In Art and Artist ( 1932 ), the psychologist Otto Rank wrote that the psychological trauma of birth was the pre-eminent human symbol of existential anxiety and encompasses the creative person's simultaneous fear of – and desire for – separation, individuation and differentiation.

She was transformed by her therapy with Otto Rank, who broke with Freud over his failure to appreciate the power of women's sexuality, the value of art, and the meaning of the mother-child relationship.

Nin was acquainted, often quite intimately, with a number of prominent authors, artists, psychoanalysts, and other figures, and wrote of them often, especially Otto Rank.

In his influential work The Myth of the Birth of the Hero, Otto Rank argued that the births of many mythical heroes follow a common pattern.

He was strongly influenced in constructing his client-centered approach by the post-Freudian psychotherapeutic practice of Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank, in 1911, published the first psychoanalytical paper specifically concerned with narcissism, linking it to vanity and self-admiration.

During the early 1920s, criticizing Freud's " classical " method of neutral interpretation, Ferenczi collaborated with Otto Rank to create a " here-and-now " psychotherapy that, through Rank's personal influence, led the American Carl Rogers to conceptualize person-centered therapy ( Kramer 1995 ).

Anaïs Nin became his lover and financed the first printing of Tropic of Cancer in 1934 with money from Otto Rank.

Otto Rank ( April 22, 1884 – October 31, 1939 ) was an Austrian psychoanalyst, writer, and teacher.

In 1926, Otto Rank left Vienna for Paris.

In 1905, at the age of 21, Otto Rank presented Freud with a short manuscript on the artist, a study that so impressed Freud he invited Rank to become Secretary of the emerging Vienna Psychoanalytic Society.

“ I have long considered Otto Rank to be the great unacknowledged genius in Freud ’ s circle ,” said May ( Rank, 1996, p. xi ).

In 1936 Carl Rogers, the most influential psychologist in America after William James, invited Otto Rank to give a series of lectures in New York on Rank ’ s post-Freudian models of experiential and relational therapy.

The New York writer Paul Goodman, who was co-founder with Fritz Perls of the Gestalt method of psychotherapy, one of the most popular in the world today, and one that makes Otto Rank's " here-and-now " central to its approach, described Rank ’ s post-Freudian ideas on art and creativity as “ beyond praise ” in Gestalt Therapy ( Perls, Goodman and Hefferline, 1951, p. 395 ).

Through the lens of Otto Rank ’ s work on understanding art and artists, action learning can be seen as the never-completed process of learning how to “ step out of the frame ” of the ruling mindset, whether one ’ s own or the culture ’ s – in other words, of learning how to unlearn.

His writings preceded, and were at times surprisingly consistent with, later neo-Freudian insights such as those evidenced in the works of Otto Rank, Karen Horney, Harry Stack Sullivan and Erich Fromm, some considering that it would take several decades for Freudian ego psychology to catch up with Adler's ground-breaking approach.

* Rank, Otto, The Double: A Psychoanalytic Study, 1925 ( written 1914 ).

Perls and Goodman were influenced by the work Kurt Lewin and Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank

Campbell also looked to the work of ethnographers James Frazer and Franz Boas and psychologist Otto Rank.

* Otto Rank

Historically " the first force " were psychologists like Sigmund Freud, Alfred Adler, Erik Erikson, Carl Jung, Erich Fromm, Karen Horney, Otto Rank, Melanie Klein, Harry Stack Sullivan, and others.

* 1884 – Otto Meyerhof, German physician and biochemist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1951 )

The Berlin Conference ( 1884 ) headed by Otto von Bismarck that regulated European colonization in Africa during the New Imperialism period

* October 6 – Otto Fritz Meyerhof, German-born physician and biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ( b. 1884 )

The fifty poems that were published by Albert Giraud ( born Emile Albert Kayenbergh ) as Pierrot lunaire: Rondels bergamasques in 1884 quickly attracted composers to set them to music, especially after they were translated, somewhat freely, into German ( 1892 ) by the poet and dramatist Otto Erich Hartleben.

Ottomar Anschütz's famous 1884 album of photographs of storks inspired the design of Otto Lilienthal's experimental gliders of the late 19th century.

The modern edition is that by Curt Wachsmuth and Otto Hense ( Berlin, 1884 – 1912, 5 volumes ).

* Curtius Wachsmuth, Otto Hense, ( 1884 ), Ioannis Stobaei Anthologium, Volume 1-2

The euglenids were first defined by Otto Bütschli in 1884 as the flagellate order Euglenida.

After 1884, Otto also developed the magneto to create an electrical spark for ignition, which had been unreliable on the Lenoir engine.

Map of the Belgian Congo ( 1884 ) In November 1884, Otto von Bismarck convened a 14-nation conference ( the Berlin Conference ) to submit the Congo question to international control.

Together with Ernst Abbe ( joined 1866 ) and Otto Schott ( joined 1884 ) they built a base for modern optics and manufacturing.

** Otto Pfleiderer, Religionsphilosophie auf geschichtlicher Grundlage ( 2nd ed., Berlin, 1884, vol.

The German worker's compensation law of 6 July 1884, initiated by Prince Otto von Bismarck, was passed only after three attempts and was the first of its kind in the world.

When the Ringling Brothers ( Alfred T., John, Charles, and Otto ) were planning their own circus, they invited the Parson Brothers to join them in 1884.

* Otto von Bismarck, Prussian and German chancellor during the unification period ; decorated in 1884 with the Pour le Mérite with oak leaves.

Later recipients included Thomas Babington Macaulay ( 1853 ), John C. Frémont ( 1860 ), Theodor Mommsen ( 1868 ), Charles Darwin ( 1868 ), Thomas Carlyle ( 1874 ) ( who never accepted any other honor ), Henry Wadsworth Longfellow ( 1875 ), William Thomson, Lord Kelvin ( 1884 ), Heinrich von Treitschke ( 1887 ), Johannes Brahms ( 1887 ), Giuseppe Verdi ( 1887 ), William Henry Flower ( 1899 ), Camille Saint-Saëns ( 1901 ), Luigi Cremona ( 1903 ), John Singer Sargent ( 1908 ), Ferdinand von Zeppelin ( 1910 ), Otto Lessing ( sculptor ) ( 1911 ), Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen ( 1911 ), Sir William Ramsay ( 1911 ), Max Planck ( 1915 ), and Rudolph Sohm ( 1916 ).

These were Helmuth von Moltke the Elder, who received the military class in 1839 and the civil class in 1874, Otto von Bismarck, who received the military class in 1884 and the civil class in 1896, and Hermann von Kuhl, who received the military class in 1916 and the civil class in 1924.

Otto Fritz Meyerhof ForMemRS ( April 12, 1884 – October 6, 1951 ) was a German-born physician and biochemist.

This theory argues that the word shot was originally spelled Schott, and named after Friedrich Otto Schott who co-founded the glassworks factory Jenaer Glaswerk Schott & Genossen in Jena, Germany, in 1884.

For a long time Otto could not find an eligible editor-in-chief until he began to cooperate with Jan Malý, a former co-editor of the Reiger's encyclopedia, who laid down a concept of the new work with a proposed name-Czech national encyclopedia ( Národní encyklopedie česká ) in 1884.

* Otto Finsch, Anthropologische Ergebnisse einer Reise in der Sudsee und dem Malayischen Archipel in den Jahren, 1879-1882 ( Berlin: A. Asher & Co., 1884 ). Otto Finsch, Masks of Faces of Races of Men from the South Sea Islands and the Malay Archipelago, taken from Living Originals in the Years 1879-82 ( Rochester, NY: Ward's Natural Sciences Establishment, 1888 ).