Oral argument was heard on October 9, 2002, and on January 15, 2003, the Supreme Court held the CTEA constitutional by a 7-2 decision.

* Oral argument before the Supreme Court, in MP3 format ( Transcript )

Thus, one may conceive of the " Oral Torah " not as a fixed text but as an ongoing process of analysis and argument in which God is actively involved ; it was this ongoing process that was revealed at Sinai, and by participating in this ongoing process rabbis and their students are actively participating in God's ongoing act of revelation.

* Oral argument and opinion announcement listen to audio recordings at oyez. org

Oral argument at the appellate level accompanies written briefs, which also advance the argument of each party in the legal dispute.

Oral argument operates by each party in a case taking turns to speak directly to the judge or judges with an equal amount of time allotted to each.

Oral argument is not always considered an essential part of due process, as the briefs also give the parties an opportunity to be heard by the court.

Oral argument took place in January 2011.

* Oral argument in RealMedia format ( OYEZ )

Oral argument was to be held on February 28, 2012, and a decision is expected before the end of June 2012.

Oral argument at the appellate level accompanies written briefs, which also advance the argument of each party in the legal dispute.

# REDIRECT Oral argument in the United States

Oral argument is permitted and may be waived.

Oral argument is permitted and may be waived.

Oral argument was heard on September 10, 2007.

Oral argument is available from the 9th Circuit website.

Oral argument was held October 5, 2011.

:* Oral History of the US House of Representatives

:* US Senate Oral History Project

:* American Century Oral History Project at St. Andrew's Episcopal School is one of the largest pre-collegiate oral history projects and archives in the US

* Oral history in the teaching of US History

The program would eventually expand to 382 US television stations, and 36 television outlets internationally, dwarfing televangelists Jerry Falwell, Jimmy Swaggart, Oral Roberts, and Jim Bakker.

In Judaism, Heaven is sometimes described as a place where God debates Talmudic law with the angels, and where Jews spend eternity studying the Written and Oral Torah.

Halakha constitutes the practical application of the 613 mitzvot (" commandments ", singular: mitzvah ) in the Torah, ( the five books of Moses, the " Written Law ") as developed through discussion and debate in the classical rabbinic literature, especially the Mishnah and the Talmud ( the " Oral law "), and as codified in the Mishneh Torah or Shulchan Aruch ( the Jewish " Code of Law ".

: See also Oral law ; Halacha l ' Moshe m ' Sinai ; Relationship between the Bible and the Mishnah and Talmud.

In antiquity, the Sanhedrin functioned essentially as the Supreme Court and legislature for Judaism, and had the power to administer binding law, including both received law and its own Rabbinic decrees, on all Jews — rulings of the Sanhedrin became Halakha ; see Oral law.

It is characterised by the belief that the Written Torah ( Law ) cannot be correctly interpreted without reference to the Oral Torah and by the voluminous literature specifying what behavior is sanctioned by the law ( called halakha, " the way ").

Based on the Biblical injunction against cooking a kid in its mother's milk, this rule is mostly derived from the Oral Torah, the Talmud and Rabbinic law.

Rabbinic tradition holds that the details and interpretation of the law, which are called the Oral Torah or oral law, were originally an unwritten tradition based upon what God told Moses on Mount Sinai.

Of particular significance are the various introductory sections – as well as the introduction to the work itself – these are widely quoted in other works on the Mishnah, and on the Oral law in general.

Furthermore, the Oral law includes principles designed to create new rules.

The Oral law is held to be transmitted with an extremely high degree of accuracy.

The Mishnah ( Hebrew: משנה ) is the basic compilation of the Oral law of Judaism ; it was compiled around 220 CE.

* Oral law

Karaite Jews rely on the use of sound reasoning and the application of linguistic tools to determine the correct meaning of the Tanakh ; while Rabbinical Judaism looks toward the Oral law codified in the Talmud, to provide the Jewish community with an accurate understanding of the Hebrew Scriptures.

Conservative Jews tend to believe that much of the Oral law is divinely inspired, while Reform and Reconstructionist Jews tend to view all of the Oral law as an entirely human creation.

* Oral law in Judaism

:* Narratives are found in the Midrashim, of Judaism's Oral law

In a very broad sense it can refer to the entire chain of Jewish tradition ( see Oral law ), but in reference to the Masoretic Text the word mesorah has a very specific meaning: the diacritic markings of the text of the Hebrew Bible and concise marginal notes in manuscripts ( and later printings ) of the Hebrew Bible which note textual details, usually about the precise spelling of words.

* Oral law

Oral communication, while primarily referring to spoken verbal communication, can also employ visual aids and non-verbal elements to support the conveyance of meaning.

The Oral Torah is the primary guide for Jews to abide by these terms, as expressed in tractate Gittin 60b, " the Holy One, Blessed be He, did not make His covenant with Israel except by virtue of the Oral Law " to help them learn how to live a holy life, and to bring holiness, peace and love into the world and into every part of life, so that life may be elevated to a high level of kedushah, originally through study and practice of the Torah, and since the destruction of the Second Temple, through prayer as expressed in tractate Sotah 49a " Since the destruction of the Temple, every day is more cursed than the preceding one ; and the existence of the world is assured only by the kedusha ... and the words spoken after the study of Torah.

In rabbinic literature the word Torah denotes both these five books, Torah Shebichtav ( תורה שבכתב, " Torah that is written "), and an Oral Torah, Torah Shebe ' al Peh ( תורה שבעל פה, " Torah that is spoken ").

Oral arguments are spoken to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer ( or parties when representing themselves ) of the legal reasons why they should prevail.

Oral literature or folk literature corresponds in the sphere of the spoken ( oral ) word to literature as literature operates in the domain of the written word.

Bob Holman is an American poet and poetry activist, most closely identified with the Oral tradition, the spoken word, and slam poetry.