Le Chatelier's principle ( 1884 ) gives an idea of the behavior of an equilibrium system when changes to its reaction conditions occur.

Exhaled CO < sub > 2 </ sub >( g ) depletes CO < sub > 2 </ sub >( aq ) which in turn consumes H < sub > 2 </ sub > CO < sub > 3 </ sub > causing the aforementioned shift left in the first reaction by Le Chatelier's principle.

The pressure dependence can be explained with the Le Chatelier's principle.

Le Chatelier's principle indicates that the reaction is more favorable to reduction as the concentration of Cu < sup > 2 +</ sup > ions increases.

Since esterification is highly reversible, the yield of the ester can be improved using Le Chatelier's principle:

* September 17 – Henri Louis Le Chatelier, French chemist ( Le Chatelier's principle ) ( b. 1850 )

In chemistry, Le Chatelier's principle, also called Chatelier's principle, can be used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium.

It is common to take Le Chatelier's principle to be a more general observation ,< ref name =" Systemantics "> roughly stated:

In pharmacology, the binding of ligands to the receptor may shift the equilibrium according to Le Chatelier's principle, thereby explaining the diverse phenomena of receptor activation and desensitization.

Le Chatelier's principle qualitatively describes systems of non-instantaneous change ; the duration of adjustment depends on the strength of the negative feedback to the initial shock.

Using Le Chatelier's principle, we can predict that the amount of methanol will increase, decreasing the total change in CO.

When some strong acid is added to an equilibrium mixture of the weak acid and its conjugate base, the equilibrium is shifted to the left, in accordance with Le Chatelier's principle.

The value of the pK < sub > a </ sub > changes with temperature and can be understood qualitatively based on Le Chatelier's principle: when the reaction is endothermic, the pK < sub > a </ sub > decreases with increasing temperature ; the opposite is true for exothermic reactions.

In accordance with Le Chatelier's Principle, when the dissolution process is endothermic ( heat is absorbed ), solubility increases with rising temperature, but when the process is exothermic ( heat is released ) solubility decreases with rising temperature.

However the tendency of hot bodies to get cold ( see Thermodynamics ) and by Le Chatelier's Principle — the statistical mechanics extension of Newton's Third Law — to oppose this tendency should be noted.

According to Le Chatelier's principle, the addition of acetate ions from sodium acetate will suppress the ionization of acetic acid and shift its equilibrium to the left.

# REDIRECT Le Chatelier's principle

Following Le Chatelier's principle, lowering the blood concentration of uric acid may permit any existing crystals of uric acid to be gradually dissolved into the blood, from whence the dissolved uric acid can be excreted.

In less than five years later, Haber and Claude were successful in producing ammonia on a commercial scale, acknowledging that the account of Le Chatelier's failed attempt had accelerated their research.

Between 1884 and 1888, Le Chatelier and Braun formulated Le Chatelier's principle, which extended the same idea to a more general statement on the effects of factors other than concentration on the position of the equilibrium.

This is seen as a systems theory analog of Le Chatelier's principle that suggests chemical and physical processes tend to counteract changed conditions that upset equilibrium until a new equilibrium is established.

Thus, the folklorist Anatole Le Braz gives a detailed account of one ballad singer, Yann Ar Minouz, who wrote and performed songs traveling through Brittany in the late nineteenth century and selling printed versions.

This drawing, by French science fiction writer Albert Robida for his book Le Vingtième Siècle, a nineteenth century conception of life in the twentieth century, depicts a dwelling that can rotate on a post, with an airship in the distance.

Like other French operas of the period, Lakmé captures the ambience of the Orient seen through Western eyes, which was periodically in vogue during the latter part of the nineteenth century, in line with other operatic works such as Bizet's The Pearl Fishers and Massenet's Le roi de Lahore.

One of the premier ghost story writers of the nineteenth century was Sheridan Le Fanu, whose works include Uncle Silas and Carmilla.

According to the historian Luigi Paulucci in his book " Le Bocche di Cattaro nel 1810 " ( The Bay of Kotor in 1810 ), most of the population spoke the Venetian language until the beginning of the nineteenth century.

The nineteenth century newspaper publisher and writer Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, proprietor of the Dublin Evening Mail lived in nearby Chapelizod when not in residence his city townhouse at Merrion Square.

The area was rezoned in the 1950s, and the nineteenth century homes were levelled, and apartment towers — inspired by Le Corbusier's Towers in the Park concept — were erected.

Jean-Baptiste Gustave Le Gray ( August 30, 1820, Villiers-le-Bel, Val-d ' Oise – July 30, 1884 ) has been called " the most important French photographer of the nineteenth century " because of his technical innovations in the still new medium of photography, his role as the teacher of other noted photographers, and the extraordinary imagination he brought to picture making ".

Asiatic Society of Bengal, 1866 ( Translated by Le Strange when he was living in Haifa at the end of the nineteenth century.

One of Robida's drawings for his book Le Vingtième Siècle, a nineteenth century conception of life in the twentieth century.

In his nineteenth year he produced in collaboration with his father a light opera ( 1791 ) adapted from Le Médecin malgré lui of Molière.

A Viard's Le Cuisinier Impérial ( Paris: J .- N. Barba, 1806 ) was a culinary encyclopedia that passed through at least thirty-two editions in its long career as the essential reference work for the French professional chef during the nineteenth century.

In Canada, Jesuit missionaries such as Fathers LeClercq, Le Jeune and Sagard, in the 17th century, provide the oldest ethnographic records of native tribes in what was then the Dominion of Canada.

It was in the age of absolute monarchy launched by Louix XIV in the 17th century that the likes of Poussin and Le Brun put France in the forefront of European art.

19th century painting on display at Versailles, Yvelines | Versailles depicting Adhemar of Le Puy ( in red to left of Raymond IV, Count of Toulouse ).

In the middle and late 19th century, several renowned Mesoamerican scholars, starting with Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, and including Edward Herbert Thompson and Augustus Le Plongeon proposed that Atlantis was somehow related to Mayan and Aztec culture.

The musical arrangement was attributed to Louis Le Maire ( sometimes Lemaire ), an 18th century composer.

From the 12th to the 15th century, Bordeaux regained importance following the marriage of Duchess Eleanor of Aquitaine with the French-speaking Count Henri Plantagenet, born in Le Mans, who became, within months of their wedding, King Henry II of England.

However, in the late 15th century, Thomas Malory created the image of Camelot most familiar to English speakers today in his Le Morte d ' Arthur, a work based mostly on the French romances.

The name ' de Klerk ' ( literally meaning " the clerk " in Dutch ) is derived from Le Clerc, Le Clercq, and de Clercq and is of French Huguenot origin, as are a great number of other Afrikaans surnames, reflecting the French Huguenot refugees who settled in the Cape beginning in the 17th century alongside the Dutch, after they escaped religious persecution in France.

Important museums in Ghent are the Museum voor Schone Kunsten ( Museum of Fine Arts ), with paintings by Hieronymus Bosch, Peter Paul Rubens, and many Flemish masters ; the SMAK or Stedelijk Museum voor Actuele Kunst ( City Museum for Contemporary Art ), with works of the 20th century, including Joseph Beuys and Andy Warhol ; and the Design Museum with masterpieces of Victor Horta and Le Corbusier.

The libretto, a version of Pierre Beaumarchais ' stage play Le Barbier de Séville, was newly written by Cesare Sterbini and not the same as that already used by Giovanni Paisiello in his own Barbiere, an opera which had enjoyed European popularity for more than a quarter of a century.

The Gothic tradition continued in the 19th century, in such works as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein ( 1818 ), Edgar Allan Poe's short stories, the works of Sheridan Le Fanu, Robert Louis Stevenson's Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde ( 1886 ), Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray ( 1890 ), and Bram Stoker's Dracula ( 1897 ).

Galahad and the interpretation of the Grail involving him were picked up in the 15th century by Sir Thomas Malory in Le Morte d ' Arthur, and remain popular today.

The 19th century printer and typefounder Fournier Le Jeune suggested that Gutenberg might not have been using type cast with a reusable matrix, but possibly wooden types that were carved individually.

The development of the medieval Arthurian cycle and the character of the " Arthur of romance " culminated in Le Morte d ' Arthur, Thomas Malory's retelling of the entire legend in a single work in English in the late 15th century.

From 16th century Venice, the Louvre displays Titian's Le Concert Champetre, The Entombment and The Crowning with Thorns.

The subject also enjoyed a revival in the mid twentieth century ; André Obey's 1931 play Le Viol de Lucrèce was adapted into a 1946 opera by Benjamin Britten.

As the principal city of Maine, Le Mans was the stage for struggles in the eleventh century between the counts of Anjou and the dukes of Normandy.

In the 20th century the traditions of Russian opera were developed by many composers including Sergei Rachmaninoff in his works The Miserly Knight and Francesca da Rimini, Igor Stravinsky in Le Rossignol, Mavra, Oedipus rex, and The Rake's Progress, Sergei Prokofiev in The Gambler, The Love for Three Oranges, The Fiery Angel, Betrothal in a Monastery, and War and Peace ; as well as Dmitri Shostakovich in The Nose and Lady Macbeth of the Mtsensk District, Edison Denisov in L ' écume des jours, and Alfred Schnittke in Life with an Idiot and Historia von D. Johann Fausten.

With " Le Cimetière marin " and " L ' Ebauche d ' un serpent ," it is often considered one of the greatest French poems of the twentieth century.

It's based on La Boxe Française Savate, La Savate of the late 19th century, La Lutte Parisienne and the discipline * of La canne de Combat ( stick ) * includes also Le Bâton Français ( staff ), Le Couteau ( knife ), Le Poignard ( dagger ), La Chaise ( chair ) and Le Manteau ( overcoat ).

In the 21st century, groups like Funk Como Le Gusta and Clube do Balanço continue to keep this sub-genre alive.