Image: Meister nach Chang Hsüan 001. jpg | Ladies making silk, a remake of an 8th-century original by Zhang Xuan by Emperor Huizong of Song, early 12th century, Chinese

Image: Songhuizong4. jpg | Golden Pheasant and Cotton Rose, by Emperor Huizong of Song ( r. 1100-1126 AD ), Chinese

Image: Songhuizong8. jpg | Listening to the Guqin, by Emperor Huizong of Song ( 1100-1126 AD ), Chinese

During the Chinese Song Dynasty ( 960-1279 AD ), not only landscape art was improved upon, but portrait painting became more standardized and sophisticated than before ( for example, refer to Emperor Huizong of Song ), and reached its classical age maturity during the Ming Dynasty ( 1368-1644 AD ).

* 1126 – Emperor Huizong abdicates the Chinese throne in favour of his son Emperor Qinzong.

* 1082 – Emperor Huizong of China ( d. 1135 )

* Huizong, Emperor of China

* June 4 – Emperor Huizong of China ( b. 1082 )

** Ukhaantu Khan, Emperor Huizong of Yuan, emperor of the Yuan Dynasty ( d. 1370 )

* Aak music is introduced to the Korean court by Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty.

* The Zenghe era of Emperor Huizong of Song China ends, and the Chonghe era begins.

* The rule of Emperor Huizong of Song ends in China.

* Emperor Huizong of Song starts to rule in China.

* The highly cultivated emperor of China, Emperor Huizong of Song, writes his Treatise on Tea.

* Chinese architect and government minister Li Jie ( 1065 – 1110 ) publishes his Yingzao Fashi technical treatise on Chinese architecture during the reign of Emperor Huizong of Song.

** Ukhaantu Khan, Emperor Huizong of Yuan, last emperor of the Yuan Dynasty ( b. 1320 )

* November 2 – Emperor Huizong of China ( d. 1135 )

On January 9, 1127, Jin forces ransacked Kaifeng, capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, capturing both Emperor Qinzong and his father, Emperor Huizong, who had abdicated in panic in the face of Jin forces.

The Song official Tong Guan ( 1054 – 1126 ) advised Emperor Huizong ( 1100 – 1125 ) to form an alliance with the Jurchens, and their joint military campaign toppled and completely conquered the Liao Dynasty by 1125.

For example, the Song government — excluding the educational-reformist government under Emperor Huizong — spared little amount of state revenue to maintain prefectural and county schools ; instead, the bulk of the funds for schools was drawn from private financing.

Emperor Huizong was a renowned artist as well as a patron of the arts.

In 1110, a large fireworks display in a martial demonstration was held to entertain Emperor Huizong of Song ( r. 1100 – 1125 ) and his court.

Emperor Huizong ( 2 November 1082 – 4 June 1135 ) was the eighth and one of the most famous emperors of the Song Dynasty of China, with a personal life spent amidst luxury, sophistication and art but ending in tragedy.

A true artist, Huizong neglected the army, and Song China became increasingly weak and at the mercy of foreign enemies, despite his recasting of the symbolic Nine Tripod Cauldrons in 1106 in an attempt to assert his authority.

One of the sons of Huizong managed to escape to Southern China where, after many years of struggle, he would establish the Southern Song Dynasty, of which he was the first emperor, Emperor Gaozong ( 高宗 ).

Some emperors of China also had a liking to the qin, including the Song dynasty emperor, Huizong, as clearly seen in his own painting of himself playing the qin in " Ting Qin Tu ".

After Song's Qinzong and Huizong emperors were captured by the Jurchen, he became the emperor of China and established Southern Song empire.

* There were two dowagers of Tangut emperors named Empress Liang, the other was over Emperor Huizong of Western Xia, see Ksenia Kepping, The famous Liangzhou bilingual stele.

Huizong ( 1060 – 1086 ) was Emperor of Western Xia ( 1067 – 1086 ).

Huizong was succeeded by Emperor Chongzong of Western Xia.

* Eudokia Angelina, who married ( 1 ) King Stefan I Prvovenčani of Serbia, then ( 2 ) Emperor Alexios V Doukas, and ( 3 ) Leo Sgouros, ruler of Corinth.

After his education, Alexei married, albeit greatly against his will Princess Charlotte of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, whose family was connected by marriage to many of the great families of Europe i. e., Charlotte's sister Elizabeth was married to Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, ruler of the Habsburg Monarchy.

Axayacatl ( ( the name means " Water-mask " or " Water-face ") was the sixth Aztec Emperor, a ruler ( tlatoani ) of the Postclassic Mesoamerican Aztec Empire and city of Tenochtitlan, who reigned from 1469 to 1481.

Boudica's husband Prasutagus, ruler of the Iceni tribe, who had ruled as a nominally independent ally of Rome, left his kingdom jointly to his daughters and the Roman Emperor in his will.

At the time, Shogun Tokugawa Ieyoshi was the de-facto ruler of Japan ; for the Emperor to interact in any way with foreigners was out of the question.

The role of the Emperor of Japan has historically alternated between a largely ceremonial symbolic role and that of an actual imperial ruler.

The government led by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli, conferred the additional title upon her by an Act of Parliament, reputedly to assuage the monarch's irritation at being, as a mere Queen, notionally inferior to her own daughter ( Princess Victoria was the wife of the reigning German Emperor ); the Indian Imperial designation was also formally justified as the expression of Britain succeeding as paramount ruler of the subcontinent the former Mughal ' Padishah of Hind ', using indirect rule through hundreds of princely states formally under protection, not colonies, but accepting the British Sovereign as their suzerain.

In the end, Đinh Bộ Lĩnh unified the country after defeating all the warlords and became the first ruler of Dai Viet to use the title Hoàng Đế ( 皇帝, Emperor ) in 968.

Sometimes an empire is a semantic construction, such as when a ruler assumes the title of " Emperor ".

He was the son of Emperor Jomei, but was preceded as ruler by his mother Empress Saimei.

In Kitabatake Chikafusa's 14th century account of Emperor Yōzei's reign, the emperor is described as possessing a " violent disposition " and unfit to be a ruler.

On March 25, 1889, the Shewa ruler Menelik II — having conquered Tigray and Amhara, declared himself Emperor of Ethiopia ( Abyssinia in the European parlance of the time ).

When Otto died in 1218, Fredrick became the undisputed ruler, and in 1220 was crowned Holy Roman Emperor.

Rudolph had become King of Germany / Holy Roman Emperor in 1273, and the dynasty of the House of Habsburg was truly entrenched in 1276 when Rudolph became sovereign ruler of Austria, which the Habsburgs ruled for the next six centuries.

* 1215 – Zhongdu ( now Beijing ), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu.

According to Coleridge's Preface to Kubla Khan, the poem was composed one night after he experienced an opium influenced dream after reading a work describing Xanadu, the summer palace of the Mongol ruler and Emperor of China Kublai Khan.

* 313 – Emperor Jin Huidi is executed by Liu Cong, ruler of the Xiongnu state ( Han Zhao ).

The Emperor accused the Polish ruler of an illegal coronation as King and declared him a usurper.

In October 1028, the Emperor's opportunity came as the Lutici district of Pöhlde asked the Emperor to defend against the attacks of Mieszko II, promising support in the fight against the Polish ruler.

Probably in 985 the Polish ruler ended his support for the Bavarian duke and moved to the side of the Emperor.

One year later, the Polish ruler had a personal meeting with the Emperor, an event mentioned in the Annals of Hersfeld:

The chronicler claims that a settlement was then concluded between the Emperor and the Bohemian ruler Boleslav II the Pious, which is not mentioned in any other source and is contrary to the realities of the political situation at that time.

In addition to their promised allegiance to the other, Louis and Charles pledged their solidarity to oppose their eldest brother Lothair, ruler of Middle Francia and, nominally, emperor of all the Carolingian Empire Frankish kingdoms as well as Holy Roman Emperor.

Oromo ruler Iyasu V of Ethiopia | Iyasu V ( Lij Iyasu ), Emperor of Ethiopia from 1913 – 16.

In 800 Pope Leo III crowned the Frankish ruler Charlemagne as Roman Emperor, a major step toward establishing what later became known as the Holy Roman Empire ; from that date onward the popes claimed the prerogative to crown the Emperor, though the right fell into disuse after the coronation of Charles V in 1530.