Many developments in first aid and many other medical techniques have been driven by wars, such as in the case of the American Civil War, which prompted Clara Barton to organize the American Red Cross.

* 1881 – The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton in Washington, D. C ..

* April 12 – Clara Barton, American nurse ( b. 1821 )

* May 21 – The American Red Cross is established by Clara Barton.

Clarissa Harlowe " Clara " Barton ( December 25, 1821 – April 12, 1912 ) was a pioneer American teacher, patent clerk, nurse, and humanitarian.

Clara Barton was the youngest child of Stephen Barton, veteran of the Indian Wars in Ohio and Michigan and a selectman in Oxford, Massachusetts ; and his wife, Sarah.

Clara Barton became a school teacher in 1837 teaching in the area for a dozen years in schools at Oxford, N. Oxford, Charlton, and West Millbury.

Clara Barton circa 1866.

When Clara Barton returned to the United States, she inaugurated a movement to gain recognition for the International Committee of the Red Cross by the United States government.

In 1975, Clara Barton National Historic Site, located at 5801 Oxford Road, Glen Echo, Maryland, was established as a unit of the National Park Service at Barton's home, where she spent the last 15 years of her life.

Visitors to Clara Barton National Historic Site can gain a sense of how Barton lived and worked.

Clara Barton – steel engraving by John Sartain

* Clara Barton School in Bordentown, New Jersey

* Clara Barton Drive in Fairfax Station, Virginia

* Clara Barton subdivision of Edison, NJ

* Clara Barton Parkway in Maryland

* Clara Barton Rest Area in New Jersey

* Clara Barton District, a regional association of Unitarian Universalist Association member congregations

* Clara Barton Elementary School in Oxford, Massachusetts

* Clara Barton Elementary School in Bronx, New York

* Clara Barton Elementary School in Cherry Hill, New Jersey

* Clara Barton Elementary School in Corona, California

* Clara Barton Elementary School in Chicago, Illinois

Early films, including those from the silent era, which feature the station include Traffic in Souls ( 1913 ), which starred Matt Moore ; The Yellow Passport ( 1916 ), starring Clara Kimball Young ; My Boy ( 1921 ), starring Jackie Coogan ; Frank Capra's The Strong Man ( 1926 ), starring Harry Langdon ; We Americans ( 1928 ), starring John Boles ; The Mating Call ( film ), 1928, co-starring Thomas Meighan and Renée Adorée ; Ellis Island ( 1936 ), starring Donald Cook ; Paddy O ' Day ( 1936 ), starring Jane Withers ; Gateway ( 1938 ), starring Don Ameche ; Exile Express ( 1939 ), which starred Anna Sten ; I, Jane Doe ( 1948 ), starring Ruth Hussey and Vera Ralston, and Gambling House ( 1951 ), starring Victor Mature

* 1566 – Isabella Clara Eugenia Spanish wife of Albert VII, Archduke of Austria ( d. 1633 )

* 1945 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress Clara Petacci are executed by a firing squad consisting of members of the Italian resistance movement.

Clara Petacci ( born Claretta Petacci ; 28 February 1912 – 28 April 1945 ) was the mistress of the Italian dictator Benito Mussolini, who was twenty-eight years her senior.

* Clara Petacci's sister was actress Miriam di San Servolo ( 31 May 1923 – 24 May 1991 ), also known as Miriam Petacci or Miriam Day.

* 1633 – Infanta Isabella Clara Eugenia of Spain ( b. 1566 )

* 1709 – Abraham a Sancta Clara, Austrian preacher ( b. 1644 )

* 1912 – Clara Petacci, Italian mistress of Benito Mussolini ( d. 1945 )

Ford married Clara Ala Bryant ( 1866 – 1950 ) in 1888 and supported himself by farming and running a sawmill.

* 1857 – Clara Zetkin, German theorist and activist ( d. 1933 )

* 1895 – Clara Haskil, Romanian pianist ( d. 1960 )

* 1968 – Intel is founded in Santa Clara, California.

* 1777 – Mission Santa Clara de Asís is founded in what is now Santa Clara, California.

Radiometric dating indicates that Santa Clara is the oldest of the islands, 5. 8 million years old, followed by Robinson Crusoe, 3. 8 – 4. 2 million years old, and Alexander Selkirk, 1. 0 – 2. 4 million years old.

On 11 June 1887 he married Clara Ripley ( 1856 / 7 – 1917 ), daughter of Walter Freake Pratt, a solicitor from Bath.

Jaynes was born in West Newton, Massachusetts, son of Julian Clifford Jaynes ( 1854 – 1922 ), a Unitarian minister, and Clara Bullard Jaynes ( 1884-1980 ).

* 1911 – International Women's Day is launched in Copenhagen, Denmark, by Clara Zetkin, leader of the Women's Office for the Social Democratic Party in Germany.

* 1972 – Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist

* 1819 – Clara Schumann, German pianist and composer ( d. 1896 )

* October 17 – The remains of Che Guevara are laid to rest with full military honours in a specially built mausoleum in the city of Santa Clara, Cuba, where he had won the decisive battle of the Cuban Revolution 39 years before.

* August 24 – Clara Maass, American nurse ( born 1876 )

* April 28 – Benito Mussolini and his mistress, Clara Petacci, are executed by Italian partisans as they attempt to flee the country.