A number of Islamic writers and the 13th century Italian Marco Polo describe how this was obtained by sublimation from zinc ores and condensed onto clay or iron bars, archaeological examples of which have been identified at Kush in Iran.

Marco Polo brought some glazes back to Italy in the 13th century.

During the era after the war, later called the Pax Mongolica, adventurous Westerners such as Marco Polo travelled all the way to China and brought the first reports of its wonders to Europe.

Stories of kites were first brought to Europe by Marco Polo towards the end of the 13th century, and kites were brought back by sailors from Japan and Malaysia in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Marco Polo was not the first Westerner to travel to the Orient and return with amazing stories of this different culture, but his accounts published in the late 13th and early 14th centuries were the first to be widely read throughout Europe.

Over a period of thirty years, he visited most of the known Islamic world as well as many non-Muslim lands ; his journeys including trips to North Africa, the Horn of Africa, West Africa, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe in the West, and to the Middle East, South Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia and China in the East, a distance surpassing threefold his near-contemporary Marco Polo.

The most famous of these travelers was Marco Polo.

Illegal hunting of very rare species such as the snow leopard and the Marco Polo sheep.

Xanadu ( here called Ciandu, as Marco Polo spelled it ) on the French map of Asia made by Sanson d ' Abbeville, geographer of King Louis XIV, dated 1650.

This quotation was based upon the writings of the Venetian explorer Marco Polo who is widely believed to have visited Xanadu in about 1275.

Marco Polo also described a large portable palace made of gilded and lacquered cane or bamboo, and supported against the wind by two hundred silk cords, which could be taken apart quickly and moved from place to place.

One month after he came into office, Japanese troops clashed with Chinese troops near Peking in the Marco Polo Bridge Incident.

The name Madageiscar was first recorded in the memoirs of 13th-century Venetian explorer Marco Polo as a corrupted form of the name Mogadishu, the Somali port with which Polo had confused the island.

Marco Polo (; ; September 15, 1254 – January 9, 1324 ) was a Venetian merchant traveler whose travels are recorded in Il Milione, a book which did much to introduce Europeans to Central Asia and China.

Marco Polo's other legacies include Venice Marco Polo Airport, the Marco Polo sheep, and several books and films.

One possible place of birth is Venice's former contrada of San Giovanni Crisostomo, which is sometimes presented by historians as the birthplace, and it is generally accepted that Marco Polo was born in the Venetian Republic with most biographers pointing towards Venice itself as Marco Polo's home town.

According to The Travels of Marco Polo, they passed through much of Asia, and met with the Kublai Khan.

In 1271, during the dogado of Doge Lorenzo Tiepolo, Marco Polo ( at seventeen years of age ), his father, and his uncle set off for Asia on the series of adventures that were later documented in Marco's book.

After years of Japanese control of Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia, war broke out between Japan and China in 1937 in the Marco Polo Bridge Incident.

In July 1937, Japan captured the former Chinese imperial capital of Beijing after instigating the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, which culminated in the Japanese campaign to invade all of China.

** Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Lugou Bridge ( aka Marco Polo Bridge Incident ): Japanese forces invade China ( often seen as the beginning of World War II in Asia ).

The Yongding River under the Marco Polo Bridge is dried out

# redirect Marco Polo Bridge Incident

Following the disastrous Marco Polo Bridge Incident on July 7, 1937 and the Japanese occupation of Shanghai and takeover of the Chinese movie industry, Jiang left her celebrity life on the stage behind.

Qianlong-era Bixi ( tortoise ) | bixi near Marco Polo Bridge, Beijing

Some Japanese sources have alleged that the activities of Liu's organization sparked the Marco Polo Bridge Incident in July 1937, which gave Japan the excuse to formally launch the Second Sino-Japanese War.

By 1937, Japan had annexed territory north of Beijing and, following the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, a full-scale invasion of China began.

# REDIRECT Marco Polo Bridge Incident

* Marco Polo Bridge Incident

After the 1937 Marco Polo Bridge Incident, China and Japan formally went to war.

The objects in " Cataio " are based on Marco Polo's description and include the capital Khanbaliq | Cambalu, Xanadu | Xandu, and a Marco Polo Bridge | marble bridge

On July 7, 1937, at the Marco Polo Bridge, the Japanese Kwantung army stationed there used explosions heard on the Chinese side of Manchuria as a pretext for invasion.

The Chinese resistance stiffened after July 7, 1937, when a clash occurred between Chinese and Japanese troops outside Beijing ( then named Beiping ) near the Marco Polo Bridge.

* July 7 – The Marco Polo Bridge Incident begins the Second Sino-Japanese War.

Formal hostilities broke out on 7 July 1937 between China and Japan with the Marco Polo Bridge Incident outside of Beijing.

On July 7, 1937, after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, general war between China and Japan broke out.

However, at the same time the Marco Polo Bridge Incident ( near Beijing ) happened and the Second Sino-Japanese War started, Tsinghua was forced to move away from Beijing to west China.

In November 1937, a few months after Marco Polo Bridge Incident that had marked the outbreak of a fully-fledged war in July of the same year, National Shandong University was evacuated from Qingdao.

From 1936 to 1937 Doihara was the commander of the 1st Depot Division in Japan until the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, when he was given command of the IJA 14th Division under the Japanese First Army in North China.

On 7 July in 1937, Lugouqiao Incident ( 廬溝橋事變 )( Marco Polo Bridge Incident ) broke out.

50 Lugouqiao ( Marco Polo Bridge )