** Han Fei

Legalism is a pragmatic political philosophy synthesized by Shang Yang and Han Fei.

Both Shang Yang and Han Fei promoted the absolute adherence to the rule of law, regardless of the circumstances or the person.

** Xun Zi, another Confucius ' follower, closer to realism, teacher of Han Fei and Li Si

* Han Fei, one of the most notable theoreticians of Legalism

For example, it denies Yue Fei, a " Han Chinese " who fought for China against the Jurchens, a place as a " hero of China ".

** Hanfeizi, attributed to Han Fei.

Academic publishers are more likely than others to adopt pinyin ; Columbia University Press changed the titles of Burton Watson's translations from " Chuang Tzu " to " Zhuangzi " and from " Han Fei Tzu " to " Hanfeizi ".

Han Fei Tzu: Basic Writings.

Nevertheless, they were wary of some of the more atheistic thinkers of the time, such as Han Fei.

The Legalist philosopher Han Fei spoke disparagingly of youxias in his book Han Feizi in the chapter On Five ' Maggot ' Classes ( 韩非子 · 五蠹 ) about the five social classes in the Spring and Autumn Period.

* Han Fei, Chinese philosopher from State of Han ( 280 – 233 BC )

* Zhang Fei, general of Shu Han ( d. 221 )

* Fei Yi, an official of Shu Han ( approximate date ) ( d. 253 )

The Qin put into practice the teachings of Han Fei, allowing the First Emperor to control all of his territories, including those recently conquered.

Other philosophers, theorists, and schools of thought in this era were Mozi, founder of Mohism ; Mencius, a famous Confucian who expanded upon Confucius ' legacy ; Shang Yang and Han Fei, responsible for the development of ancient Chinese Legalism ( the core philosophy of the Qin Dynasty ); and Xun Zi, who was arguably the center of ancient Chinese intellectual life during his time, even more so than iconic intellectual figures such as Mencius.

* 233 BC – Han Fei, Chinese philosopher who, along with Li Si, has developed Xun Zi's philosophy into the doctrine embodied by the School of Law ( or Legalism ) ( b. c. 280 BC )

** Liu Xingju, Chinese prince of the Han Dynasty and a key player during the Lü Clan Disturbance ( 180 BC ), grandson of Emperor Gao of Han and son of Prince Liu Fei of Qi

They had able military officers such as Yue Fei and Han Shizhong.

The imperial court often believed that successful generals endangered royal authority, and relieved or even executed them ( notably Li Gang, Yue Fei, and Han Shizhong.

* Liu Xingju, Chinese prince of the Han Dynasty and a key player during the Lü Clan Disturbance ( 180 BC ), grandson of Emperor Gao of Han and son of Prince Liu Fei of Qi

The Chinese world view during the Han dynasty, when the Lo Shu seems to have been at the height of its popularity, was based in large part on the teachings of the Yin-Yang and Five-Elements School, which was traditionally founded by Tsou Yen.

The system of Chinese astrology was elaborated during the Zhou dynasty ( 1046 – 256 BC ) and flourished during the Han Dynasty ( 2nd century BC to 2nd century AD ), during which all the familiar elements of traditional Chinese culture – the Yin-Yang philosophy, theory of the 5 elements, Heaven and Earth, Confucian morality – were brought together to formalise the philosophical principles of Chinese medicine and divination, astrology and alchemy.

The identity of the high-ranking personage who lived luxuriously in Chinese style, far outside of the borders of the Han Empire, has remained a matter for discussion ever since.

A Han Dynasty ( 202 BC – 220 AD ) Chinese miniature model of two residential towers joined by a bridge

Classical Chinese astronomy is recorded in the Han period and appears in the form of three schools, which are attributed to astronomers of the Zhanguo period.

** Han Chinese, the dominant ethnic group in mainland China, Taiwan and Singapore

* Chinese language, a language or family of languages spoken by the Han Chinese in China

The conventional view of Chinese history is that of alternating periods of political unity and disunity, with China occasionally being dominated by steppe peoples, most of whom were in turn assimilated into the Han Chinese population.

Though the unified reign of the First Qin Emperor lasted only 12 years, he managed to subdue great parts of what constitutes the core of the Han Chinese homeland and to unite them under a tightly centralized Legalist government seated at Xianyang ( close to modern Xi ' an ).

Taking advantage of civil war in the Jin Dynasty, the contemporary non-Han Chinese ( Wu Hu ) ethnic groups controlled much of the country in the early 4th century and provoked large-scale Han Chinese migrations to south of the Yangtze River.

The Manchus enforced a ' queue order ,' forcing the Han Chinese to adopt the Manchu queue hairstyle and Manchu-style clothing.

The Six Dynasties era saw the rise of the Xuanxue philosophical school and the maturation of Chinese Buddhism, which had entered China from India during the Late Han Dynasties.

Herbs were important to the Chinese people, especially during the Han Dynasty.

Further east, the military history of China, specifically northern China, held a long tradition of intense military exchange between Han Chinese infantry forces of the settled dynastic empires and the mounted nomads or " barbarians " of the north.

The Chinese recognized early on during the Han Dynasty ( 202 BC-220 AD ) that they were at a disadvantage in lacking the number of horses the northern nomadic peoples mustered in their armies.

After the war, 200, 000 Chinese troops under General Lu Han were sent by Chiang Kai-shek to northern Indochina ( north of the 16th parallel ) to accept the surrender of Japanese occupying forces there, and remained in Indochina until 1946, when the French returned.

Chiang Kai-shek considered both the Han Chinese and all the minority peoples of China, the Five Races Under One Union, as descendants of Huangdi, the Yellow Emperor and semi mythical founder of the Chinese nation, and belonging to the Chinese Nation Zhonghua Minzu and he introduced this into Kuomintang ideology, which was propagated into the educational system of the Republic of China.

The Emperor Wu of the Western Han dynasty introduced reforms that have governed the Chinese calendar ever since.

He also joined another revolutionary organisation, The Society for the Study of Wang Fuzhi ( Chuan-shan Hsüeh-she ) which had been founded by a number of Changsha literati who wished to emulate Wang Fuzhi ( 1619 – 1692 ), a philosopher who had become a symbol of Han resistance to Manchu invasion.

* The Chinese philosopher Li Kui writes the Book of Law ( Fajing, 法经 ) in 407 BC, the basis for the law codes of the following Qin Dynasty and partially that of the Han Dynasty.

* Han Yu, philosopher, essayist, and poet in Tang Dynasty China ( d. 824 )

* Han Yu, philosopher, essayist, and poet in Tang Dynasty China ( b. 768 )

Similar Chinese accounts of flying automata are written of the 5th century BC Mohist philosopher Mozi and his contemporary Lu Ban, who made artificial wooden birds ( ma yuan ) that could successfully fly according to the Han Fei Zi and other texts.

* c. 80 AD-In his Lunheng ( 論衡 ; Critical Essays ), the Han Dynasty Chinese philosopher Wang Chong ( 27-97 AD ) dispels the Chinese myth of rain coming from the heavens, and states that rain is evaporated from water on the earth into the air and forms clouds, stating that clouds condense into rain and also form dew, and says when the clothes of people in high mountains are moistened, this is because of the air-suspended rain water.

The German philosopher and media theorist Byung-Chul Han in his 2012 work Transparenzgesellschaft sees transparency as a cultural norm created by neoliberal market forces, which he understands as the insatiable drive toward voluntary disclosure bordering on the pornographic.

Because of Li Si and Han Feizi's staunch anti-Confucian stances, Xunzi's reputation as a Confucian philosopher has often come into question.

280 – 233 BC ), also known as Han Feizi, was a Chinese philosopher who, along with Li Si, Gongsun Yang, Shen Dao and Shen Buhai, developed the doctrine of Legalism.

One of the earliest accounts was a description by the Han Dynasty philosopher Wang Chong ( A. D. 27 – 97 ) around A. D. 80.

As a philosopher, Li was heavily influenced by Buddhism and also the great neo-Confucian Han Yu.

100 AD ), courtesy name Zhongren ( 仲任 ), was a Chinese philosopher active during the Han Dynasty.