* 1979 – A Provisional Irish Republican Army bomb kills British World War II admiral Louis Mountbatten and three others while they are boating on holiday in Sligo, Republic of Ireland.

* 1994 – The Provisional Irish Republican Army declares a ceasefire.

* 1916 – Easter Rising: The Irish Republican Brotherhood led by nationalists Patrick Pearse, James Connolly, and Joseph Plunkett starts a rebellion in Ireland.

Although established to target the Irish Republican Army, the Black and Tans became notorious through their numerous attacks on the Irish civilian population.

In the same month the Irish Republican Army began the Irish War of Independence, a guerrilla campaign against British rule ; in 1919 this consisted of attacks on the Royal Irish Constabulary ( RIC ).

One of the most famous Irish Republican songs is Dominic Behan's " Come out Ye Black and Tans ".

He and 13 others resigned, actively changing sides in the conflict with many joining or assisting the Irish Republican Army.

The Provisional Irish Republican Army's ( IRA ) campaign against the partition of Ireland had begun in the two years prior to Bloody Sunday, but public perceptions of the day boosted the status of, and recruitment into, the organisation enormously.

In the following twenty years, the Provisional Irish Republican Army and other smaller republican groups such as the Irish National Liberation Army ( INLA ) mounted an armed campaign against the British, by which they meant the RUC, the British Army, the Ulster Defence Regiment ( UDR ) of the British Army ( and, according to their critics, the Protestant and unionist establishment ).

The Irish Republican political party, Sinn Féin is also known to have close political links to the Cuban government.

In the past Fidel Castro has expressed support for the Irish Republican cause of a United Ireland.

The Cuban government supported and still supports the Republican cause, but opposed the attacks which took place on civilian targets by Sinn Féin's military ally, the Provisional Irish Republican Army and of course attacks on civilians by their loyalist enemies such as the Ulster Volunteer Force and Ulster Defence Association.

The Continuity Irish Republican Army, otherwise known as the Continuity IRA ( CIRA ) and styling itself as Óglaigh na hÉireann, is an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that aims to bring about a united Ireland.

The CIRA considers itself a direct continuation of the Irish Republican Army ( the army of the unilaterally-declared 1919 – 1922 Irish Republic ) that fought in the Irish War of Independence ; as such, its supporters regard it as the national army of a 32 county Irish Republic.

In a 1986 statement, he rejected " the legitimacy of an Army Council styling itself the Council of the Irish Republican Army which lends support to any person or organisation styling itself as Sinn Féin and prepared to enter the partition parliament of Leinster House.

" In 1987, Maguire described the " Continuity Executive " as the " lawful Executive of the Irish Republican Army.

* 1642 – Irish Confederate Wars: A Confederate Irish militia is routed in the Battle of Kilrush when it attempts to halt the progress of the British Army.

* 1798 – Wolfe Tone's United Irish and French forces clash with the British Army in the Battle of Castlebar, part of the Irish Rebellion of 1798, resulting in the creation of the French puppet Republic of Connaught.

While the crew spent six weeks shooting on location in Scotland, the major battle scenes were shot in the Republic of Ireland using members of the Irish Army Reserve as extras.

The English Army ( and subsequently the British Army ) stayed in Ireland primarily to suppress numerous Irish revolts and campaigns for independence.

The British Army found itself fighting Irish rebels, both Protestant and Catholic, primarily in Ulster and Leinster ( Wolfe Tone's United Irishmen ) in the 1798 rebellion.

In addition to battling the armies of other European Empires ( and of its former colonies, the United States, in the American War of 1812 ), in the battle for global supremacy, the British Army fought the Chinese in the First and Second Opium Wars, and the Boxer Rebellion, Māori tribes in the first of the New Zealand Wars, Nawab Shiraj-ud-Daula's forces and British East India Company mutineers in the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the Boers in the First and Second Boer Wars, Irish Fenians in Canada during the Fenian raids and Irish separatists in the Anglo-Irish War.

The " Cogadh na Saoirse " medal, awarded since 1941 by the Irish government to IRA veterans of the War of Independence, bears a ribbon with two vertical stripes in black and tan.

With the Official IRA and Official Sinn Féin having moved away from mainstream Irish republicanism towards Marxism, the Provisional IRA began to win the support of newly radicalised, disaffected young people.

Thus, similar to the claim put forward by the Provisional IRA after its split from the Official IRA in 1969, the Continuity IRA claims to be the legitimate continuation of the ' Irish Republican Army ' or Óglaigh na hÉireann.

The CIRA is an illegal organisation under UK ( section 11 ( 1 ) of the Terrorism Act 2000 ) and Irish law due to the use of ' IRA ' in the group's name in a situation analogous to that of the Real Irish Republican Army ( RIRA ).

On 21 January 1994, on the 75th anniversary of the First Dáil Éireann, Continuity IRA volunteers offered a " final salute " to Tom Maguire by firing over his grave, and a public statement and a photo were published in Saoirse Irish Freedom.

Eleven people were killed and hundreds injured as a result of a Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) bomb.

In 1979 Mountbatten was assassinated by the Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ), who planted a bomb in his yacht, the Shadow V, at Mullaghmore, County Sligo, in the Republic of Ireland.

While the Rising and its leaders continued to be venerated by Irish republicans — including members and supporters of the Provisional IRA and the modern Sinn Féin — with murals in republican areas of Belfast and other towns celebrating the actions of Pearse and his comrades, and a number of parades held annually in remembrance of the Rising, the Irish government discontinued its annual parade in Dublin in the early 1970s, and in 1976 it took the unprecedented step of proscribing ( under the Offences against the State Act ) a 1916 commemoration ceremony at the GPO organised by Sinn Féin and the Republican commemoration Committee.

* 1974 – M62 coach bombing: The Provisional Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) explodes a bomb on a bus carrying off-duty British Armed Forces personnel in Yorkshire, England.

Kelly was a major financial supporter of the Irish Republican Army ( IRA ), and he left thousands of pounds to NORAID in his will.

The Irish Republican Army ( IRA ) () was an Irish republican revolutionary military organisation.

Thereafter, the IRA waged a guerrilla campaign against British rule in Ireland in the 1919 – 21 Irish War of Independence.

Members who supported the treaty formed the nucleus of the Irish National Army founded by IRA leader Michael Collins.

In addition, the methods of the IRA were to some extent inspired by the traditions of militant agrarian Irish secret societies like the Defenders, the Ribbonmen and the supporters of the Irish Land League.

In theory, the IRA was responsible to the Dáil and was the army of the Irish Republic.

However, the presence of a vigorous population of Celtic lineage, principally of Irish origin, has supported the creation of other celebrations of beer, often for marketing purposes, such as Saint Patrick's Day ( Día de San Patricio ), patron of Ireland, which is celebrated with abundant libations.

Regarding Ireland the major Liberal achievements were land reform, where he ended centuries of landlord oppression ), the disestablishment of the ( Anglican ) Church of Ireland through the Irish Church Act 1869.

The banshee ( ), from the Irish bean sí (" woman of the sídhe " or " woman of the fairy mounds ") is a feminine spirit in Irish mythology, usually seen as an omen of death and a messenger from the Otherworld.

This comb detail is also related to the centuries-old traditional romantic Irish story that, if you ever see a comb lying on the ground in Ireland, you must never pick it up, or the banshees ( or mermaids — stories vary ), having placed it there to lure unsuspecting humans, will spirit such gullible humans away.

Irish bua ( Classical Irish buadh ), Buaidheach, Welsh buddugoliaeth ), and that the correct spelling of the name in the British language is Boudica, pronounced ( the closest English equivalent to the vowel in the first syllable is the ow in " bow-and-arrow ").

* Bloody Sunday ( 1920 ), a day of violence in Dublin, Ireland during the Irish War of Independence

* Bloody Sunday ( 1921 ), a day of violence in Belfast, Northern Ireland during the Irish War of Independence

A number of other European languages have cognate words that were borrowed from the Germanic languages during the Middle Ages, including brog in Irish, bwr or bwrc, meaning " wall, rampart " in Welsh, bourg in French, burg in Catalan ( in Catalonia there is a town named Burg ), borgo in Italian, and burgo in Spanish ( hence the place-name Burgos ).

Among these actions were the Seven Years ' War, the American Revolutionary War, the Napoleonic Wars, the First and Second Opium Wars, the Boxer Rebellion, the New Zealand land wars, the Sepoy Rebellion of 1857, the First and Second Boer Wars, the Fenian raids, the Irish War of Independence, its serial interventions into Afghanistan ( which were meant to maintain a friendly buffer state between British India and the Russian Empire ), and the Crimean War ( to keep the Russian Empire at a safe distance by coming to Turkey's aid ).

He was born in the Queens borough of New York, New York, as a son of Jayne ( née Quinlan ), of Irish descent, and John George Costas, an electrical engineer of Greek descent.

All eyewitnesses ( apart from the soldiers ), including marchers, local residents, and British and Irish journalists present, maintain that soldiers fired into an unarmed crowd, or were aiming at fleeing people and those tending the wounded, whereas the soldiers themselves were not fired upon.

With rival paramilitary organisations appearing in both the nationalist / republican and Irish unionist / Ulster loyalist communities ( the Ulster Defence Association, Ulster Volunteer Force ( UVF ), etc.

In October 2010, T with the Maggies released the song Domhnach na Fola ( Irish for Bloody Sunday ), written by Mairéad Ní Mhaonaigh and Tríona Ní Dhomhnaill on their debut album.

Musician Alan Stivell uses a similar dichotomy, between the Gaelic ( Irish / Scottish / Manx ) and the Brythonic ( Breton / Welsh / Cornish ) branches, which differentiate " mostly by the extended range ( sometimes more than two octaves ) of Irish and Scottish melodies and the closed range of Breton and Welsh melodies ( often reduced to a half-octave ), and by the frequent use of the pure pentatonic scale in Gaelic music.

In 1971, the Irish band Skara Brae recorded its first and only LP ( simply called Skara Brae ), all songs in Irish.

The island's residents can be grouped into five main cultures ; Scottish, Mi ' kmaq, Acadian, Irish, and English, with respective languages Gaelic ( Scottish and Irish ), Mi ' kmaq, French, and English.