the uprisings of the Arab Spring and to the Libyan civil war has been defined as " reactive " and " unrealistic " by the ISPI-IAI 2012 report edited by professors Alessandro Colombo and Ettore Greco ,.

As well as other Western countries, Italy has been caught totally off guard by the Arab uprisings, and after a moment of bewilderment tried to look at it in the reassuring democratisation, reassured by the absence of Islamist symbols or anti-Western slogans.

But as American officials and others look back at the uprisings of the Arab Spring, they are seeing that the United States ’ democracy-building campaigns played a bigger role in fomenting protests than was previously known, with key leaders of the movements having been trained by the Americans in campaigning, organizing through new media tools and monitoring elections.

A Circassian battalion served in the French army and had helped it against the Arab nationalist uprisings.

This socialism was based on the principles of nationalism, religion and equality, and its ideas inspired a number of revolutions, popular uprisings and coups in the Arab world.

In 2011, following a wave of popular uprisings and revolutions in the Arab world, Syria deteriorated into civil disorder and unrest, developing into an uprising against Assad's regime.

But they refuse, as do the Arab states, to support the United Nations' expenses of maintaining the United Nations Emergency Force in the Middle East as a buffer between Egypt and Israel, and the U.N. troops in the Congo, which expenses are not covered by the regular budget of the United Nations, but by a special budget.

Extreme instances of persecution include the pogroms which preceded the First Crusade in 1096, the expulsion from England in 1290, the massacres of Spanish Jews in 1391, the persecutions of the Spanish Inquisition, the expulsion from Spain in 1492, Cossack massacres in Ukraine, various pogroms in Russia, the Dreyfus affair, the Final Solution by Hitler's Germany, official Soviet anti-Jewish policies and the Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries.

According to Arab tradition, the ensuing war pushed Ghana over the edge, ending the kingdom's position as a commercial and military power by 1100, as it collapsed into tribal groups and chieftaincies, some of which later assimilated into the Almoravids while others founded the Mali Empire.

Della Valle described Anah as the chief Arab town on the Euphrates, an importance which it owes to its position on one of the routes from the west to Baghdad ; Texeira said that the power of its amir extended to Palmyra ( early 17th century ); but Olivier found the ruling prince with only twenty-five men in his service, the town becoming more depopulated every day from lack of protection from the Arabs of the desert.

He compiled a survey of mirror configurations in his work on remarkable mechanical devices which was known to Arab mathematicians such as Ibn al-Haytham.

At that moment, the nominal ruler of al-Andalus, emir Yusuf ibn ' Abd al-Rahman al-Fihri ( another member of the Fihrid family, and a favorite of the old Arab settlers ( baladiyun ), mostly of south Arabian or ' Yemenite ' tribal stock ) was locked in a contest with his vizier ( and son-in-law ) al-Sumayl ibn Hatim al-Qilabi, the head of the new settlers ( shamiyum, the Syrian junds or military regiments, mostly of north Arabian Qaysid tribes, which had arrived only in 742 ).

These elements, which formed the bulk of the population, were not averse to supporting a strong ruler who would protect them against the Arab aristocracy.

Dubai in the United Arab Emirates is currently building the Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Crossing, which is scheduled for completion in 2012.

In 985, the Arab geographer al-Muqaddasi visited Bethlehem, and referred to its church as the " Basilica of Constantine, the equal of which does not exist anywhere in the country-round.

The enemies of the Jews-Sanballat of Samaria, Tobiah the Ammonite, Geshem the Arab, and the men of Ashdod-plot to attack Jerusalem which necessitates the Jews working with weapons in their hands.

Henry McMahon had exchanged letters with Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca in 1915, in which he had promised Hussein control of Arab lands with the exception of " portions of Syria " lying to the west of " the districts of Damascus, Homs, Hama and Aleppo ".

The minutes revealed that in laying out the government's position Curzon had explained that: " Palestine was included in the areas as to which Great Britain pledged itself that they should be Arab and independent in the future ".

On November 1918 the large group of Palestinian Arab dignitaries and representatives of political associations addressed a petition to the British authorities in which they denounced the declaration.

Several Arab states supported Libyan territorial claims to the Strip, among the most outspoken of which was Algeria, which provided training for anti-Habré forces, although most recruits for its training programs were from Nigeria or Cameroon, recruited and flown to Algeria by Libya.

In Lebanon, the right-wing Guardians of the Cedars, a fiercely nationalistic ( mainly Christian ) political party which opposes the country's ties to the Arab world, is agitating for " Lebanese " to be recognized as a distinct language from Arabic and not merely a dialect, and has even advocated replacing the Arabic alphabet with a revival of the ancient Phoenician alphabet, which lacks a number of characters to write typical Arabic phonemes present in Lebanese, and lost by Phoenician ( and Hebrew ) in the second millennium BC.

However, in adherence to the ideas of Arab Nationalism, the Arab countries prefer to give preference to the Literary Arabic which is common to all of them, conduct much of their political, cultural and religious life in it ( adherence to Islam ), and refrain from declaring each country's specific variety to be a separate language, because Literary Arabic is the liturgical language of Islam and the language of the Islamic sacred book, the Qur ' an.

However, the symbols used in different areas are not identical ; for instance, Western Arabic numerals ( from which the European numerals are derived ) differ from the forms used by other Arab cultures.

PDFLP poster ( 1965 ), the caption of which reads: " Solidarity with the people of the Middle East in their struggle against imperialism, feudalism, Zionism and Arab reaction " In 1969, a faction of the left-wing Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( PFLP ) broke away from the main organization to form the Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine ( PDFLP ).

Of the original thirteen books of which Arithmetica consisted only six have survived, though there are some who believe that four Arab books discovered in 1968 are also by Diophantus.

** Openness Euphoria, 1974 – 1982 during which policies were introduced to encourage Arab and foreign investment through a series of incentives and liberalizing trade and payment ; the economy expanded but this proved unsustainable and growth consequently scaled back.

The Arab Organization for Industrialization supervises nine military factories which produce civilian goods as well as military products.

The state of war between both countries which dated back from the 1948 Arab – Israeli War ended in 1979 with the Egyptian – Israeli Peace Treaty a year after the Camp David Accords.