John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh | Lord Rayleigh's method for the isolation of argon, based on an experiment of Henry Cavendish's.

Argon ( αργος, Greek meaning " inactive ", in reference to its chemical inactivity ) was suspected to be present in air by Henry Cavendish in 1785 but was not isolated until 1894 by Lord Rayleigh and Sir William Ramsay in Scotland in an experiment in which they removed all of the oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and nitrogen from a sample of clean air.

Analytic theorists like Henry Home, Lord Kames, William Hogarth, and Edmund Burke hoped to reduce beauty to some list of attributes.

When it fell to the British Raj, the fort was dismantled on the orders of Lord William Bentinck and was converted into a sanatorium for the British troops stationed at the garrison town of Nasirabad.

* Lord Abergavenny is a character in William Shakespeare's play Henry VIII.

The office of Lord High Admiral passed a number of times in and out of commission until 1709, after which the office was almost permanently in commission ( the last Lord High Admiral being the future King William IV in the early 19th century ).

The Christian hymn " The Lord is in His Holy Temple ", written in 1900 by William J. Kirkpatrick, is based on verse 2: 20.

The 1890s were marred by infighting between the three principal successors to Gladstone, party leader William Harcourt, former Prime Minister Lord Rosebery, and Gladstone's personal secretary, John Morley.

During the Anglo-French War ( 1627 – 1629 ), under Charles I, by 1629 the Kirkes took Quebec City, Sir James Stewart of Killeith, Lord Ochiltree planted a colony on Cape Breton Island at Baleine, Nova Scotia and Alexander ’ s son, William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling established the first incarnation of “ New Scotland ” at Port Royal.

Attlee's short list of Resignation Honours announced in November 1951 included an Earldom for William Jowitt, Lord Chancellor.

The dukedom was created in 1702 by Queen Anne ; John Churchill, whose wife was a favourite of the queen, had earlier been made Lord Churchill of Eyemouth in the Scottish peerage ( 1682 ), which became extinct with his death, and Earl of Marlborough ( 1689 ) by King William III.

Some, such as Lord Herbert of Cherbury and William Wollaston, held that souls exist, survive death, and in the afterlife are rewarded or punished by God for their behavior in life.

William Thomson ( Lord Kelvin ) amalgamated all of these laws into the laws of thermodynamics, which aided in the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes by Rudolf Clausius, Josiah Willard Gibbs, and Walther Nernst.

Alberic, or Aubrey de Vere, sided with William the Conqueror, and after 1066 was rewarded with many estates, as well as being made hereditary Lord Great Chamberlain of England, one of the six Great Officers of State.

He had two elder brothers, William Earle Lytton Bulwer ( 1799 – 1877 ) and Henry ( 1801 – 1872 ), later Lord Dalling and Bulwer.

William Brooke, 10th Baron Cobham may have become aware of the offensive representation after a public performance ; he may also have learned of it while it was being prepared for a court performance ( Cobham was at that time Lord Chamberlain ).

William Fairfax, Lawrence's father-in-law and cousin of Virginia's largest landowner, Thomas, Lord Fairfax, was also a formative influence.

Sketch of Whirlpool Galaxy | Messier 51 by William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse | Lord Rosse in 1845, later known as the Whirlpool Galaxy

Sir William McKell ( 1947 – 53 ) was knighted during his term of office, but all the other governors-general until 1989 were already either peers or knights ; the only Australian peer was Lord Casey ( 1965 – 69 ).

Lord Dunrossil ( as William Morrison ) was Speaker of the UK House of Commons.

More recent Governors-General in this category include Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck, Sir John Kerr, Sir Ninian Stephen, Bill Hayden and Sir William Deane.

Of the ten Australians appointed since 1965, Lord Casey, Sir Paul Hasluck and Bill Hayden were former federal parliamentarians ; Sir John Kerr was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of New South Wales ; Sir Ninian Stephen and Sir William Deane were appointed from the bench of the High Court ; Sir Zelman Cowen was a vice-chancellor of the University of Queensland and constitutional lawyer ; Peter Hollingworth was the Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane ; and Major-General Michael Jeffery was a retired military officer and former Governor of Western Australia.

In Canada, a similar situation took place in 1925 wherein Governor General Lord Byng of Vimy appointed Arthur Meighen after William Lyon Mackenzie King refused to resign the premiership ( known as the King-Byng Affair ).

Scholars have often speculated that Hamlet < nowiki ></ nowiki >' s Polonius might have been inspired by William Cecil ( Lord Burghley )— Lord High Treasurer and chief counsellor to Queen Elizabeth I. E. K. Chambers suggested Polonius's advice to Laertes may have echoed Burghley's to his son Robert Cecil.

Since 1721, every head of the Sovereign's government – with one exception in the 18th century ( William Pitt the Elder ) and one in the 19th ( Lord Salisbury ) – has been First Lord of the Treasury.

Lord Liverpool was Prime Minister for 15 years ; he and Pitt held the position for 34 years.

Prime Ministers of the period included: William Pitt the Younger, Lord Grenville, Duke of Portland, Spencer Perceval, Lord Liverpool, George Canning, Lord Goderich, Duke of Wellington, Lord Grey, Lord Melbourne, and Sir Robert Peel.

Alternatively the fee may have been waived by the commanding officer of the regiment, Lord Cobham, who was related to the Pitt brothers by marriage.

Upon entering this coalition, Pitt said to Devonshire: " My Lord, I am sure I can save this country, and no one else can ".

" Pitt chose for himself the office of Lord Privy Seal, which required his elevation to the House of Lords, and in August he became Earl of Chatham and Viscount Pitt.

Boggs claims Pitt the Elder was the greatest Prime Minister to Barney's Lord Palmerston, causing Barney to punch Boggs in the face, knocking him unconscious.

Although Burke himself was largely alone in defecting to Pitt in 1791, much of the rest of the party, including the influential House of Lords leader the Duke of Portland, Rockingham's nephew Lord Fitzwilliam, and William Windham, were increasingly uncomfortable with the flirtations of Fox and his allies with radicalism and the French Revolution.

The cause of parliamentary reform was next taken up by Lord Chatham's son, William Pitt the Younger ( variously described as a Tory and as an " independent Whig ").

When Lord Shelburne resigned in 1783, King George III, who despised Fox, offered to appoint Pitt to the office of Prime Minister.

So as to reduce the power of the Opposition, Pitt offered Charles James Fox and his allies posts in the Cabinet ; Pitt's refusal to include Lord North, however, thwarted his efforts.

Pitt was appointed, along with Lord Sydney who was appointed President.

In August 1792, George III appointed Pitt to the honorary post of Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.

The father Lord Holland ( 1705 – 1774 ) was an ally of Robert Walpole and rival of Pitt the Elder.

For the controversy concerning the recall of Lord Fitzwilliam see, in addition to the foregoing, Lord Rosebery, Pitt ( London, 1891 ); Lord Ashbourne, Pitt: Some Chapters of his Life ( London, 1898 ); The Pelham Papers ( Brit.

From left to right: James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray | James Stewart ( Moray ), James Hamilton, Duke of Châtellerault | James Hamilton ( Châtellerault ), Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley | Lord Darnley, Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox | Matthew Stewart ( Lennox ), William Maitland of Lethington | William Maitland ( Lethington ), William Kirkcaldy of Grange | William Kirkcaldy ( Grange ), James Douglas, 4th Earl of Morton | James Douglas ( Morton ), John Knox, and George Buchanan

Many contemporary narratives describing his life and death refer to him as Lord Darnley, his title as heir apparent to the Earldom of Lennox, and it is by this appellation that he is now generally known.

* 7 December 1545 – 15 May 1565: Master of Lennox ( Scotland ); Lord Darnley ( English title )

Here in early October she gave birth to Lady Margaret Douglas, the future Countess of Lennox and mother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, cousin and second husband to Mary, Queen of Scots.

In 1574 Bess took advantage of a visit of the Countess of Lennox to marry her daughter Elizabeth to Charles Stuart, the younger son of the Lennoxes and brother of Henry, Lord Darnley, the second husband of Mary, Queen of Scots.

The school's former students ( Old Greshamians ) include Benjamin Britten, W. H. Auden, Lord Reith, Sir Alan Lloyd Hodgkin, President Erskine Childers, Sir Christopher Cockerell, Donald Maclean, Sir Lennox Berkeley, Sir Stephen Spender, Tom Wintringham, Sir James Dyson, Ralph Firman, Sir Peter Brook, Sebastian Shaw, Sienna Guillory and Michael Cummings.

* The Life and Letters of Lady Sarah Lennox, edited by the countess of llchester and Lord Stavordale ( London, 1901 )

She also recorded the song " Into the West " for Peter Jackson's film The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King, where it appeared as the closing theme and earned Lennox the Academy Award for Best Song.

George was originally smitten with Lady Sarah Lennox, sister of the Duke of Richmond, but his mother Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha, the Dowager Princess of Wales, and his political advisor Lord Bute advised against the match, and George abandoned the idea.

Lord Bernard Stewart, youngest son of Esmé Stewart, 1st Duke of Lennox, was to be created Earl of Lichfield by Charles I for his actions at the battles of Newbury and Naseby but died before the creation could be implemented.

He fell from favour when the Frenchman Esmé Stewart, Sieur d ' Aubigny, first cousin of James's father Lord Darnley, and future Earl of Lennox, arrived in Scotland and quickly established himself as the first of James's powerful male favourites.

Lord Bathurst married Lady Georgiana, daughter of Lord George Henry Lennox, in April 1789.

* Robert Stewart, Lord of Aubigny, Count of Lennox ( 1470 – 1544 ), Marshal of France in 1514

Richmond was born at Gordon Castle, near Fochabers, Scotland, the son of General Lord George Lennox, the younger son of Charles Lennox, 2nd Duke of Richmond.

* Lt .- Col. Lord John George Lennox ( 3 October 1793 – 10 November 1873 ), married Louisa Rodney and had issue.

* Lord Henry Adam Lennox ( 6 September 1797 – 1812 ), fell overboard from HMS Blake and drowned.

* Captain Lord Frederick Lennox ( 24 January 1801 – 25 October 1829 ).

* Lord Sussex Lennox ( 11 June 1802 – 12 April 1874 ), married Hon.

* Lt .- Col. Lord Arthur Lennox ( 2 October 1806 – 15 January 1864 ), married Adelaide Campbell and had issue.