" Modernism and Cultural Theory ", editor's introduction to Williams, Raymond.

Some of the works of Catalan Modernism have been listed by UNESCO as World Cultural Heritage:

Shakespeare in the Undiscovered Bourn: Les Kurbas, Ukrainian Modernism, and Early Soviet Cultural Politics.

On the other hand, in 2009, The Cultural Landscape Foundation included City Hall Plaza as one of thirteen national " Marvels of Modernism " in its exhibition and publication.

* Irena R. Makaryk: Shakespeare in the Undiscovered Bourn: Les Kurbas, Ukrainian Modernism, and Early Soviet Cultural Politics, University of Toronto Press, 2004.

He subsequently created a body of work which furthered his refined take on Modernism, producing work for artists such as Roxy Music, Duran Duran, Wham !, Ultravox, Peter Gabriel and Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark.

Richard Strauss's Orchestral Music and the German Intellectual Tradition: the Philosophical Roots of Musical Modernism.

Liszt's Transcultural Modernism and the Hungarian-Gypsy Tradition.

* John F. McCarthy, Modernism in the Demythologizing of Rudolf Bultmann, Living Tradition, No. 112, July 2004

Remaking the Past: Musical Modernism and the Influence of the Tonal Tradition.

Richard Strauss's Orchestral Music and the German Intellectual Tradition: The Philosophical Roots of Musical Modernism.

* Dominic Williams No History to Speak Of: Jewishness and Modernism in John Rodker's Memoirs of Other Fronts ( 1932 ) Journal of Modern Jewish Studies 9. 3 ( 2010 ): 289-310

), Modernism: A Guide to European Literature 1890 – 1930 ( Penguin " Penguin Literary Criticism " series, 1978, ISBN 0-14-013832-3 ).

Encyclopedia of Literary Modernism.

Paranoid Modernism: Literary Experiment, Psychosis, and the Professionalization of English Society, Oxford University Press, ( Oxford ), 2001.

Literary Modernism in Spain was influenced by the " disaster of ' 98 ", Regenerationism, and the Free Institution of Education ( founded by Giner de los Ríos ).

Literary Modernism and Musical Aesthetics: Pater, Pound, Joyce, and Stein.

Literary Modernism and Musical Aesthetics.

* James W. Coleman, Blackness and Modernism: The Literary Career of John Edgar Wideman, University Press of Mississippi, Jackson MI, 1989.

Literary Modernism has its origins in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, mainly in Europe and North America.

* Picturing Literary Modernism Photographs of artistic and literary Americans at home and abroad throughout the Modernist period from the collection of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library at Yale University

The span of his career, from the 1920s to the 1970s, is reflected in the styles of his work, ranging from Nordic Classicism of the early work, to a rational International Style Modernism during the 1930s to a more organic modernist style from the 1940s onwards.

What they and many others of that generation in the Nordic countries had in common was that they started off from a classical education and were first designing in the so-called Nordic Classicism style – a style that had been a reaction to the previous dominant style of National Romanticism – before moving, in the late 1920s, towards Modernism.

Aalto's career spans the changes in style from ( Nordic Classicism ) to purist International Style Modernism to a more personal, synthetic and idiosyncratic Modernism.

Henrik Ibsen and the Birth of Modernism: Art, Theater, Philosophy.

The famed " Armory Show " of 1913 in New York City was a landmark presentation of 1, 200 paintings showcasing Modernism.

While on active duty, he received two lessons from Arnold Schoenberg at UCLA in an attempt to connect with High Modernism theory and practice.

Cut off from the centres of the European Avant-Garde, and with International Modernism beleaguered by rising tides of nationalism across Europe, Schwitters ' work in exile became increasingly organic, with natural forms and muted colours replacing the mass produced ephemera of previous years.

" Modernism / Modernity 14. 2 ( 2007 ): 249-272

But while Mies ' work had enormous influence and critical recognition, his approach failed to sustain a creative force as a style after his death and was eclipsed by the new wave of Post Modernism by the 1980s.

Proponents of the Post Modern style attacked the Modernism with clever statements such as " less is a bore " and with captivating images such as Crown Hall sinking in Lake Michigan.

The failure of his followers to meet his high standard may have contributed to demise of Modernism and the rise of new competing design theories following his death.

Daniel Albright reengages the role of the figure of Laocoön in aesthetic thought in his book Untwisting the Serpent: Modernism in Literature, Music, and Other Arts.

Modernism, in its broadest definition, is modern thought, character, or practice.

In particular the development of modern industrial societies and the rapid growth of cities, followed then by the horror of World War I, were among the factors that shaped Modernism.

In art, Modernism explicitly rejects the ideology of realism and makes use of the works of the past, through the application of reprise, incorporation, rewriting, recapitulation, revision and parody in new forms.

Modernism also rejects the lingering certainty of Enlightenment thinking, as well as the idea of a compassionate, all-powerful Creator.

Some commentators define Modernism as a socially progressive trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, improve and reshape their environment with the aid of practical experimentation, scientific knowledge, or technology.

From this perspective, Modernism encouraged the re-examination of every aspect of existence, from commerce to philosophy, with the goal of finding that which was ' holding back ' progress, and replacing it with new ways of reaching the same end.

Others focus on Modernism as an aesthetic introspection.

" On the other hand Clement Greenberg called Immanuel Kant ( 1724 – 1804 ) " the first real Modernist ", though he also wrote, " What can be safely called Modernism emerged in the middle of the last century — and rather locally, in France, with Baudelaire in literature and Manet in painting, and perhaps with Flaubert, too, in prose fiction.

Modernism, while still " progressive ", increasingly saw traditional forms and traditional social arrangements as hindering progress, and therefore recast the artist as a revolutionary, overthrowing rather than enlightening.

Modernism comprised a series of sometimes contradictory responses to the situation as it was understood, and the attempt to wrestle universal principles from it.

By 1930, Modernism had entered popular culture.

After the generally primitivistic / irrationalist aspect of pre-World War I Modernism, which for many modernists precluded any attachment to merely political solutions, and the neoclassicism of the 1920s, as represented most famously by T. S. Eliot and Igor Stravinsky — which rejected popular solutions to modern problems — the rise of Fascism, the Great Depression, and the march to war helped to radicalise a generation.