* 1327 – The poet Petrarch first sees his idealized love, Laura, in the church of Saint Clare in Avignon.

On April 6, 1327, Good Friday, after Petrarch gave up his vocation as a priest, the sight of a woman called " Laura " in the church of Sainte-Claire d ' Avignon awoke in him a lasting passion, celebrated in the Rime sparse (" Scattered rhymes ").

Laura and Petrarch had little or no personal contact.

While it is possible she was an idealized or pseudonymous character – particularly since the name " Laura " has a linguistic connection to the poetic " laurels " Petrarch coveted – Petrarch himself always denied it.

There is psychological realism in the description of Laura, although Petrarch draws heavily on conventionalised descriptions of love and lovers from troubadour songs and other literature of courtly love.

Turin, Einaudi, 1964 ) has spoken of linguistic indeterminacy – Petrarch never rises above the " bel pié " ( her lovely foot ): Laura is too holy to be painted ; she is an awe-inspiring goddess.

** Laura, beloved of Petrarch ( b. 1310 )

* April 6 – Petrarch sees a woman he names Laura in the church of Sainte-Claire d ' Avignon, which awakes in him a lasting passion.

Francis Petrarch became a friend of Simone's while in Avignon, and two of Petrarch's sonnets ( Canzoniere 96 and 130 ) make reference to a portrait of Laura de Noves that Simone supposedly painted for the poet ( according to Vasari ).

The Petrarch who unearthed the works of the great Latin writers helps us understand the Petrarch who loved a real woman, named Laura, and celebrated her in her life and after her death in poems full of studied elegance.

Among these were Shakespeare's chair, fragments from the alleged graves of Romeo and Juliet in Verona, ashes of El Cid and Ximena from the Cathedral of Burgos, and relics of Abelard and Heloise, and Petrarch and his Laura.

Giovanni Boccaccio (; 1313 – 21 December 1375 ) was an Italian author and poet, a friend, student, and correspondent of Petrarch, an important Renaissance humanist and the author of a number of notable works including the Decameron, On Famous Women, and his poetry in the Italian vernacular.

The period featured considerable formal innovation, including possibly the introduction of the Sicilian octave to Florence, where it influenced Petrarch.

Upon hearing of the death of Petrarch ( July 19, 1374 ), Boccaccio wrote a commemorative poem, including it in his collection of lyric poems, the Rime.

Petrarch revived the work and letters of the ancient Roman Senate | Roman Senator Cicero | Marcus Tullius CiceroPetrarch also published many volumes of his letters, including a few written to his long-dead friends from history such as Cicero and Virgil.

The researchers are fairly certain that the body in the tomb is Petrarch's due to the fact that the skeleton bears evidence of injuries mentioned by Petrarch in his writings, including a kick from a donkey when he was 42.

Other Italian poets of the time, including Dante Alighieri ( 1265 – 1321 ) and Guido Cavalcanti ( c. 1250 – 1300 ) wrote sonnets, but the most famous early sonneteer was Petrarca ( known in English as Petrarch ).

Other poets on the continent cultivated the sestina during the 13 – 15th centuries, including Dante and Petrarch in Italy, and Luís de Camões in Portugal.

Of particular note, Tolstoy's epic novel War and Peace – her magnum opus, as well as completing translations of Rilke, Mann, Chekov, Veraline, Akmatova, Shakespeare, and Petrarch, among others, plus many other works including reference books and works for children.

In the Prose della volgar lingua, Bembo set Petrarch up as the perfect model, and discussed verse composition in detail, including rhyme, stress, the sounds of words, balance and variety.

The cycles include two canzoni by Petrarch and a capitolo by Ariosto ; they are set in a declamatory manner, thereby including a treatment of vocal lines which foreshadowed monody, and Wert's own later works.

Rore chose not to write madrigals of frivolous nature, preferring to focus on serious subject matter, including the works of Petrarch, and tragedies presented at Ferrara.

Inspired by Dante, other Italian poets, including Petrarch and Boccaccio, began using the form.

Moving in all the most important political, artistic and ecclesiastical circles, he was acquainted with many lights of the age, including Petrarch and the famous mathematician, philosopher and music theorist Nicole Oresme.

The affirmation and glorification of French finds its greatest manifestation in the " Defense and Illustration of the French Language " ( 1549 ) by the poet Joachim du Bellay, which maintained that French ( like the Tuscan of Petrarch and Dante ) was a worthy language for literary expression and which promulgated a program of linguistic production and purification ( including the imitation of Latin genres ).

He next painted in the monastery of S. Francesco, Montefalco, filling the choir with three registers of subjects from the life of the saint, with various accessories, including portrait heads of Dante, Petrarch and Giotto.

The character of their literary program was given in Du Bellay's manifesto, the " Defense and Illustration of the French Language " ( 1549 ) which maintained that French ( like the Tuscan of Petrarch and Dante ) was a worthy language for literary expression and which promulgated a program of linguistic and literary production ( including the imitation of Latin and Greek genres ) and purification.

In the Prose della volgar lingua, he set Petrarch up as the perfect model, and discussed verse composition in detail, including rhyme, stress, the sounds of words, balance and variety.

Sieber described the library of the monastery as rich in more than a thousand texts, including religious texts and those of Pindar, Petrarch, Virgil, Dante, Homer, Strabon, Thucydides and Diodore of Sicily.

In addition, a number of individuals are known to have read the text or have been indirectly influenced by it, including: Vussin, Hrabanus Maurus, Hermann of Reichenau, Hugo of St. Victor, Gervase of Melkey, William of Malmesbury, Theoderich of St. Trond, Petrus Diaconus, Albertus Magnus, Filippo Villani, Jean de Montreuil, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Giovanni de Dondi, Domenico di Bandino, Niccolò Acciaioli bequeathed copy to the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence, Bernward of Hildesheim, and St. Thomas Aquinas.

The character of their literary program was given in Du Bellay's manifesto, the " Defense and Illustration of the French Language " ( 1549 ) which maintained that French ( like the Tuscan of Petrarch and Dante ) was a worthy language for literary expression and which promulgated a program of linguistic and literary production ( including the imitation of Latin and Greek genres ) and purification.

By the 14th century, the form further crystallized under the pen of Petrarch, whose sonnets were later translated in the 16th century by Sir Thomas Wyatt, who is credited with introducing the sonnet form into English literature.

A third Usque, Solomon, merchant of Venice and Ancona and poet of some note, translated the sonnets of Petrarch into excellent Spanish verse, which was much admired by his contemporaries.

In 1374, it was translated into Latin by Petrarch, who quotes the heroine, Griselda, as an exemplum of that most virile virtue, constancy.

Secretum ( De secreto conflictu curarum mearum, translated as The Secret or My Secret Book ) is a trilogy of dialogues in Latin written by Petrarch sometime from 1347 to 1353, in which he examines his faith with the help of Saint Augustine, and " in the presence of The Lady Truth ".

The works of Petrarch first displayed the new interest in the intellectual values of the Classical world in the early 14th century and the romance of this era as rediscovered in the Renaissance period can be seen expressed by Boccaccio.

Petrarch then dissuaded Boccaccio from burning his own works and selling off his personal library, letters, books, and manuscripts.

Like Petrarch, who had been the first famous philologist to study the works of the ancient Roman poets, Alberti loved classics, but he compared continual reading and rereading in libraries.

His writings assisted in the 16th-century revival of interest in the works of Petrarch.

Among his works in Italian and Neapolitan are the recasting of Neapolitan proverbs as Gliommeri his Farse, and the Rime ( published as Sonetti et canzoni di M. Jacopo Sannazaro, Naples and Rome, 1530 ), where the manner of Petrarch is paramount.

Italian poets revived the pastoral from the 14th century onwards, first in Latin ( examples include works by Petrarch, Pontano and Mantuan ) then in the Italian vernacular ( Boiardo ).

The humanist Francesco Petrarch, a key figure in the renewed sense of scholarship, was also an accomplished poet, publishing several important works of poetry.

He still continued his literary studies, as is shown by his works on Petrarch ( Vita e rime di F. Petrarca, Modena, 1711 ) and Lodovico Castelvetro ( Vita ed opere di L. Castelvetro, Milan, 1727 ).

He shows a knowledge of Latin authors and familiarity with the works of Dante and Petrarch.

The vulgar ( ie, spoken ) language of Florence gained prestige in the 14th century after Dante Alighieri, Francesco Petrarca ( Petrarch ) and Giovanni Boccaccio wrote major works in it: the Divina Commedia, the Canzoniere and the Decameron.

All such works tended to set humanist poetry of a type that attempted to imitate Petrarch and his Trecento followers, another element of the period's tendency toward a desire for restoration of principles it associated with a mixed-up notion of antiquity.

Pietro Bembo was an influential figure in the development of the Italian language, specifically Tuscan, as a literary medium, and his writings assisted in the 16th-century revival of interest in the works of Petrarch.

In 1877 he published Chaucer: Studien zur Geschichte seiner Entwickelung und zur Chronologie seiner Schriften, a study which analyzed Chaucer's literary models and verse forms to determine the later widely accepted division of the poet's works into three periods: a first period during which he was mostly influenced by French models as well as by Ovid ; a second period during which his main inspiration came from Italian models ( Dante, Boccaccio, Petrarch ); and a third period of mature literary production.