Prior to the end of the slave trade and widespread abolition, when indigenous labour was unavailable, slaves were often imported to the Americas, first by the Spanish Empire, and later by the Dutch, French and British.

Prior to 1882, the coastal portions of French Guinea were part of the French colony of Senegal.

Prior to the Gatling gun, the only weapons available to militaries capable of firing many projectiles in a short space of time were mass-firing volley weapons like the French Reffye mitrailleuse in 1870 – 71, or field cannons firing canister, much like a very large shotgun.

Prior to independence, the French establishment and Catholic Church feared Opangault's radicalism and favored the rise of Fulbert Youlou, a former priest.

Prior to the dissolution of the Sainte-Chapelle in 1803, following the French Revolution, the term " la Sainte-Chapelle royale " also referred not only to the building but to the chapelle itself, the Sainte-Chapelle ( choir ).

Prior to the French Revolution Saumur was the capital of the Sénéchaussée de Saumur, a bailiwick, that existed until 1793.

Prior to the French Revolution in 1789, it had been a royal town and the Château de Saint-Germain the residence of numerous French monarchs.

Prior to ascending the throne, he was a leader of the royal army in the French Wars of Religion against the Huguenots, and took part in the victories over them at Battle of Jarnac and Battle of Moncontour.

Prior to the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, the only persons who came to the area were a few French and Spanish settlers.

Prior to the French Canadian settlers, indigenous peoples known as the Mississippian culture and earlier cultures had been living in the region for more than a thousand years.

Prior to the French and Indian War, a French trading post and block house was located on the site of the future village.

Prior to 1758, the French and Indian War had gone very poorly for the British, whose military met few of its objectives.

Prior to the phylloxera epidemic, the insect plague which devastated French vineyards in the 19th century, these interspersed cuttings were transported to Chile where the field blends are still common today.

Prior to the July 1956 general elections in the Gold Coast, a plebiscite was conducted under United Nations ( UN ) auspices to decide the future disposition of British Togoland and French Togoland.

Prior to the escalation of World War II to the Pacific and East Asia, the Japanese planners regarded it as self-evident that the conquests secured in Japan's earlier wars with Russia ( South Sakhalin and the Kwantung Leased Territory ), Germany ( the South Pacific Mandate ) and China ( Manchuria ) would be retained, as well as Korea ( Chōsen ), Taiwan ( Formosa ), the recently seized additional portions of China and occupied French Indochina.

( Prior to starting as 44, Victor French had a brief guest role in the season-one episode " Too Many Chiefs " as Smart's Mutual Insurance agent.

Prior to 1939 Mohaupt had demonstrated his invention to British and French ordnance authorities.

Prior to breaking up with Pete Doherty, Moss co-wrote four songs on Babyshambles ' second album Shotter's Nation —" You Talk ", " French Dog Blues ", " Baddie's Boogie ", and " Deft Left Hand ".

Prior to the advent of the American School, the scope of Comparative Literature in the West was typically limited to the literatures of Western Europe and Anglo-America, predominantly literature in English, German and French literature, with occasional forays into Italian literature ( primarily for Dante ) and Spanish literature ( primarily for Cervantes ).

Prior to 1974, Quebec had no official language and was subject only to the requirements on the use of English and French contained in Article 133 of the British North America Act, 1867.

However, it is important to trace the philosophy of the French Revolution to its sources to understand the common democratic origin of individualism and socialism and the influence of the latter on the former.

Yet, after Rousseau had given the social contract a new twist with his notion of the General Will, the same philosophy, it may be said, became the idea source of the French Revolution also.

He cites the French Revolution as typifying this rigidity but makes no mention of the Italians, who have been able to adapt to all types of circumstances.

A British writer, Richard Haestier, in a book, Dead Men Tell Tales, recalls that in the turmoil preceding the French Revolution the body of Henry 4,, who had died nearly 180 years earlier, was torn to pieces by a mob.

French Revolution -- Conservative Revolution??

This Greek abacus saw use in Achaemenid Persia, the Etruscan civilization, Ancient Rome and, until the French Revolution, the Western Christian world.

* 1793 – During the French Revolution, the Committee of Public Safety becomes the executive organ of the republic.

* 1802 – Napoleon Bonaparte signs a general amnesty to allow all but about one thousand of the most notorious émigrés of the French Revolution to return to France, as part of a reconciliary gesture with the factions of the Ancien Regime and to eventually consolidate his own rule.

The school deals primarily with the premodern world ( before the French Revolution ), with little interest in later topics.

The French Historical Revolution: The Annales School 1929 – 89, ( 1990 ), the major study in English excerpt and text search

* 1793 – The insurrection of Lyon occurs during the French Revolution.

The French Revolution ( 1787 – 99 ) that began during his youth was also influential: Ampère ’ s father was called into public service by the new revolutionary government, becoming a justice of the peace in a small town near Lyon.

His father, for example, was guillotined during the French Revolution and his wife died shortly after their marriage.

* 1793 – French Revolution: a levée en masse is decreed by the National Convention.

* 1831 – French intervention forces William I of the Netherlands to abandon his attempt to suppress the Belgian Revolution.

Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier ( also Antoine Lavoisier after the French Revolution ; 26 August 17438 May 1794 ; ), the " father of modern chemistry ," was a French nobleman prominent in the histories of chemistry and biology.

At the height of the French Revolution, he was accused by Jean-Paul Marat of selling adulterated tobacco, and of other crimes and was eventually guillotined a year after Marat's death.

The French Revolution was now extending its shocks over Italy ; and Canova sought obscurity and repose in his native Possagno.

* 1792 – French Revolution: Storming of the Tuileries Palace – Louis XVI of France is arrested and taken into custody as his Swiss Guards are massacred by the Parisian mob.

* Six reliefs sculpted on the façades of the Arch, representing important moments of the French Revolution and of the Napoleonic era include:

* On the inner façades of the small arches are engraved the names of the military leaders of the French Revolution and Empire.

His youth was spent in Tuscany, at Vienna and in the Austrian Netherlands, where he began his career of military service in the war of the French Revolution.

The Alien and Sedition Acts were four bills passed in 1798 by the Federalists in the 5th United States Congress in the aftermath of the French Revolution and during an undeclared naval war with Britain and France, later known as the Quasi-War.