In 853, at the age of four, Alfred is said to have been sent to Rome where, according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, he was confirmed by Pope Leo IV who " anointed him as king ".

A letter of Leo IV shows that Alfred was made a " consul "; a misinterpretation of this investiture, deliberate or accidental, could explain later confusion.

Following the death of his son Leo IV in 780, the empress Irene restored the veneration of images through the agency of the Second Council of Nicaea in 787.

* 750 – Leo IV the Khazar, Byzantine Emperor ( d. 780 )

In 816, Pope Stephen IV, who had succeeded Leo III, visited Reims and again crowned Louis.

" It also changes the date from the 11th to the 9th century, indicating that Joan reigned between Leo IV and Benedict III in the 850s.

Pope John VIII: John, of English extraction, was born at Mentz ( Mainz ) and is said to have arrived at Popedom by evil art ; for disguising herself like a man, whereas she was a woman, she went when young with her paramour, a learned man, to Athens, and made such progress in learning under the professors there that, coming to Rome, she met with few that could equal, much less go beyond her, even in the knowledge of the scriptures ; and by her learned and ingenious readings and disputations, she acquired so great respect and authority that upon the death of Pope Leo IV ( as Martin says ) by common consent she was chosen Pope in his room.

It was around this time when a long series of busts of past Popes was made for the Duomo of Siena, which included one of the female Pope, named as " Johannes VIII, Foemina de Anglia " and included between Leo IV and Benedict III.

Between Leo IV and Benedict III, where Martinus Polonus places her, she cannot be inserted, because Leo IV died 17 July 855, and immediately after his death Benedict III was elected by the clergy and people of Rome ; but, owing to the setting up of an Antipope, in the person of the deposed Cardinal Anastasius, he was not consecrated until 29 September.

Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims, informed Nicholas I that a messenger whom he had sent to Leo IV learned on his way of the death of this Pope, and therefore handed his petition to Benedict III, who decided it ( Hincmar, ep.

All these witnesses prove the correctness of the dates given in the lives of Leo IV and Benedict III, and there was no interregnum between these two Popes, so that at this place there is no room for the alleged Popess.

Sergius died while negotiating between two patriarchs and was succeeded by Pope Leo IV.

Papal interest in Christio-Muslim relations in the peninsular are not without precedent-Popes Leo IV ( 847-855 ), John VIII ( 872-882 ) and John XIX ( 1024 – 33 ) are all known to have displayed substantial interest in the region.

It is known that Pope Leo IV had the figure of the cock placed on the Old St. Peter's Basilica or old Constantinian basilica and has served as a religious icon and reminder of Peter's denial of Christ since that time, with some churches still having the rooster on the steeple today.

These iconoclastic tendencies were shared by his son, Leo IV.

A defensive wall, commissioned by Pope Leo IV, is built around what came to be called the Leonine City as a defensive response to the Saracen desecration of Rome in 846.

* June 22 – Pope Stephen IV ( sometimes referred to as Stephen V ) succeeds Pope Leo III as the 97th pope.

* January – Pope Leo IV succeeds Pope Sergius II as the 103rd pope.

* September 29 – Pope Benedict III succeeds Pope Leo IV as the 104th pope.

* July 17 – Pope Leo IV

* September 8 – Leo IV, Byzantine Emperor

* 474 – Seven-year-old Leo II succeeds his maternal grandfather Leo I as Byzantine emperor.

* August 4 – Pope Pius X succeeds Pope Leo XIII as the 257th pope.

* March 31, 1829 – Pope Pius VIII succeeds Pope Leo XII as the 253rd pope.

* March 31 – Pope Pius VIII succeeds Pope Leo XII as the 253rd pope.

* February 20 – Pope Leo XIII succeeds Pope Pius IX as the 256th pope.

* January 9 – Pope Adrian VI ( born Adriaan Florenszoon Boeyens, Dedens or Dedel ; Hadrianus in Latin ) succeeds Pope Leo X as the 218th pope.

* April 1 – Pope Leo XI succeeds Pope Clement VIII as the 232nd pope.

* May 16 – Pope Paul V succeeds Pope Leo XI as the 233rd pope, making 1605 the last Year of Three Popes until 1978.

* December 26 – Pope Leo III succeeds Pope Adrian I as the 96th pope.

* June 18 – Constantine V succeeds Leo III as emperor of the Byzantine Empire.

* Michael II succeeds Leo V as Byzantine Emperor.

* July 14 – Pope Stephen VIII succeeds Pope Leo VII as the 127th pope.

* June 26 – Pope Benedict II succeeds Pope Leo II as the 81st pope.

* April 13 – Pope Victor II succeeds Pope Leo IX as the 153rd pope.

* August 17 – Pope Leo II succeeds Pope Agatho as the 80th pope.

* Leo VI succeeds his stepfather Basil I as Byzantine emperor and replaces patriarch Photius with his brother Stephen I.

* March 9 – Pope Leo X succeeds Pope Julius II as the 217th pope.

* Leo VI succeeds his distant cousin, Constantine VI, as King of Armenian Cilicia ( now southern Turkey ).

* February 12 – Pope Leo IX succeeds Pope Damasus II as the 152nd pope.

* October 1 – Pope John XIII succeeds Pope Leo VIII as the 133rd pope.