More recently, Alasdair MacIntyre has attempted to reform what he calls the Aristotelian tradition in a way that is anti-elitist and capable of disputing the claims of both liberals and Nietzscheans.

* MacIntyre, Alasdair ( 1990 ).

* MacIntyre, Alasdair ( 1984 ).

In addition, Nietzsche ( in Beyond Good and Evil ) and Alasdair MacIntyre ( in After Virtue ) have pointed out that the ancient Greeks did not associate morality with altruism in the way that post-Christian Western civilization has done.

Some notable philosophers, such as Alasdair MacIntyre, have theorized freedom in terms of our social interdependence with other people.

* Alasdair C. MacIntyre

* Alasdair MacIntyre

* MacIntyre, Alasdair, After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory ( University of Notre Dame Press, 1984, 2nd edn.

* January 12 – Alasdair MacIntyre, Scottish-born American philosopher

The philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre published a book in 2006 titled, Edith Stein: A Philosophical Prologue, 1913-1922, in which he contrasted Stein's living out of her own personal philosophy with Martin Heidegger, whose actions during the Nazi era according to MacIntyre suggested a " bifurcation of personality.

* MacIntyre, Alasdair ( 1990 ).

Against this, Alasdair MacIntyre has argued that a narrative understanding of oneself, of one's capacity as an independent reasoner, one's dependence on others and on the social practices and traditions in which one participates, all tend towards an ultimate good of liberation.

However, the university has also contributed in other fields, such as by the work of mathematicians Paul Erdős, Horace Lamb and Alan Turing ; author Anthony Burgess ; philosophers Samuel Alexander, Ludwig Wittgenstein and Alasdair MacIntyre ; the Pritzker Prize and RIBA Stirling Prize winning architect Norman Foster and composer Peter Maxwell Davies all attended, or worked in, Manchester.

Patrons of the Institute include Professors John Haldane, Alasdair MacIntyre Ralph McInerny ( d. 2010 ) and Eleonore Stump.

* Alasdair MacIntyre – A Short History of Ethics

The work of Alasdair MacIntyre informs the versions of postmodernism elaborated by such authors as Murphy ( 2003 ) and Bielskis ( 2005 ), for whom MacIntyre's postmodern revision of Aristotelianism poses a challenge to the kind of consumerist ideology that now promotes capital accumulation.

Alasdair MacIntyre.

However, as Alasdair MacIntyre notes ( in After Virtue, 2007 ), Sidgwick reluctantly had to confess that he had gone in search for Cosmos and found only Chaos, i. e., he could find no rational foundation to basic moral beliefs ; where he had hoped to find unity, he could only locate heterogeneity.

* Alasdair MacIntyre

There is, and always has been, sharp disagreement on this question: thus, as Alasdair MacIntyre observed in After Virtue, though thinkers as diverse as Homer, Aristotle, the authors of the New Testament, Thomas Aquinas, and Benjamin Franklin have all proposed lists, and sometimes theories of the interrelation, of the virtues, these do not always overlap.

* Alasdair MacIntyre has made an effort to reconstruct a virtue-based theory in dialogue with the problems of modern and postmodern thought ; his works include After Virtue and Three Rival Versions of Moral Enquiry.

Other proponents of virtue theory, notably Alasdair MacIntyre, respond to this objection by arguing that any account of the virtues must indeed be generated out of the community in which those virtues are to be practiced: the very word ' ethics ' implies ' ethos '.

The contemporary Aristotelian philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre is specially famous for helping to revive virtue ethics in his book After Virtue.

* MacIntyre, Alasdair, After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory, University of Notre Dame Press, 1984 / Duckworth, 1985 ( 2nd edn.

* MacIntyre, Alasdair, ‘ Natural Law as Subversive: The Case of Aquinas ’ and ‘ Rival Aristotles: 1.

After being fatally wounded by an Aboriginal man, on his deathbed, MacIntyre confessed to a priest that he had exhibited cruelty to Aboriginals.

* Steven Feiner, Professor at Columbia University, is a leading pioneer of augmented reality, and author of the first paper on an AR system prototype, KARMA ( the Knowledge-based Augmented Reality Maintenance Assistant ), along with Blair MacIntyre and Doree Seligmann.

* 1992: Steven Feiner, Blair MacIntyre and Doree Seligmann present the first major paper on an AR system prototype, KARMA, at the Graphics Interface conference.

In November 2006, the UK's Five television channel transmitted an observational documentary on Adair made by Donal MacIntyre.

* Mad Dog and Irish men – Donal MacIntyre article on the making of his documentary about Adair.

MacIntyre appears to take this position in his seminal work on virtue ethics, After Virtue.

Therefore, on MacIntyre ’ s account, Aristotelianism is not identical with Western philosophy as a whole ; rather, it is " the best theory so far, the best theory so far about what makes a particular theory the best one.

According to MacIntyre, Bishop's account was that he based the song on an earlier hymn he had written for, or in mockery of, a pious brother-in-law, taking from this earlier song the " glory hallelujah " chorus, the phrase " to be a soldier in the army of the Lord ", and the tune.

* 1980 – A four-man team consisting of Polish climbers Voytek Kurtyka, Ludwik Wiczyczynski, Frenchman René Ghilini and Scotsman Alex MacIntyre climb the east face, topping out at 7, 500 m on the northeast ridge.

More recent current affairs series on other channels, such as the MacIntyre series on BBC and Five, and Channel 4's Dispatches, commissioned by Dorothy Byrne, a former WIA producer, may be seen as having inherited certain aspects of World in Actions hard-hitting journalistic style.

Later, MacIntyre would go on to record and perform both as Mull Historical Society and under his own name.

Unlike some analytic philosophers who try to generate moral consensus on the basis of an ideal of rationality, MacIntyre presents a historical narration of the development of ethics in order to illuminate the modern problem of " incommensurable " moral notions — i. e., notions whose value can not be reduced to a common measure.

Up until that time MacIntyre had been a relatively influential analytic philosopher of a Marxist bent whose inquiries into moral philosophy had been conducted in a “ piecemeal way, focusing first on this problem and then on that, in a mode characteristic of much analytic philosophy .” However, after reading the works of Thomas Kuhn and Imre Lakatos on philosophy of science and epistemology MacIntyre was inspired to change the entire direction of his thought, tearing up the manuscript he had been working on and deciding to view the problems of modern moral and political philosophy “ not from the standpoint of liberal modernity, but instead from the standpoint of ... Aristotelian moral and political practice .”

Aristotle Against Some Modern Aristotelians ’, in MacIntyre, Ethics and Politics: Selected Essays volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 2006.

* Knight, Kelvin, Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre, Polity Press, 2007.

The MacIntyre Reader Knight, Kelvin, ed.

* Knight, Kelvin, Aristotelian Philosophy: Ethics and Politics from Aristotle to MacIntyre, Cambridge: Polity Press, 2007.